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Cold War (1946-1991): An Overview • There is an Iron Curtain falling down all around Eastern Europe.” -Winston Churchill (March 1946) Cold War (1946-1991) • The Cold War was a continuing conflict between the Soviet Union and the United States that took place following the end of World War II. • Although the two countries never directly clashed with one another, they frequently showed aggression through other countries (Korea, Cuba, Vietnam, Afghanistan, etc.) during this time period. • The main byproduct of the Cold War was an immense buildup of Nuclear Weapons. Cold War (1946-1991) Participants: Soviet Union: United States: Allies: Warsaw Pact NATO Government System: Communists Democracy Economic System: Socialism “State Owned” Business Capitalism “Private Owned” Business Supporters: Eastern Europe Western Europe U.S. Nuclear Weapons Program 1. Cost of Manhattan Project (A-Bomb): $20 Billion (1945) 2. $ paid by the U.S. to countries for damage caused by our Nuclear Testing program: $2.1 Billion 3. Total Cost of Nuclear Weapons Program: $5.8 Trillion 4. Annual Spending on Nuclear Weapons: $35.1 Billion 5. First and Last Nuclear Test in U.S.: July 16, 1945 = “Trinity” September 23, 1992 = “Divider” 6. Number of Nuclear Tests in the U.S.: 1,031 In Nevada (911) Elsewhere (120) 7. States with largest number of Nuclear Weapons: New Mexico, Georgia, Washington, and Nevada Today’s Nuclear World Nuclear Weapons Countries: China, France, Russia, GB, US Other Nuclear Weapons Countries: India, Pakistan, N. Korea Other States Believed to have Weapons: Israel States Suspected of having Nuclear Weapons Program: Iran and Syria Today’s Nuclear World U.S. Nuclear Warheads = 32,000 (Height) U.S. Nuclear Warheads = 9,000 (Today) Russia Nuclear Warheads = 45,000 (Height) Russia Nuclear Warheads = 11,000 (Today)