Download Databases - HSLS - University of Pittsburgh

Locating Gene/Protein Information
January 11, 2011
Ansuman Chattopadhyay, PhD
Head, Molecular Biology Information Services
Health Sciences Library System
University of Pittsburgh
[email protected]
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/molbio
Objectives

Generate a gene list

Mine gene/protein information
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/molbio
Topics

Literature Informatics

Gene / Protein Information
Gateways

Search Engine for MolBio /
Bioinformatics Databases
and Software
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/molbio
Topics

Literature Informatics
 Comprehensive search:



MESH term based PubMed Search
PubMed Special topics query
Next-generation literature search tools:



Gopubmed
GLAD4U
HugeNavigator
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Literature Informatics
Which genes/proteins are reported to be
associated with the disease - Schizophrenia?
Citations: 19 million
Journals: 5200
Schizophrenia: 86,384.. 96234
Schizophrenia gene: 5851…7295
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Challenges in Literature Search


Am I getting everything?
Too much Information.. How to digest?
A list with citations
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Medical Subject Heading (MESH)
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
The U.S. National Library of
Medicine's controlled
vocabulary (thesaurus)
Arranged in a hierarchical
manner called the MeSH Tree
Structures
Updated annually
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
MeSH Vocabulary

Headings


over 24,000 representing concepts found in the biomedical
literature (Body Weight, Kidney, Radioactive Waste)
Subheadings

attached to headings to describe a specific aspect of a concept
(adverse effects , metabolism, diagnosis, therapy)

Supplementary Concept Records


over 172,000 terms in a separate chemical thesaurus -updated
weekly (cordycepin , valspodar , tacrolimus binding protein 4)
Publication Types
(Letter, Review, Randomized Controlled Trial)
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
MeSH Tree Structure



A. Anatomy
B. Organisms
C. Diseases
D. Chemical and Drugs
E. Analytical, Diagnostic and
Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment
F. Psychiatry and Psychology
G. Biological Sciences
H. Physical Sciences
I. Anthropology, Education,
Sociology and Social Phenomena
J. Technology and Food and Beverages
K. Humanities
L. Information Science
M. Persons
N. Health Care
V. Publication Characteristics
Z. Geographic Locations
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
MeSH Indexing
Source: NLM
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
MeSH Indexing
Genes/Chemicals
MeSH Terms
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
PubMed Query Using MeSH
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Find articles on “Dengue outbreaks
in India” by searching PubMed
using Mesh terms
Resources
•Mesh Browser : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh
•PubMed: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed
Link to the video tutorial:
http://media.hsls.pitt.edu/media/molbiovideos/pubmedsearch1.swf
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/molbio
Building PubMed Queries
Term
Boolean
Term
Boolean
Dengue
AND
Outbreaks
823
Dengue *
AND
Outbreaks
746
Dengue
AND
Outbreaks
AND
India
131
Dengue*
AND
Outbreaks
AND
India
116
Dengue
AND
Outbreaks/
AND
statistics and
numerical
data
India
7
Dengue*
AND
Outbreaks/
statistics
and
numerical
data
India
7
AND
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Term
# papers
Useful links for MESH


MESH Browser: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh
Link to Wikipedia, Youtube videos, blogs etc on “medical
subject heading”:


18 ways to improve your Pubmed searches by Carrie
Iwema


http://www.kosmix.com/topic/Medical_Subject_Headings?
http://bitesizebio.com/2008/03/05/18-ways-to-improve-yourpubmed-searches/
Searching by using the MeSH Database. NCBI
Handbook :

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=helppubmed
&part=pubmedhelp#pubmedhelp.Searching_by_using_t
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Find genes that are reported to be
associated with the disease
SCHIZOPHRENIA by searching PubMed
Resources
•PubMed Clinical Queries: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/clinical
Link to the video tutorial:
http://media.hsls.pitt.edu/media/molbiovideos/pubmedsearch2.swf
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/molbio
Topic-Specific PubMed Queries
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/special_queries.html
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Research on Optimal Search Strategies
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
PubMed Special Topic Queries
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Search Filters
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
PubMed Search Filter: Medical Genetics

("schizophrenia"[MeSH Terms] OR
"schizophrenia"[All Fields]) AND (("genetics,
medical"[MeSH Terms] OR ("genetics"[All
Fields] AND "medical"[All Fields]) OR "medical
genetics"[All Fields] OR ("medical"[All Fields]
AND "genetics"[All Fields])) OR
("genotype"[MeSH Terms] OR "genotype"[All
Fields]) OR "genetics"[Subheading] AND
("genetics"[Subheading] OR "genetics"[All
Fields] OR "genetics"[MeSH Terms]))
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
PubMed Search Result Display
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Latest Innovations in Literature Searching

GoPubMed
Display search results
sorted into meaningful
topics and subtopics
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
GoPubMed
www.gopubmed.com
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Find genes that are reported to be
associated with the disease
SCHIZOPHRENIA by using GoPubMed
Resources
• GoPubMed: http://www.gopubmed.org/web/gopubmed/2?WEB10O00h00100090000
Link to the video tutorial:
http://media.hsls.pitt.edu/media/clres2705/gopubmed.swf
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/molbio
GoPubMed Search Result
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
GoPubMed Search Result Analysis
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
GoPubMed Search Result Analysis
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Latest Innovations in Literature Searching
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
PubMed driven Web Tools
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/CBBresearch/Lu/search/
Literature to Gene List

GLAD4U

http://bioinfo.vanderbilt.edu/glad4u/
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Gene list to common functions
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Literature to Gene list
http://www.quertle.info/
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
NIH Grant Applications to Gene List
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Curated Molecular Databases
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Molecular Databases




Nucleic Acids Research : Annual databases Issue
NAR: Annual Web Server Issue
Oxford Journal : Bioinformatics
BioMedCentral: BMC Bioinformatics
Growth of bioinformatics tools
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Growth of Molecular Databases
2011: 1330
2008: 1078
Source: Nodal Point Blog
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
GWA Studies Catalog
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
GWA Studies Catalog
http://www.genome.gov/gwastudies/
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Search Engine Just for Human Genetics
CDC HuGENavigator : http://hugenavigator.net/
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Find human genes that are reported to be
associated with the Asthma
Find human SNPs that are reported to be
associated with the Asthma
Resources
• HugeNavigator:
http://hugenavigator.net/HuGENavigator/home.do
Link to the video tutorial:
http://media.hsls.pitt.edu/media/clres2705/asthma.swf
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/molbio
Search Engine Just for Human Genetics
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Search Engine Just for Human Genetics
CDC HuGENavigator : http://hugenavigator.net/
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Search Engine Just for Human Genetics
http://hugenavigator.net/HuGENavigator/huGEPedia.do
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Search Engine Just for Human Genetics
CDC HuGENavigator : http://hugenavigator.net/
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Find Disease Causing SNPs
http://hugenavigator.net/HuGENavigator/gWAHitStartPage.do
What SNPs are associated
with “Schizophrenia”?
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Hands-On exercise on lit search

Which proteins are related to Alzheimer’s disease?

Where/who are the leading centers and scientists for
liver transplantation?

Which hormones are Autistic Disorder associated
with?
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Gene/Protein
Information Mining
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Bioinformatics Databases & Software Providers

National Center for Biotechnology
Information (NCBI)




Home page
Site map
Resource Guide
European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI)



Home page
Databases
Software
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Gene Information Gateways
o
Open access resources:

National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)


Genbank
Refseq
 Entrez


Gene
Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO)
OMIM
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Protein Information Hubs
o
Open access resources:

European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI)

Uniprot

Interpro
Prosite
STRING



UCSC Genome Bioinformatics


BLAT Search
Gene Detail Page
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Protein Information Hubs
o
Open access resources:

National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)





Refseq
Entrez Gene
Conserved Domain Database (CDD)
Molecular Modeling Database (MMDB)
3D structure viewer: Cn3D
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Gene/Protein Information
Chromosomal location, mRNA,
genomic seq, orthologs, paralogs,
regulatory elements,
Amino acid seq, domain architecture,
protein structure, post translational modifications
Gene expression, biological pathways,
protein interaction map, disease association, biomarkers
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Gene Questions ?
What is its genomic seq?
How many splice varients are there?
What are its intron-exon architechure?
What is its function?
Which tissues it expressed ?
What are its neighboring genes?
What diseases are
associated with it?
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
How can I get
its cDNA clone?
NCBI : Entrez Gene
Chromosomal
Localization
Amino acid
Genomic mRNA Sequence
Sequence
Sequence
Homologous
Sequences
Expression
Profile
Disease
3D Structure
SNP
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Interacting
Partners
Entrez Gene
Find:
 gene symbols and aliases
 sequences: genomic, mRNA, protein
 intron-exon architecture
 genomic context: neighboring and antisense
genes
 Interacting partners
 associated gene ontology terms: function,
cellular component and biological process
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Entrez Gene

a searchable database of genes, from RefSeq
genomes, and defined by sequence and/or
located in the NCBI Map Viewer

Statistics



Gene: 7974 organisms
Genbank: 160,000 organisms
each record represents a single gene from a
given organism
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
NCBI Sequence Databases

GenBank


GenPept


archival database of nucleotide sequences
from >160,000 organisms More info
conceptual translation of GenBank CDS
Refseq

based on GenBank record, non-redundant
expert verified databases of reference
sequences
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
International Nucleotide Sequence Database
Collaboration
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Primary Vs Derivative databases
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
RefSeq Scope & Accessions

Genomic DNA



NC_123456 - complete genome, complete
chromosome, complete plasmid
NG_123456 - genomic region
NT_123456 - genomic contig

mRNA - NM_123456
Protein - NP_123456

more about RefSeq scope and accessions...

http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
RefSeq Status Codes




Provisional
Reviewed
Predicted
Genome Annotation

more about RefSeq status codes
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Hands on

Find mRNA sequence for your gene of
interest (p53, BRCA1, EGFR, PLCg1)

Start page:


Entrez core nucleotide
Use Limits, History and Preview Index
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Sequence Format

GenBank




Header
Features
Sequence
FASTA

Sequence

Example: U49845
Sample GenBank record
Sequence Revision History tool


http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Video Tutorials
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/molbio/videos?c=3
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Find mRNA Sequence for Reelin Gene.
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Gene Function
What is its function?
Entrez Gene Page:
Summary (TOC)
Gene Ontology
GeneRIFs
Pathways (TOC)
Biosystems (Links)
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Gene Ontology (GO)

Controlled vocabulary tagging
•
Function
Biological Processes
Cellular Component
•
•
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG

GO



information page
GO evidence codes
KEGG

Information page
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Function
How many splice variants are there?
What is/are its sequence?
Entrez Gene Page:
Genomic regions…
(TOC)
UCSC (Links)
Video Tutorials
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Alternative Splicing
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Intron-Exon Coordinates
What are its intron-exon architechure?
Entrez Gene
Page:
Display
Change it from
Full report to
Gene Table
Video Tutorials
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Neighboring Genes
What are its neighboring genes?
Entrez Gene Page:
Genomic context
(TOC)
Video Tutorials
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Chromosomal location
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Associated Diseases
What diseases are
associated with it?
Entrez Gene
Page:TOC
•General
Information_Phe
notype
Links
OMIM
HuGE Navigator
Video Tutorials
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Homologene
What are its homologous genes?
Entrez Gene Page:
Link
Homologene
change Display
settings
Video Tutorials
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Reagents
How can I get its cDNA clone?
..antibodies? .. siRNA ?
Entrez Gene Page:
TOC:
Additional Links
Research Materias
Exact Antigen
Video Tutorials
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics

Protein Information Gateways
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
UniprotKB :

Universal Protein Resource : a comprehensive, centralized protein
information resource

Developed by a consortium:

European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI)
the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB)
the Protein Information Resource (PIR)

Comprised of:


--Swiss-Prot: biologist-curated annotation data
--TrEMBL: computationally annotation data
--PIR-International Protein Sequence Database (PIR-PSD): the most comprehensive
and expertly-curated protein sequence database in the public domain for over 20 years.

Funded by: NIH, NSF, the European Union and the Swiss Federal

government
Link to Wiki, YouTube, Blogs and Tweets:
http://www.kosmix.com/topic/uniprot?
Tutorial Video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TCF3qWn7siI&feature=youtube_gdata
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Protein Questions ?
What is its
Function?
Amino acid sequence?
… molecular wt? isoelectric point (PI)?
…post translational modifications?
… presence of domain/pattern/profile?
… hydrophobicity?
… homologous orthologs? Etc.
Structure?
… secondary and tertiary?
Interaction Partner?
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Uniprot Video Tutorial
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/molbio/videos/play?v=19
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Protein Function from UniprotKB

Uniprot Search:
Look under:
general annotation_Function, ontologies_keywords, geneontology
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Protein Sequence
Uniprot
• Sequence
annotations
• sequences
Gene
• Genomic
regions,
transcripts,
and products
• ccds
(consensus
cds report)
UCSC
• Sequence and
links
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Protein Sequence Analysis
PTM
• Uniprot
• Seq annt
• IPA
• Modifications and
Regulation
PI/MW
Hydrophobicity
• Uniprot
• Uniprot
• Seq_Tool
• Compute PI
• Seq_Tool
• ProtScale
Peptide
Digest
Homolog
ous Seq
Domain/patt
ern
• Uniprot
• Uniprot
• Seq_Tools
• PeptideMas
s
• PeptideCutt
er
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
• Entrez
Gene
• Homologe
ne
• Sequence
annotation
• InterPro
• Entrez gene
• Conserved
Domain
Protein Domain Resources
Protein Domain Databases:
InterPro
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Protein Domains

Wikipedia:

A protein domain is a part of protein sequence and
structure that can evolve, function, and exist independently
of the rest of the protein chain. Each domain forms a
compact three-dimensional structure and often can be
independently stable and folded. Many proteins consist of
several structural domains. One domain may appear in a
variety of evolutionarily related proteins. Domains vary in
length from between about 25 amino acids up to 500 amino
acids in length. The shortest domains such as zinc fingers
are stabilized by metal ions or disulfide bridges. Domains
often form functional units, such as the calcium-binding EF
hand domain of calmodulin.
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Protein Domain: SH3

Src homology 3 domains; SH3 domains bind to proline-rich ligands
with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs;
they play a role in the regulation of enzymes by intramolecular
interactions, changing the subcellular localization of signal pathway
components and mediate multiprotein complex assemblies.
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Protein Structure
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
Quarternary
Taken from wikipedia
Useful links: http://www.kosmix.com/topic/protein_structure?
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Protein Structure
NCBI
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Finding Protein Structure
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Structure Databases and Viewer

Databases:

RCSB Protein Data Bank (PDB)





MMDB


State University of New Jersey (Rutgers),
the San Diego Supercomputer Center at the University of California San
Diego,
the University of Wisconsin-Madison
Link http://www.kosmix.com/topic/protein_data_bank?
NCBI's structure database is called MMDB (Molecular Modeling DataBase), and it is a
subset of three-dimensional structures obtained from the Protein Data Bank (PDB),
excluding theoretical models..
Viewer:

Cn3D :



a helper application for your web browser that allows you to view 3-dimensional
structures from NCBI's Entrez retrieval service.
Rasmol: EBI
First glance in j mol : A simple tool for macromolecular visualization. (More..)
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Protein Structure

Search for the 3D structure of P53


Entrez structure
View the crystal structure of mouse p53 core
domain (MMDB: 42987) or Crystal Structure
Of A P53 Core Dimer Bound To Dna (
PDB:2GEQ)
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Manipulating the Structure Viewer Window
Find Similar Structure: NCBI VAST
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
NCBI BLink

BLink ("BLAST Link") displays the results of
BLAST searches that have been done for
every protein sequence in the Entrez Proteins
data domain.

To access it, follow the BLink link displayed
beside any hit in the results of an Entrez
Proteins search.
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Hands-on Protein Structure

View the crystal structure of Chronophin (PDB
entry: 2P69).

A variant of this protein with mutations in its amino acid sequence
has been isolated. Can you predict any effect of its mutations into
its function?

Hint: Find the amino acid residues which are in close contact (3.5 A) with
PYRIDOXAL-5'-PHOSPHATE (PLP).


Label the amino acids and save the picture in PNG format.
Learn more on Chronophin structure at:
http://kb-dev.psi-structuralgenomics.org/KB/archives.jsp?pageshow=3
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Hands-on Protein Structure of Chronophin
http://kb-dev.psi-structuralgenomics.org/KB/archives.jsp?pageshow=3
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Sequence Alignment in Cn3D
NCBI
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Hands-On

Can you identify the human protein which contains a
short peptide sequence:
GPDGMPVIYHGHTLTTKIKFSDVLHTIKE ?







What is its function?
What is its calculated PI and molecular wt?
Which region of this protein is most hydrophobic?
Locate five experimentally verified S/T/Y phosphorylation sites present in this
protein.
Find the homologous mouse and fruit fly orthologs of this human protein and
report the % protein identity it shares with these orthologs.
How many protein domains are reported to be present in this human protein?
Find the location of its largest domain.
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Licensed Tools for Gene/Protein Information
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
HSLS Licensed Tools
BioBase
 Metacore
 Ingenuity IPA

http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Gene/Protein facts from Biobase
http://goo.gl/9wpwG
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
BioBase BioKnowledge Library
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Protein Function from IPA
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Search Engine for Bioinformatics Tools
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Biomedical and Life Sciences Search Engines
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OBRC : University of Pittsburgh
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics/obrc
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Vadlo
http://vadlo.com/
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OReFil : University of Tokyo
http://orefil.dbcls.jp/
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Search.HSLS.MolBio
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/molbio
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Search.HSLS.MolBio
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Integrated search system
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Databases & Software
Articles on Databases & Software
Genes/Proteins
Pathways
Protocols
Seminar/Talks Videos
Recommended Articles
Tabbed browsing
Clustered search results
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Search term: “phosphorylation”
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Molecular Databases and Software:
search term: “Phosphorylation”
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Search Result Page
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Citation Trackers
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Searh PubMed Articles on Databases and
Software : “phosphorylation”
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Articles on Databases and Software
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Articles on Prediction of Phosphorylation
Sites
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Prediction of Phosphorylation Sites
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
MetaPredPS
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Clustering Remix
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Genes/Proteins Info
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Entrez Gene
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
BioBase Knowledge Library
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Protocols:
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Seminar Talks Video
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Seminar Talks Video
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Recommended Articles
Faculty of 1000 Biology: a literature awareness tool that
highlights and reviews the most interesting papers published
in the biological sciences, based on the recommendations of a
faculty of well over 2300 selected leading researchers.
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Faculty of 1000
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Recommended Articles
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Recommended Articles
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/guides/genetics
Thank you!
Any questions?
Carrie Iwema
[email protected]
412-383-6887
Ansuman Chattopadhyay
[email protected]
412-648-1297
http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/molbio