Download P6 notes as of 11/29

Characteristics
&
Classification
Of
Living things
What Are the Characteristics of Life? 10/11/16
(WITH YOUR STUDY PARTNER, SORT THE THINGS INTO
THE T-CHART)






LIVING
Rattlesnake
Bald eagle
Shark
Puma
Trees
flowers
NONLIVING
 Golden Gate Bridge
 Half Dome
 Mechanical Pencils
1) -breathe...exchange gases
-need something to survive
2) -*grow and change over a life span
3) -*have cells: one or trillions organized into
systems
4) -all die
5) -*reproduce/make more of its kin
-need shelter
6) -*need energy & use it & need water
7) -move on its own/NO outside force causes mvmt
-self-sustaining processes
8) -excrete wastes
9) -respond to environment
10) -made of the SAME chemicals: H2O, lipids
(fats), carbohydrates (sugars), proteins (building
blocks), nucleic acids (DNA, RNA)
11)-ability to heal wounds
12) -homeostasis=maintain internal balance
13) -change over time…evolve through adaptation
 ALL living things have the characteristics of
life, but are all different...same, but different
 nonliving= doesn’t have most of the
characteristics of life...was not ever living
 dead= was alive, but now is not; can’t die,
unless have lived
What is DNA & how does it work? 10/19/16
(reader taped-in & highlighted)
 found in the nucleus of cells
 “recipe”/code for proteins that determine what
an organism looks like=phenotype
 What makes a zebra, a zebra; makes a pepper
tree, a pepper tree; me, me; you, you!
 Double helix structure...like a twisted
ladder...discovered by Watson & Crick in 1953
(large DNA structure diagram)
 Chips Ahoy cookies are like DNA b/c they are
the same, but different...the chips are the GCAT
(what changes), the cookie is the backbone (not
change)
What are the levels of the modern biological
classification system? 11/2/16
 biological classification= grouping living things
by similarities to make studies
easier...taxonomy=study of biological
classification/taxonomist
 1st classified by:
-cell type: 2 types: prokaryote= w/out a
nucleus around the DNA OR eukaryote= have a
nucleus around DNA
-how its gets food (energy)...
hunt for it(animals)=heterotroph/consumers OR
makes its own(plants)=autotroph/producers
-# of cells: unicellular= 1 cell OR multicellular=
trillions of cells
**Levels of the modern biological classification
system from broadest to most specific**
1) DOMAIN: 3 based on cell type
-bacteria: unicellular, prokaryotic organisms
-archaea: ancient bacteria; unicellular,
prokaryotic organisms; live in EXTREME
environments where nothing else could
survive
**-eukarya: unicellular & multicellular,
eukaryotic organisms
2) KINGDOM: 4 eukaryotic kingdoms based on #
of cells & how gets food
-Protista/protist: unicellular or multicellular,
autotrophic or heterotrophic...slime molds,
diatoms, paramecium, amoebae & algae...giant
kelp/seaweed is NOT a plant! It is a protist
-Fungi/fungus: unicellular or multicellular
heterotrophic organisms...mushrooms, yeast,
mold
**-Plantae/plant: multicellular autotrophic
organisms...pine tree, grass, vines
**-Animalia/animal: multicellular
heterotrophic organisms...shark, bald eagle,
dragonfly
3) PHYLUM:
-2 plant kingdom phyla: **vascular & non
vascular
-9 animal kingdom phyla: 8 invertebrates (no
bones!) & **vertebrate/chordata (bones!)
4) CLASS:
5)
6)
7)
8)
- 3 vascular plant classes: **angiosperms,
**gymnosperms & ferns
- 5 vertebrate animal classes: mammals, birds,
reptiles, fish, amphibians
ORDER:
-many orders in e@ class EX: 19 orders of
mammals
FAMILY
-many families in e@ order EX: 18 families of
order chiroptera (bats)
GENUS
-many genera in e@ family
SPECIES= 1 distinct group of organisms that
can mate & produce fertile offspring/ has
babies that can have babies