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Name_____________________________ Class Pd_______ Riney US History Chap 7: WWI and its Aftermath 2015-16 A completed test review will be worth up to 5 pts on test AND a 100 pt daily grade Use Chap14 Packet and Chap 14 Notes and Chap 14 in “American Republic” to complete this review. DO NOT rely ONLY on this test review only to study for test. There will be questions from packet/notes etc. that are not necessarily listed on this review!!!!! A completed test review will earn you the right to complete test corrections after the test is scored. Only those who turn in a COMPLETED test review and a COMPLETE Chap 14 packet will be given the opportunity to do test corrections IF YOU ARE ABSENT ON TEST DAY – THIS TEST REVIEW WILL ONLY COUNT FOR EXTRA PTS AND TEST CORRECTION ABILITY IF TEST IS MADE UP ACCORDING TO MHS POLICY AS WRITTEN IN STUDENT HANDBOOK. - # OF DAYS ABSENT + 1. Test corrections will be offered on your own time (before/after class – not during class) Test corrections must be completed within 4 calendar days of taking test. Each test question correction will be worth 50 percent of original and can earn students a maximum grade of 70. Powerpoint online: http://classroom.misd.org/default.aspx?CindyRiney/Home I. Who to know: Franz Ferdinand General Pershing German-American J. Edgar Hoover Woodrow Wilson Alvin York red Czar Nicholas II Herbert Hoover Vladimir Lenin Bernard Baruch American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) Central Powers Allies Henry Cabot Lodge woman doughboy George Creel 1. __________________________ I am the 28th President of the US. I was reelected in 1916 because I kept American out of War. In 1917 I asked Congress to declare war against Germany. 2. __________________________ I am any American soldier in WWI 3. __________________________ I am the head of the Food Administration. I encouraged Americans to conserve food by doing with less 4. __________________________ I am a journalist who headed the Committee on Public Information 5. __________________________ I am the head of the War Industries Board. 6. __________________________ Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire, Bulgaria 7. __________________________ I am the last monarch of Russia. I abdicated my throne as a result of the Bolshevik Revolution. My country was then led into Communism by the Bolsheviks. 8. __________________________ I am the commander of the American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) in WWI. I became a national hero when I led the troops that broke through German lines in the Battle of Argonne Forest 9. __________________________ I am the heir to the Austria-Hungarian throne. I was assassinated by a Bosnian Serb. My assassination sparked the start of WWI. 10. __________________________ 1917. I advocate Communism. I am a Bolshevik who took over the Russian Government in Nov. 11. __________________________ I am head of the General Intelligence Division (became FBI). I was an aggressive hunter of “reds” in the US – suspecting that there was a Communist conspiracy brewing in the US 12. __________________________ Originally, I was France, Britain, Italy, Russia ++. In 1917, Russia withdrew, and the US joined 13. __________________________ I am any Communist 14. __________________________ I am the US Senator who led the opposition to the ratification of the Treaty of Versailles because it contained the League of Nations provision. He claimed that membership in the League of Nations could entangle the US in foreign wars. 15. __________________________ I officially served in the military (Navy) for the first time in WWI – noncombat positions of course. 16. __________________________ I am a US citizen who was persecuted during WWI fearing that I might spy for America’s arch enemy in WWI. 17. __________________________ I am the most decorated American Soldier in WWI. I won the Medal of Honor for leading an attack on a German machine gun nest, taking 32 machine guns, killing as many as 25 German soldiers and capturing 132 German soldiers during the US led portion of the Battle of Argonne Forest. 18. __________________________ We are the official American fighting force in WWI II. Mobilization (prep. for war) Agencies in WWI Food Administration Fuel Administration National War Labor Board War Industries Board Committee on Public Information 19. __________________________ This org. provided propaganda to “sell the war” and rally citizen support for all aspects of the war effort. It was led by George Creel who combined education and a widespread advertising campaign to spread the sales message. 20. __________________________ This org. organized industry to increase efficiency and to maximize production. It was headed by Bernard Baruch and it determined what products industries would make, where they went, and how much they would cost. 21. __________________________ This org. supervised agricultural production, promoted food conservation and rationing. It was led by Herbert Hoover who encouraged Americans to “hooverize” and instituted “wheatless Mondays and Wednesdays”, “meatless Tuesdays” and 22. __________________________ This org. increased production of coal and oil, maintained conservation of fuel with such innovations as daylight savings time 23. __________________________ This org. maintained cooperation between industry management and labor unions, acted as mediator to prevent and quickly settle disputes III. WWI Technology Rapid Firing Machine Gun Flamethrower Poison Gas Tanks Submarines (U Boats) Airplanes Artillery Field Guns 24. __________________________ This armored vehicle ran on caterpillar treads and were built of steel allowing bullets to bounce off. It was built to go over rough ground and barbed wire and had limited success in maneuvering over the trenches. 25. __________________________ This weapon could fire as many as 600 bullets per minute. Because it made a direct assault difficult, it is largely responsible for keeping WWI soldiers in the trenches during the War. The problem? Old strategy, new technology! 26. __________________________ These long-range cannons caused more casualties than any other type of weapon. Their range and fire-power led to increased civilian casualties as well as livestock and property destruction. 27. __________________________ This chemical weapon was used to sicken, suffocate, burn, blind or kill its victims, forcing soldiers to wear masks. Varieties such as chlorine, phosgene, and mustard were used 28. __________________________ This weapon made long-range reconnaissance possible and was also used for bombing and dog-fighting 29. __________________________ These naval weapons, though not new, were greatly enhanced during WWI and used torpedoes as well as on-deck guns to sink ships 30. __________________________ This new weapon was used to destroy the enemy by launching burning fuel which set fire both to men and their surroundings. It was most effective for the terror it created, causing panic in enemy lines which could then be exploited. IV. Important Acts, Actions and major events in and after WWI Espionage Act Sedition Act Schenk v. US (1919) The Great Migration Selective Service Act Race Riots Treaty of Versailles League of Nations Liberty Bonds Treaty of Brest-Litovsk Palmer Raids Zimmermann telegram Convoy System Sussex Pledge Red Scare Fourteen Points Democracy Battle of Argonne Forest Unrestricted Submarine Warfare 31. __________________________ Following the sinking of a French passenger liner in 1916 in which Americans were injured, Germany pledges to suspend unrestricted submarine warfare – in other words, they promise to sink no more merchant/passenger ships without warming 32. __________________________ Created in 1917, this Act led to a form of conscription in the US. All men between 21-30 (age 18 today) must register with this civilian-run organization, and a random lottery determines the order in which men are drafted into the military. 33. __________________________ This Supreme Court Case states that individuals freedom of speech can be limited when words constitute a “clear and present danger” 34. __________________________ This act placed limits on free speech by making it illegal to make public expression of opposition to war, the President, or the gov’t 35. __________________________ These broke out in northern US cities after WWI as US soldiers returning from Europe competed for jobs and housing with black Americans. 36. __________________________ This act imposed penalties and prison terms for giving aid to the enemy. Also for disloyalty (draft-dodging), giving false reports and interfering with the war effort 37. __________________________ This treaty formally ended WWI. The US did not sign it, instead made separate peace treaties with each Central Power Nation 38. __________________________ This was an organization created after WWI whose goal it was to preserve peace and prevent future wars by pledging to respect and protect each country’s territory and political independence. Wilson favored US participation in the organization, but this idea was rejected by the Senate – they considered it an entangling alliance that could pull the US into foreign wars 39. __________________________ This population shift brought black Americans from the rural south to the northern cities – permanently changing the racial make-up of many northern cities 40. __________________________ This was Germany’s policy of sinking merchant/passenger ships without warning (against int’l treaty). Germany’s resumption of this policy in 1917 was one issue that brought the US into WWI 41. __________________________ In this decisive battle that began in Sept 1918, American forces under General John Pershing shattered German defenses and opened a hole in German lines leading to the eventual armistice. 42. __________________________ This was the 1918 treaty between Germany and Russia which was a terrible blow to the Allies in WWI. Russia pulled out of the war granting Germany some Russian territory in exchange for Germany’s removal of troops from the rest of Russian territory 43. __________________________ This refers to an era between 1917-1917 marked by extreme anticommunism in the US – a fear that communism would upset the capitalist ideals of the US. This fear of communism led to limits on immigration – as immigrants were blamed for importing radical ideas from their original country 44. __________________________ These were conducted by the FBI and were focused on foreign residents and immigrants – aimed at uncovering evidence of a communist conspiracy. Those who were accused were often denied their civil liberties – some even deported 45. __________________________ These were advocated by President Wilson after WWI and were intended to be implemented as a means to ease international tensions and prevent war. 46. __________________________ This was Germany’s offer to Mexico suggesting that if Mexico ally itself with Germany, in the event of a Central Powers victory, Mexico would be granted its lost US territory (TX, NM, AZ) 47. __________________________ The US government paid for WWI partly through a variety of tax increases (income taxes, corporate taxes, extra tax on profits of arms manufacturers). However, the most effective “fundraiser” was through the sale of these. 48. __________________________ According to President Wilson, this was the key to world peace because it fosters stability and prosperity. Also, countries with this type of government system tend not to attack each other. 49. __________________________ Because of this, no US troop ships were lost on the way to Europe. This system involved groups of merchant or troop ships traveling together with a naval escort V. Questions 50. List the causes of WWI (the causes that led to the breakout of war in EUROPE) 51. List reasons why most Americans supported the Allied Powers in Europe (this was before US entry into WWI). 52. List the two major causes of US Entry into WWI 53. How did the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia benefit the Central Powers? 54. As a result of WWI, which empires were broken up or greatly weakened? (4) V. Content Vocabulary WWI and its Aftermath Across 4. a long narrow ditch in the ground that is used as protection for soldiers ________ 5. to expel an individual from the country ________ 7. the spreading of ideas about an institution or individual for the purpose of influencing opinion ________ 8. a union or association formed for mutual benefit, especially between countries ________ 10. a garden planted by civilians during war to raise vegetables for home use, leaving more of other food for the troops ________ 11. a policy of aggressive military preparedness ________ 12. goods whose importation, exportation, or possession is illegal ________ 14. a group that travels with something, such as a ship, to protect it ________ 15. payment by the losing country in a war to the winner for the damages caused by the war ________ Down 1. the cost of purchasing goods and services essential for survival ________ 2. a strike involving all the workers in a particular geographic location ________ 3. the free choice by the people of a nation of their own future political status ________ 6. spying, especially to gain government secrets ________ 9. a temporary agreement to end fighting ________ 13. the actions used by one nation to exercise political or economic control over a smaller or weaker nation ________