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T.E.D Unit 5 Notes/EQ’s/Vocabulary Lesson 1 Energy and Power What is an alternating current? Before even beginning to transfer electricity over long distances, it is important to convert the electricity to an alternating current, which is an electric current that reverses its direction many times a second at regular intervals, typically used in power supplies In order to transfer electricity over long distances it most be first converted in to which state: In order to transfer electricity over long distances it most be first converted in to which state: A. B. C. D. Alternating current Direct current Varying current Exponential current What is petroleum? Petroleum is a generic name for hydrocarbons, including crude oil, natural gas liquids, natural gas and their products. It can be classified as natural. Petroleum can be classified as: Petroleum can be classified as: A. B. C. D. natural synthetic composite man-made How was human power replaced during the industrial revolution? • During the Industrial Revolution, steam power began to replace water power and human power as the primary source of power in use in industry. • Steam power was not only used in engines but also in locomotives, furnaces and other factory appliances that were difficult to implement prior to the invention of steam power. Rapid technological change occurred during the industrial revolution because human power was replace by : Rapid technological change occurred during the industrial revolution because human power was replace by : A. B. C. D. nuclear power steam power solar power electrical power What is a heat sink? A heat sink is a metal conductor specially designed to conduct (and radiate) heat A ribbed metal attachment that dispenses heat from a device is called a: A ribbed metal attachment that dispenses heat from a device is called a: A. B. C. D. transducer heat sink secondary cooling fan air transmission system What is potential energy? Potential energy is the energy possessed by a body by virtue of its position relative to others, stresses within itself, electric charge, and other factors. An object has potential energy when it is sitting still. A slinky sitting still is an example of : A slinky sitting still is an example of : A. B. C. D. potential energy kinetic energy thermal energy kinetic energy What are non-renewable resources? Non-renewable resources are natural resources that can be used up completely or else used up to such a degree that it is economically impractical to obtain any more of them; e.g., coal, nuclear energy from uranium, crude oil, and metal ores. Nuclear energy from uranium is a : 8. Nuclear energy from uranium is a : A. B. C. D. Non-renewable resource renewable resource fossil resource sustainable resource What is a series circuit? A series circuit is a circuit in which current has only one path for electrons to follow. Type of circuit that only has one path for electrons to flow: Type of circuit that only has one path for electrons to flow. A. B. C. D. Series Circuit Parallel Circuit Open Circuit Short Circuit What are electrical insulators? • An electrical insulator is a material whose internal electric charges do not flow freely, and which therefore does not conduct an electric current, under the influence of an electric field. • A perfect insulator does not exist, but some materials such as glass, paper and Teflon, which have high resistivity, are very good electrical insulators. Materials like glass, dry wood, and rubber, are all examples of electrical: Materials like glass, dry wood, and rubber, are all examples of electrical: A. B. C. D. insulators semi-conductors conductors super-conductors What is a DC circuit? •Within electrical engineering, a DC circuit (Direct Current circuit) is an electrical circuit that consists of any combination of constant voltage sources, constant current sources, and resistors. •The flow of electrons in a direct current curuit travels from negative to positive. The flow of electron in a DC circuit travels from: The flow of electron in a DC circuit travels from: A. B. C. D. negative to positive positive to negative positive to electron negative to electron How does a battery provide electricity? Batteries are a mix of chemicals that cannot react until a circuit is in place. However, as soon as there is a circuit in place they react rapidly. This reaction 'produces' many spare electrons that are no longer needed by the chemicals, these then flow freely round the circuit (this is electricity that is in the state of direct current). A battery provides electricity in the state of: A battery provides electricity in the state of: A. B. C. D. Alternating current Direct current Varying current Exponential current What is a resistor? A resistor is a device having resistance to the passage of an electric current, it slows electron flow. Component in electronics that slows electron flow is : Component in electronics that slows electron flow is : A. B. C. D. Resistor Capacitor Transistor Battery What is radiant heat? Radiant heat is heating a building by radiation from panels containing hot water or electrical heaters When the Lloyd family built their new home, they wanted a type of heating system unconventional from traditional heating systems such as forced air. They opted to install the heat supply beneath the floor. The effect is that the warmth is felt throughout the room without the feeling of moving air. This type of heat is called: When the Lloyd family built their new home, they wanted a type of heating system unconventional from traditional heating systems such as forced air. They opted to install the heat supply beneath the floor. The effect is that the warmth is felt throughout the room without the feeling of moving air. This type of heat is called: A. B. C. D. Electrical Nuclear Radiant Thermal How do you change potential energy to kinetic energy? • Potential energy changes to kinetic energy when an object with potential energy starts moving. Potential energy decreases when kinetic increases and vice versa Jesse is the star pitcher for his baseball team. His strategy is to hold on to the ball, concentrate on the target, then release the ball in a powerful throw over the batter's plate. This activity is a good example of changing : Jesse is the star pitcher for his baseball team. His strategy is to hold on to the ball, concentrate on the target, then release the ball in a powerful throw over the batter's plate. This activity is a good example of changing : A. B. C. D. energy in motion to energy in movement mechanical energy to potential energy static energy to potential energy potential energy to kinetic energy What happens when the mechanical advantage of a machine is greater than 1? When the mechanical advantage of a machine is greater than one, effort required to move mass decreases and the distance the mass moves with each push also decreases. If the mechanical advantage of a machine is greater than 1, the effort required to move a mass ________ and the distance the mass moves with each push _________. If the mechanical advantage of a machine is greater than 1, the effort required to move a mass ________ and the distance the mass moves with each push _________. A. B. C. D. increases, decreases increases, increases decreases, increases decreases, decreases What is the Law of the Conservation of Energy? • The Law of the Conservation of Energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only be changed from one form to another. Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can be _____ from one form to another. Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can be _____ from one form to another. A. B. C. D. optimized converted synthesized communicated What is an unidirectional flow? • An unidirectional flow is an electric charge that flows in a constant direction (Direct current, DC), distinguishing it from alternating current (AC). The unidirectional flow of electrical charge is known as: The unidirectional flow of electrical charge is known as: A. B. C. D. Direct current Alternating current Varying current Exponential current What does LED stand for? • LED stands for light-emitting diode, a semiconductor diode that glows when a voltage is applied What does LED stand for? What does LED stand for? A. B. C. D. Light emitting diode laser encoding device Light encoding diode Laser emitting diode What is the mechanical advantage ratio? • The ratio of the force produced by a machine to the force applied to it, used in assessing the performance of a machine. The ratio of the output force (load) produced by a working force applied to the effort. The ratio of the output force (load) produced by a working force applied to the effort. A. B. C. D. Mechanical Advantage Efficiency Work Power What is thermal energy? • A heat-sourced energy, measured in Btu, that can be used or transformed, into electrical energy. It’s not possible to build an engine that doesn’t exhaust thermal energy. It is not possible to build an engine that does not exhaust what type of energy into the surrounding environment? It is not possible to build an engine that does not exhaust what type of energy into the surrounding environment? A. B. C. D. Radiant Thermal Mechanical Nano What is a strength to weight ratio? • The strength to weight ratio is a material's strength (force per unit area at failure) divided by its density. • Engineers use this ratio for a number of things, including to find the best materials to use when building structural elements. Aeronautical engineers prefer aluminum over steel for structural elements of aircraft because aluminum has: Aeronautical engineers prefer aluminum over steel for structural elements of aircraft because aluminum has: A. B. C. D. a higher strength to weight ratio a higher ultimate strength a higher strength to volume ratio lower elastic and plastic limits How are forms of energy found in nature? • Forms of energy are found in various places in nature. One example could be a from sitting on a lily pad then leaping into water. This shows how it moves from potential energy to kinetic energy. A frog sitting on a lily pad then leaping into the water is an example of: A frog sitting on a lily pad then leaping into the water is an example of: A. B. C. D. potential energy changing to kinetic energy Kinetic energy changing to mechanical energy Kinetic energy changing into potential energy Mechanical energy changing into kinetic energy What are problems regarding nuclear energy? • Issues with nuclear energy include: • Nuclear Waste • Environmental Degradation • Accidents (such as explosions) The governor is struggling with conflicting advice on whether to begin an evacuation that might affect more than 500,000 people. Engineers fear that the reactor's fuel will melt out of its thick steel and cement encasement, or that a hydrogen gas bubble in the core will explode. This scenario relates to a crisis regarding which type of energy? The governor is struggling with conflicting advice on whether to begin an evacuation that might affect more than 500,000 people. Engineers fear that the reactor's fuel will melt out of its thick steel and cement encasement, or that a hydrogen gas bubble in the core will explode. This scenario relates to a crisis regarding which type of energy? A. B. C. D. nuclear energy molecular energy mechanical energy hydroelectric energy How is chemical energy stored? • Energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it can be saved in various forms. One way to store it is in the form of chemical energy in a battery. When connected in a circuit, a battery can produce electricity. The most common storage for chemical energy is: The most common storage for chemical energy is: A. B. C. D. steel tubes batteries silos wooden crates What type of energy is found in a lake behind a dam? • Lakes found behind dams are considered to have potential energy bec ause it is still, in a position to move. When the dam breaks it converts to kinetic energy. Lake Mead, the lake behind Hover dam, is an example of what type of energy? Lake Mead, the lake behind Hover dam, is an example of what type of energy? A. B. C. D. Potential energy Kinetic energy Mechanical energy Electrical energy What is kinetic energy? • Kinetic energy is the energy possessed by an object because of its motion, equal to one half the mass of the body times the square of its velocity A slinky in motion is an example of: A slinky in motion is an example of: A. B. C. D. potential energy kinetic energy thermal energy kinetic energy How is electric power created? • Electricity is most often generated at a power station by electromechanical generators, primarily driven by heat engines fueled by chemical combustion or nuclear fission but also by other means such as the kinetic energy of flowing water and wind. Fuel cells consume hydrogen and oxygen and only emit water when creating electric power. Fuel cells consume hydrogen and oxygen and emit only water while creating what type of power? Fuel cells consume hydrogen and oxygen and emit only water while creating what type of power? A. B. C. D. Hydrogen Steam Hydrocarbon Electric How is an electrical current produced? • Current is the flow of electrons through a conducting substance. Each electron carries an electric charge - so as electrons pass through a substance, such as a metal to a magnetic, then we say an electric current (made up of the electric charges that each electron carries) passes through that substance. An electrical current is produced by: An electrical current is produced by: A. B. C. D. Passing a coil of wire past a magnetic Passing a coil of wire past a coil of wire Passing a ceramic rod past magnetic Passing a glass plate past a coiling wire