Download AP World History Exam: The 20th Century Which of the following

AP World History Exam: The 20th Century
1) Which of the following was NOT an event leading to the outbreak of World
War I?
A) The assassination of the Austrian archduke
B) Austriaʹs declaration of war on Serbia
C) Franceʹs invasion of Belgium
D) The rise of the alliance system
2) By 1915, conflict on the Western Front
A) had become a shifting game of rapid maneuver with few major battles.
B) had resulted in victory for the British and French troops, who pushed
the exhausted enemy to the borders of Germany.
C) had settled into a deadly stalemate in which hundreds of thousands of
lives were expended for a few feet of trench.
D) had resulted in massive food shortages in both France and Great
Britain.
3) Which of the following statements concerning the global aspects of World
War I is most accurate?
A) The British dominions of Canada, Australia, and New Zealand
remained aloof and virtually untouched by the war.
B) American businessmen prior to 1917 profited by selling goods to both
sides and by taking advantage of European distractions to seize new
world markets.
C) The United States aggressively entered the war in 1914 to demonstrate
its new position as a world power.
D) Most colonies of Europe refused to fight and die for their “mother”
country.
4) By 1917 the war on the Eastern Front
A) had stagnated into a stalemate in which neither side had an advantage.
B) led to a major revolution in Russia that toppled the tsarist government.
C) resulted in a massive Russian offensive fueled by the numerical
superiority of Russian armies.
D) had developed into trench warfare similar to the Western Front.
5) Which of the following was NOT included in the final set of treaties that
ended World War I?
A) A League of Nations was formed, but the United States refused to join.
B) Russia was rewarded for its service to the Allies by the grant of
substantial territories in Poland and the Baltic Republics.
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C) Germany was forced to accept blame for the war and to pay huge
reparations to the victorious Allies.
D) Austria-Hungary was divided up into a Germanic Austria as well as the
independent states of Hungary, Czechoslovakia, and Yugoslavia.
6) The British promised support for a Jewish settlement in the Middle East in
the
A) Sinai Resolution B) Exodus Pact C) Fourteen Points D) Balfour
Declaration
7) As a direct consequence of the war
A)
B)
C)
D)
womenʹs participation in the labor force increased greatly.
womenʹs participation in the labor force increased only slightly.
womenʹs participation in the labor force decreased significantly.
womenʹs participation in the labor force stayed basically at the same
levels.
8) The sea warfare during World War I consisted largely of
A) major surface battles between the fleets of Britain and Germany.
B) a single major battle in which the German fleet destroyed the Russian
navy.
C) German submarine warfare.
D) the British attempt to destroy the Russian fleet in the Mediterranean.
9) The mid-1920s in western Europe could best be described as a period of
A) war and destruction. B) stability and optimism. C) depression and
unemployment. D) international tensions building between East and
West.
10)What event historically triggered the Great Depression?
A) World War II B) World War I C) U.S. stock market crash
D) The attack on Pearl Harbor
11)Which of the following did NOT occur in the West in the 1920s?
A) An American named Charles Lindbergh completed the first solo flight
across the Atlantic Ocean.
B) Benito Mussolini and Adolf Hitler rose to power as part of the fascist
movement in Western Europe.
C) New luxury items like automobiles and radios were mass-produced and
more readily available to people of the middle-class.
D) Women felt more empowered and gained voting rights in the U.S.,
Germany, and Great Britain.
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12)Which of the following was NOT a popular cultural phenomenon in the
West during the 1920s?
A) television B) radio C) automobiles D) “talkies”
13)Which of the following countries was NOT a member of the Axis powers?
A) The Soviet Union B) Italy C) Germany D) Japan
14)Hitler came to power in Germany
A)
B)
C)
D)
with the support of communists.
as a result of entirely legal and constitutional means.
after a short, but violent, overthrow of the constitutional government.
after a lengthy civil war between forces of conservatives and
communists.
15)Who was the leader of fascist Italy?
A) Benedetto Croce B) Benito Juarez C) Benito Mussolini D) Erwin
Rommel
16)In order to avoid a two-front war, Hitler signed a nonaggression pact with
this country in 1939.
A) Spain B) France C) The United States D) The USSR
17)Universally recognized as the greatest naval battle in history, the Japanese
fleet was effectively put out of commission at
A) Midway B) Tarawa C) Coral Sea D) Iwo Jima
18)Japanʹs surrender in the Pacific was precipitated by
A) the use of atomic weapons on the cities of Nagasaki and Hiroshima by
the U.S.
B) a massive land and sea assault on the Japanese home islands.
C) the loss of the Philippines to the U.S.
D) the loss of China to combined British and American forces.
19)This combined Allied invasion of northern France in June 1944 began the
liberation of western Europe from the Nazis.
A) Battle of the Bulge B) Battle of Midway C) Operation Barbarossa D)
D-Day
20)Hitler’s decision to invade this country in 1941 overextended the Nazi war
machine and is usually seen as a strategic mistake for Germany in World
War II.
A) France B) The Soviet Union C) Britain D) Poland
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21)Which of the following statements concerning warfare in the European
theater during World War II is most accurate?
A) France mounted a fanatic defense of its home territories, only
succumbing to the Nazi advance in 1944.
B) British resistance crumbled before the air assaults of Germany, and an
amphibious assault knocked the British from the war.
C) From 1939-1941, Nazi Germany quickly conquered most of continental
Europe using “blitzkrieg” tactics with tanks and airplanes.
D) The war quickly turned into a trench warfare stalemate with both sides
working to gain additional allies.
22)Though the United States supported the Allies, they did not officially enter
World War II until
A) Japan invaded China in 1937.
B) Japan attacked Pearl Harbor in 1941.
C) Hitler invaded Czechoslovakia in 1938.
D) Germany declared war on the United States in 1942.
23)Hitler promoted the Nazi ideology that many of Germany’s problems were
caused by
A) socialists and capitalists.
B) Jews and communists.
C) Jews and Czechs.
D) fascists and communists.
24)The mass murder of 6 million Jews living in Nazi occupied areas from
1938-1945 is called
A) The Holocaust B) The Munich Pact C) Kristallnacht D) Auschwitz
25)All of the following groups were targeted by Hitler in the mass executions
that would become known as the ʺfinal solutionʺ EXCEPT
A) musicians B) homosexuals C) Gypsies D) mental deviants
26)Where was the focal point of the cold war in Europe immediately after
World War II?
A) France B) Germany C) Hungary D) Czechoslovakia
27)Which of the following statements concerning the German government
after World War II is most accurate?
A) Germany remained divided among three Western powers until 1980.
B) During the cold war, France, Britain, and the United States merged their
territories to form the Federal Republic of Germany.
C) Germany fell under the direct government of the Soviet Union along
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with the rest of eastern Europe.
D) Germany reunited in 1960 after the fall of the Berlin Wall.
28)The independent labor movement in Poland that challenged Soviet
dominance was called
A) Comintern B) Solidarity C) Izvestia D) Pravda
29)Despite the loosening of Soviet control over eastern Europe following
Stalinʹs death, what aspects of Soviet domination continued to be enforced?
A) Single-party dominance and military alignment with the Soviet Union
B) Centralized economic planning
C) Total rejection of Catholicism
D) Agricultural collectivization
30)What Russian leader significantly altered political, diplomatic, and
economic policies in the Soviet Union after 1985?
A) Yuri Andropov B) Leonid Brezhnev C) Mikhail Gorbachev D) Nikita
Krushchev
31)Which of the following was NOT considered a “hot spot” during the Cold
War? (hot spot meaning area of tension between the US and USSR)
A) Paris B) Berlin C) Vietnam D) The Korean Peninsula
32)In 1949, democracies in Europe and the Americas formed ___________ in
order to oppose the threat of communist aggression; the Soviet Union
responded by signing the _______ Pact in 1955 with members of Eastern
Europe.
A) the European Union; Warsaw
B) the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO); Warsaw
C) the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA); Paris
D) the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA); Warsaw
33)Americans introduced all of the following reforms to Japan during their
occupation EXCEPT
A) giving women the vote.
B) abolishing Shintoism as a state religion.
C) outlawing labor unions.
D) making the emperor a symbolic figurehead.
34)In 1949, communists led by this man achieved victory in China.
A) Chiang Kai-shek B) Ho Chi Minh C) Kim Il-Sung D) Mao Zedong
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35)In the 1960s, the United States waged an unsuccessful guerilla war in the
small Asian nation of _______; in the 1980s, the Soviet Union did the same
in the Middle Eastern nation of _________.
A) Korea; Iraq
B) Korea; Afghanistan
C) Vietnam; Afghanistan
D) Vietnam; Iraq
36)Maoʹs 1958 program of pushing industrialization through small-scale
projects integrated into the peasant communes was called
A) the May Fourth program.
B) ʺThousand Flowers Bloom.ʺ
C) the Great Leap Forward.
D) The Long March
37)A common technique among communist nations in the 20th century were
state-run economic development initiatives called
A) five-year plans B) Bolshevism C) Mass Lines D) shock therapy
38)The communist leader of North Vietnam from 1945-1969 was
A) Zhou Enlai B) Ho Chi Minh C) Chiang Kai-shek D) Deng Xiaoping
39)The term perestroika refers to
A)
B)
C)
D)
a new freedom to comment and criticize the Soviet government.
economic restructuring and more leeway for private ownership.
the Soviet space program.
the establishment of a liberal democracy.
40)In 1991, what occurred in East and West Germany?
A)
B)
C)
D)
The Berlin Wall was officially dismantled.
The tense “Berlin Crisis” began, which almost led to nuclear war.
East Germany boycotted the Summer Olympics held in Munich.
East and West Germany reunited, creating one German nation.
41)A communist revolution took place on this island nation in 1959, only 90
miles off the coast of the United States.
A) Hawaii B) Cuba C) Haiti D) Puerto Rico
42)The common thread running through all of the military regimes of Latin
America was
A) they were all supported by the United States.
B) they were all supported by the working populations.
C) they were all reform-minded.
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D) they were all nationalistic.
43)Which of the following statements concerning military governments in
Latin America after 1960 is most accurate?
A) Military governments tended to favor labor and the working classes at
the expense of the traditional oligarchy.
B) Political repression and torture were often used to silence critics.
C) None of the military governments was successful in introducing social
or economic reforms.
D) Military governments were uniformly surrogates for conservatives in
Latin American society.
44)Which of the following statements most accurately reflects the progress of
democratization in Latin America in the 1980s?
A) Despite return to democratic government in many Latin American
countries, problems with populist movements, threats from military
leaders, inflation, and the drug trade weakened the new regimes.
B) Once democratic governments were restored in much of Latin America,
the influence of the U.S. in the region began to wane.
C) The return of democracy to Latin America was so universal that
military governments ceased to exist.
D) Democratic governments in the 1980s ceased to be troubled by the
existence of leftist, guerilla movements.
45)What led to the U.S. return to more aggressive policies regarding Latin
America including direct military intervention following World War II?
A) The desire to contain communism and the cold war
B) The discovery of uranium in Mexico
C) The increasing intervention of Japan into Latin American economies
D) The alliance of many Latin American countries with fascist
governments during the war
46)Which of the following statements concerning women in Latin American
politics and society is most accurate?
A) Nowhere in Latin America did women achieve the right to vote before
1955.
B) Women tended to join the national political parties, where traditional
prejudices against women in public life limited their ability to influence
programs.
C) Women continued to be excluded from the Latin American
industrialized labor force, although they played a major role in
agricultural production.
D) Women were unwilling to challenge the traditions that kept them out of
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the political arena.
47)Besides Cuba, what country today is still communist?
A) Armenia B) Turkey C) Russia D) China
48)Why have ethnic rivalries and communal violence been endemic in
decolonized African states?
A) The level of civilization in Africa was more primitive at the time of
colonization.
B) Tribal life in Africa was traditionally more violent than other cultures.
C) Africans received training and weapons from European colonists.
D) Europeans hastily colonized Africa and established boundaries without
reference to ethnic groups or cultural homogeneity.
49)One of the most common elements of African and Asian governments since
decolonization is
A) the creation of liberal democracies.
B) military takeovers.
C) communism.
D) stable economic systems.
50)Who was brought to power in 1979 in Iran through a radical revolution?
A) Saddam Hussein B) Hosni Mubarak C) Ayatollah Khomeini
D) Gamal Abdul Nasser
51)Which of the following was NOT a common theme of the 20th century?
A) An international struggle between communism and democracy.
B) The pursuit of colonies by the world’s great Western powers.
C) Liberal movements in the western democracies that resulted in more
rights for minorities.
D) Violent global wars and extreme ideologies.
52)From 1948-1994, an intense policy of racial segregation and discrimination
was enforced by the government of South Africa. This policy was known as
A) apartheid B) Jim Crow laws C) Afrikaaner D) social Darwinism
53)What major event occurred in November 1989 that hastened the end of the
Cold War?
A) The Korean peninsula was reunited into one democratic state.
B) The USSR officially dissolved.
C) The Berlin Wall was dismantled.
D) Soviet troops withdrew from all Eastern Bloc nations.
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54)The increased interconnectedness of all parts of the world is called
A) gradualism B) universalism C) Spaceship Earth D) globalization
55)After the end of the cold war, which of the following countries remained a
superpower?
A) the United States B) Russia C) China D) Great Britain
56)What event is traditionally seen as the beginning of the Global War on
Terror?
A) The Al-Quaeda attacks on the World Trade Center in 1993.
B) The U.S.-led invasion of Iraq in 2003.
C) The Persian Gulf War of 1991.
D) The Al-Quaeda attacks on the World Trade Center in 2001.
57)Which of the following statements concerning the break-up of the USSR is
most accurate?
A) Though the Soviet Union officially dissolved in 1991, almost all of the
former Soviet Republics united to form the modern nation of Russia.
B) Though the Soviet Union officially dissolved in 1991, Russia’s
governing style and economic practices were still strongly communist.
C) Though the largest Soviet republic – Russia – abandoned communism
after 1991, many of the former Soviet republics in eastern Europe
continued to practice communism until the mid-1990s.
D) In 1991 the USSR formally dissolved and saw many former republics,
such as the Ukraine, Kazakhstan, and Russia become independent
nations.
58)What was the most fearful scenario in a full-scale war between the US and
USSR?
A) the use of nuclear weapons
B) assassination of national leaders
C) a long, drawn-out guerilla war on U.S. soil
D) a large and devastating global conflict similar to World War II
59)Which of the following is NOT a 21st century technology that is rapidly
changing society?
A) the Internet B) television C) cellular phones D) personal computers
60)The radicalization of what religion is seen as a threat to Western society
and ideals in the 21st century?
A) Christianity B) Hinduism C) Confucianism D) Islam
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Please answer the following on the back of your scantron. If your answer is not at
least four complete sentences, it will be counted WRONG!
61)In what ways was the Berlin Wall a strong and accurate symbol for the
larger Cold War?
62)Describe the political, social, and economic attributes of the so-called First
World, Second World, and Third World.
63)Describe some common themes in African and Latin American nations
from 1945-1991. These can be political, economic, and/or social themes.
64)Describe the differences between communist societies vs. democratic
societies.
65)List and describe several important results of World War II.
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66)The above image is most likely
A)
B)
C)
D)
a Japanese propaganda poster used in World War II.
a Chinese communist propaganda poster used in the 1950s.
a South Korean propaganda poster used during the Korean War.
an anti-American propaganda poster used during the Vietnam War.
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67)The pie chart above is most likely showing
A) different groups who immigrated to the United States in the 1940s.
B) the diverse ethnicity of the Soviet army in World War II.
C) the different ethnic groups who were victims of the Holocaust
perpetrated by Nazi Germany in the 1930s and 1940s.
D) the percentage of East Germans who fled to West Berlin before 1961.
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1914
1990
68)The two maps above best demonstrate
A) how Africa was rapidly decolonized by European powers after World
War II.
B) how Africa’s economy was ravaged by World War I.
C) the vast number of African troops that served in World War I.
D) that Belgium controlled the richest portions of Africa.
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69)The above picture is
A)
B)
C)
D)
a civil rights rally in the 1970s American south.
an anti-communist demonstration in 1970s West Berlin.
a Vietnam War protest on a 1970s college campus.
a women’s rights rally in 1970s America.
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70)The headline above is from a 1948 British newspaper, reporting the
founding of the new Israeli nation in the Middle East. How will most Arabs
react to the foundation of Israel?
A) Arabs will be vehemently opposed to the Jewish state and take up arms,
but be defeated by the Israeli army.
B) Arabs will be vehemently opposed to the Jewish state and take up arms,
forcing Israel to surrender claims to their Jewish homeland by 1950.
C) Though Arabs will be vehemently opposed to the founding of Israel,
they will take no direct military action until 1967.
D) Though uneasy about the new nation of Israel, most Arab states
recognize the new nation and set-up diplomatic relations.
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