Download CUSTOMER_CODE SMUDE DIVISION_CODE SMUDE

CUSTOMER_CODE
SMUDE
DIVISION_CODE
SMUDE
EVENT_CODE
JULY15
ASSESSMENT_CODE MR0006_JULY15
QUESTION_TYPE
DESCRIPTIVE_QUESTION
QUESTION_ID
125629
QUESTION_TEXT
Name any 4 organelles present in cell cytoplasm. Explain the functions
of any 2 of them.
Organelles present in cell cytoplasm:
SCHEME OF
EVALUATION
1.
The Endoplasmic reticulum
2.
Golgi complex
3.
Lysosomes
4.
Peroxisomes
5.
Mitochondria
(Any 4- ½ mark each- 2 marks)
Function of Golgi complex:
a. processing the proteins that have come from ER into finished
products.
b. Golgi complex sorts and directs the finished products to their final
destinations.
Function of Mitochondria:
a.
It generates and stores ATP.
(Functions of any 2 of Organelles- 4 marks each- 8 marks)
QUESTION_TYPE
DESCRIPTIVE_QUESTION
QUESTION_ID
125630
Write short notes on:
QUESTION_TEXT
a.
b.
Oligo dendrocytes
Astrocytes
a.
c.
Fast oxonal transport
d.
Myelin sheath
e.
Microglia
Oligodendrocytes:
Somewhat resemble an octopus; they have a bulbous body with as many as
15 arm- like processes.
b.
Astrocytes:
Astrocytes are the most abundant and functionally diverse glia in the CNS and
constitute over 90% of the tissue in some areas of the brain. They are many
branched and have a somewhat star like shape.
c.
Fast oxonal transport:
Fast oxonal transport occurs at a rate of 20 to 400mm/day and may be either
anterograde or retrograde:
SCHEME OF
EVALUATION
Fast anterograde transport moves mitochondria, synaptic vesicles, other
orgabelles, components of the axolemma, calcium ions, enzymes such as
acetylcholinesterase and small molecules such as glucose, amino acids and
nucleotides.
d.
Myelin sheath:
The myelin sheath is an insulating layer around a nerve fiber, somewhat like
the rubber insulation on a wire. It i9s formed by oligodendrocytes in the central
nervous system and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system.
e.
Microglia:
Microglia are small macrophages that develop from white blood cells called
monocytes. They wander through the CNS and phagocytize dead nervous
tissue, microorganisms and other foreign matter.
(2 marks each- 10 marks)
QUESTION_TYPE
DESCRIPTIVE_QUESTION
QUESTION_ID
125631
QUESTION_TEXT
Name 5 extraocular muscles. Give their nerve supply and actions.
SCHEME OF
EVALUATION
a.
Superior oblique:
Nerve Supply- Trochlear nerve
Action of the muscle- Depression of the eyeball, Lateral rotation of the
eyeball.
b.
Inferior oblique:
Nerve Supply- Oculomotor nerve
Action of the muscle- Elevation of the eyeball lateral rotation of the
eyeball extortion.
c.
Superior rectus:
Nerve Supply- Oculomotor nerve
Action of the muscle- Elevation of the eyeball, medial rotation Intortion.
d.
Inferior rectus:
Nerve Supply- Oculomotor nerve
Action of the muscle- Depression of the eyeball, medial rotation of the
eyeball Extortion.
e.
Medial rectus:
Nerve Supply- Oculomotor nerve
Action of the muscle- Medial rotation of the eyeball.
(2 marks each- 10 marks)
QUESTION_TYPE
DESCRIPTIVE_QUESTION
QUESTION_ID
125632
QUESTION_TEXT
Give the source and actions of:
i.
Prolactin
ii. FSH
iii. ADH
iv. Growth harmone
v.
Oxytocin
i.
SCHEME OF
EVALUATION
Prolactin:
It is another homone secretedfrom antior pituitary gland.
a.
helps in development breasts in pregnancy.
b.
Stimulates milk production after child birth.
ii.
FSH:
FSH and LH together are known as gonadotrophic hormones.
FSH: it stimulates oogenesis in females and spermatogenesis in males.
LH: it stimulates the secretion of female and male sex hormones.
iii.
ADH:
It regulates the body water content, by acting on the kidneys. When body water
content is less, this hormone acts on kidney to retain more water. So, the
volume of urine formed will be less. If body water is more, the hormone
secreted is less. Somore water is excreted from the body in the form of urine.
Deficiency of this hormone leads to a condition called diabetes insipidus.
Diabetes insipidus: in ADH deficiency, more water is lost from the body in
urine. A condition known as polyuria. Excessive loss of water from the body
stimulates the thirst centre, causing increased thirst in the individual which
leads to an increase in water intake known as polydypsia.
iv.
Growth harmone:
It is secreted by anterior pituitary gland. It is a peptide hormone.
Action:
a.
Increase in blood sugar level
b.
Breakdown of neutral fats and triglycerides
c.
Protiens synthesis
v.
Oxytocin:
the production of milk in the breast is controlled by prolactin. But the “coming
out” or release of milk from breast is influenced by oxytonic.when the baby
suckes the breast, it results in oxytocin secretion, which brings about ejection
of milk.