Download Unit 8 - PowerPoints - The American Civil War

WARM UP # 4
• Based on the information that you learned with
your graphs last class how was the South able to
draw out the Civil War so long?
• They had less men, resources, access to
technology, so why did they not just fold
immediately?
THE
AMERICAN
CIVIL WAR
1861-1865
ESSENTIAL QUESTION
• What is the
ultimate legacy of
the Civil War?
BACKGROUND: ELECTION
AND SECESSION
• Election of 1860
– November 6, 1860
– Lincoln elected
• South Carolina secedes
– December 20, 1860
– The action of
withdrawing formally
from membership of
a political state
BACKGROUND: ELECTION
AND SECESSION
• By February 1861
– Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi,
Florida, Texas, and Louisiana
had left too
– Form the Confederate
States of America
(Confederacy)
• April-June 1861
– Virginia, North Carolina,
Tennessee and Arkansas join
CAUSES
• Economic differences between
North and South
• Slavery
• Amount of power from the
federal government
A DIVIDED NATION
C O M PA R I N G N O RT H E R N A N D S O U T H E R N S O C I E T I E S
• North had triple the population of the
South
• South had 9 million people but
3 million were slaves
• More money
• Average Southerner not as
wealthy as average Northerner
• 90% of American industry and
railroads were in the North
• Most other countries recognized the
Union as the government in America
• Fewer immigrants
THE LEADERS
ABRAHAM
LINCOLN
• 16th president
• Opposed expansion
of slavery
• Led Union during
Civil War
JEFFERSON DAVIS
• President of Confederate
States of America
– Not very effective as
President
• Had served as US Secretary
of War (and as a senator and
Representative)
STRATEGIES
N O RT H | A N AC O N DA P L A N S O U T H | K I N G C OT TO N
D I P L O M AC Y
• Blockade the South to stop
trade
• Control the Mississippi River
• Divide and isolate sections of
the South
• Defensive strategy
• Try to ally with Britain and
France, must show the
Confederacy is strong
• Attack Union territory to draw
Union troops out of the South
THE EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION
J A N U A RY 1 , 1 8 6 3
• Issued by Lincoln
• Granted freedom to all slaves from
states that were in rebellion against
the union
– Slaves from union-supporting
border states were not granted
freedom
• Confederacy claimed Lincoln could
not issue laws for states of which he
didn’t have control
• Video
THE GETTYSBURG ADDRESS
NOVEMBER 19, 1863
• After the Battle of Gettysburg
– Union victory, General Lee from the
Confederacy was forced to retreat
– Nearly 5,000 killed and 18,000
wounded or missing
• Lincoln arrived to dedicate the
battlefield to the fallen soldiers of
the war
– He never said the words, “slavery”,
“confederate” or “union”
– He emphasized healing and working
toward the ideals found in the
Declaration of Independence
THE GETTYSBURG ADDRESS
NOVEMBER 19, 1863
• 272 words, yet
considered one of the
greatest speeches in
American History
• Here’s why:
– https://www.youtube.com
/watch?v=BvA0J_2ZpIQ
SURRENDER AT APPOMATTOX
APRIL 9, 1865
• Lee surrendered his army
• The Confederate army
was significantly
diminished
• Grant allowed the
southerners to return home
with their horses as a sign of
respect
• All confederate troops had
surrendered by April 26
ASSASSINATION OF LINCOLN
APRIL 14, 1865
• Lincoln was attending a play
at Ford’s Theatre in DC
• Shot in the back of the head
by John Wilkes Booth
• Booth was a loyal
Confederate
– He thought if he killed
Lincoln the South could
triumph
• Video
• The Aftermath of the Assassination
LEGACY OF THE WAR
• Bloodiest war in US history
• More than 600,000 killed
• Led to the 13th, 14th, and 15th
Amendments
• Abolished slavery
• Established the supremacy
of the federal government
• Video