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International Journal of Recent Advances in Engineering & Technology (IJRAET) _______________________________________________________________________________________________ Artificial Intelligence A Review on Role of Expert System in Various Fields 1 Pradyumna Pattanaik, 2Asish Ku Jena, 3Sulagna Mohanty 1,2,3 Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Centurion University of Technology & Management , Jatni, BBSR Abstract : This paper lights up expert systems (ES) procedures and functions and using a literature review in order to explore how ES procedure and functions have developed. From the first application until now, expert systems are providing solutions to multiple problems in fields of all types. This paper analysises and classifies ES functions using the following four categories: rule-based systems, knowledge-based systems, neural networks, fuzzy expert system. Our results show gaining popularity on the part of Fuzzy Expert Systems and Neural Expert System Discussion is presented, demonstrate the followings future development directions for ES procedure and applications: (1) ES procedure are given to develop towards skill orientation and ES applications development is a problem-aligned domain. (2) It is suggested that different social science techniques could implement ES as another kind of methodology. (3) The ability to frequently change and achieve new understanding is the active power of ES techniques, and should be the ES application of future works. Keywords—Diagnosis & Troubleshooting of Devices, Planning and Scheduling, Financial Decision Making, Process Monitoring, Control Design and Manufacturing, I. INTRODUCTION Expert system in the field of Artificial Intelligence is a computer application created to give problem related suggestion s, solve critical problems .These were developed by the AI community in the mid-60s. It works on complicated computional logics .This paper has built on the different serving areas of expert system like Diagnosis Systems , Monitoring ,Process Control , Scheduling & Planning. Artificial intelligence indicates to the capability to perform the intelligent functions of the human brain. In the field of Ai, an ES is a computer application that have the decision making ability like a human expert. Expert systems are designed to solve critical problems by reasoning about knowledge as if–then rules rather than through conventional procedural code. The ability of an expert system derives from its knowledge on the particular problem. Expert system is a wing of applied artificial intelligence. Which were developed by the Artificial Intelligence community in the mid-60s. An ES is a computer program that is designed to hold the aggregate knowledge of one or more experts . The basic idea behind ES is expertise , which is the body of effort-specific knowledge, is sent from a human expert to a computer. This knowledge is very important, then stored in the computer and pc users call the computer for some specific advice. The computer can build inferences at a specific conclusion. Then like a human consultanty , it gives advices as well as explains, if it needs, the logic behind the advice and explains. II. DIAGNOSIS & TROUBLESHOOTING OF DEVICES Diagnosis is concerned with the improvement of algorithms and techniques that are capable to determine whether the act of a system is correct. If the system is not working correctly, the algorithm should be able to resolve, as exactly as possible, which section of the system is failing, and which type of error it is facing. The calculation is based on inspection, which provide information on the present behavior . The term Diagnosis also specify the answer of the question of whether the system is defective or not, and to the method of computing the answer. This word comes from the medical background where a diagnosis is the technique of identifying a disease by its symptoms. Model-based diagnosis III. PLANNING AND SCHEDULING Planning and Scheduling is a branch of AI that is concerned with the understanding of action sequences, _______________________________________________________________________________________________ ISSN (Online): 2347 - 2812, Volume-4, Issue -10, 2016 32 International Journal of Recent Advances in Engineering & Technology (IJRAET) _______________________________________________________________________________________________ commonly for execution by intelligent operator, autonomous robots and unmanned vehicles . In fixed and deterministic environments that can be easily shaped, automated planning can be performed offline. Solutions can be found and evaluated previous to execution. However, in unknown, changing and non-deterministic environments, the strategy often needs to be improved online. Models & approach need to be adapted. Result usually resort to iterative trial and error processes commonly seen in AI. IV. FINANCIAL DECISION MAKING Important benefits in using an expert system are the equality of knowledge and a possibility of its development over time. If an expert system is used in serving help while calculating risks of investment in a firm, then every related parameter is treated with special care, without a fear that some situation could be differently predicted by various experts, or that some significant parameters would not be taken into review. If any new parameter is essential for a company, then it is combined to the knowledge base and is taken into review during the decision-making process. This type of knowledge can forward and be improved fastly , so the knowledge bases of such expert systems are relevant means for its control, improvement and reusability. Financial decision making involves decisions regarding financial related issues like determining the correct amount of funds to employ in a firm , selecting projects and capital amount analysis. Decision Making Process The steps in decision making process are: • Gathering information, • Recalling knowledge and prior experiences, V. PROCESS MONITORING Process monitoring is the direction of sensor measurements to identify the state of the processes. The machine tool operator daily performs monitoring tasks, like visually detecting missing and broken tools and detecting chatter from the uses sound it generates. The state of composite process is monitored by mature signal processing of sensor measurements that typically involved the starting point or artificial intelligence techniques. Process control is the direction of process variables to regulate the processes. Machine tool operators operates online and off-line process control by modifying feeds and speeds to censor chatter, lunch an emergency stop in response to a tool stopage event, and rewrite a part program to increase the base of cut to minimize burr formation. Below Figure clearly clarify the advantages of process monitoring and control. A trend toward more recurring product changes has driven research in the fields of rearrange machining systems . Process monitoring technology will be difficult to the very cost-effective ramp-up of these systems, while process control will bring options to the designer who rearrange the machining system. Process monitoring and control technology will have a greater effort in future machining systems based on open architecture systems that bring the software platform needed for the very cost effective synthesis of this technology. • Understanding the various sides of the issue, • Imagining the various possibilities of actions, • Comparing, weighing and evaluating them • Making a choice between those alternative solutions / actions – • If the course of actions is complex, preparing a planning. • Implementing the decision. VI. CONTROL DESIGN & MANUFACTURE One way artificial intelligence (AI) related to control engineering is when installed software helps with specific awareness. The embeded software algorithms looks at feedback from a situation, then activates the decision (closed-loop control) without human conference, or the software recommends a perticular course of action with human discussion (open-loop control). Let a car were left moving in a parking garage. (Probably, within capacity of _______________________________________________________________________________________________ ISSN (Online): 2347 - 2812, Volume-4, Issue -10, 2016 33 International Journal of Recent Advances in Engineering & Technology (IJRAET) _______________________________________________________________________________________________ the auto-start key fob, something else in the operator's pocket or purse bymistakely started the car.) Embedded AI coding might send a message alert to the operator's phone 5 minutes after remote consitution without driving. If there's no response, programming might inform the car to shutoff after 7minutes. If the car were in a closed space without ventilation, a CO sensor combined with an field sensor could automatically shut down a running vehicle (remote started or not) within a very extremly short period, probaly saving lives. In manufacturing, a machine moving a web-based processes may have similar specific awareness. There may be a very perfectly good reason to leave the machine moving when the last material runs through the rollers and an operator is continuing in a certain location. If the machine is ignored at that particular moment, embedded code may starting an orderly shutdown as the best response. VII. CONCLUSIONS Artificial Intelligence & the technology are one side of the life that always interest and surprise us with the new ideas, topics, innovations, products …etc.AI is at the centre of a new enterprise to build computational models of intelligence. Finally, the capability to continually change and obtain new understanding is the power of ES methodologies, and will be the ES application of future works. This paper has examined some of the current issues regarding the use of expert systems and artificial intelligence for practitioners in various fields. The use of AI and ES have been suggested for a wider range of uses than is currently being research to any great extent. An important concept of the use of ES is that it is the overall system that is important rather than the reliance on new and “better” techniques. A valuation system that is approaching an expert system as inspected as an example of how a system can work and how it can be used as a useful tool in teaching and training. DAV Institute of Engineering and Technology Jalandhar. [2] Abacoumkin, C., & Ballis, A. (2004). Development of an expert system for the evaluation of conventional and innovative technologies in the intermodal transport area. European Journal of Operational Research, 152, 410–419. [3] Petro Grapher: managing petrographic data and knowledge using an intelligent database application. Expert Systems with Applications, 26, 9–18. [4] Abidi, S. S. R., & Manickam, S. (2002). Leveraging XML-based electronic medical records to extract experiential clinical knowledge. International Journal of Medical Informatics, 68, 187–203. [5] Brachman, R. J., & Levesque, H. J. (2004). 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