Download 5th Grade Science Pre-assessment Forms of Energy Unit 2 KEY

5th Grade Science Pre-assessment
Forms of Energy Unit 2 KEY
1. Explain what heat, sound, and electric insulators do? They stop or reduce the movement of heat, sound,
or electric energy through matter.
2. A. Create a simple circuit that includes a light bulb, battery, and two wires that will produce light.
B. Explain how each part of the circuit works together to turn electrical energy into heat and light
energy. The battery supplies power, which is conducted through the wire and passes through the light bulbs
‘resistor’ which glows creating light and heat. The current continues to flow through the wire conductor
back to the power source. (Students should not be held responsible for the word resistor.)
3.
Label: Insulators
Group A
cotton
plastic
wood
glass
Label: Conductors
Group B
aluminum
copper
tap water
steel
Objects were placed into two groups according to similarities. What do the objects in Group A have in
common, and what do the objects in Group B have in common? Place electric related labels at the top of
each column based on the materials in the group.
The materials in group A do not conduct electricity or they are poor conductors. The materials in group
B are good conductors of electricity.
4. Classify the materials in the table as conductors of electricity or insulators of electricity.
Glass bottle
Insulator
Iron nail
Conductor
Plastic straw
Insulator
Metal fork
Conductor
Rubber tire
Insulator
Styrofoam cup
Insulator
Aluminum foil
Conductor
5. The picture shows a way you could hook up a circuit. Label the parts of the circuit using the following
vocabulary: Energy Source, Conductor, Light Source, Insulator
A. The circuit shown above is an example of a(n) _____________________________.
a. Complete Circuit
c. Closed Circuit
b. Open Circuit
d. Total Circuit
Explain your answer: There is a gap between the wires (conductors) so the electricity does not have a
complete pathway to travel through the circuit.
B. Explain how you could use the circuit above to test an object to see if it is a conductor of electricity.
Place an object between the two openings. Touch both openings to the object if the current flows the
object is a conductor. If the current does not flow the object is an insulator.
C. Identify how you would know if an object were a conductor of electricity. If the light bulb lights up,
then the object would be a conductor.
6. Some students constructed a battery-powered circuit like the one in the picture below.
Will the light bulb light up with this circuit? If it will light up explain why the circuit works. If it will not
work, explain why and describe what needs to be done so that the light bulb will light up.
The circuit will NOT light up. The circuit is not complete because the wires must form a complete
circuit that starts at one pole of the battery, then go to the light bulb, and then back to the opposite pole of the
battery.
7. Kay constructed a circuit using a battery, copper wire, a switch and one of these light bulbs. Which light
bulb will successfully complete the circuit?
Explain why each light bulb will either light up in the circuit or not light up:
Light bulb A: This light bulb will light up, because the wires are connected to form a complete circuit.
Light bulb B: This light bulb will NOT light up, because the wires are NOT connected to form a
complete circuit.
8. Which of the following circuits will work properly to light the light bulb? (There might be multiple
correct circuits)
a.
b.
c.
d.
Explain why each of the circuits will either light up or not light up
Circuit a: Does NOT form a complete circuit by allowing electricity to flow from one pole of the battery
to the other pole.
Circuit b: Does NOT form a complete circuit by allowing electricity to flow from one pole of the battery
to the other pole.
Circuit c: Does NOT form a complete circuit by allowing electricity to flow from one pole of the battery
to the other pole.
Circuit d: Does form a complete circuit by allowing electricity to flow from one pole of the battery to
the other pole.
9. What is an electric current? An electric current is the flow of electrical energy from one place to another.
It must have a closed circuit for the energy to flow. Some students may say it is the flow of electrons going
through a conductor on a closed circuit.
10. A light ray is shown striking two different objects. Name and explain what is happening in each
diagram. Also, based on the way the light rays are traveling, what are the objects? Give evidence to
support your thinking.
A.
B.
Diagram A: The light is refracting or bending in this diagram. The material is probably glass or a
container of water.
Diagram B: The light is reflecting or bouncing off in this diagram. The material is probably a mirror
or other shiny, smooth material.
11. Many familiar devices, such as telescopes, depend on the principles of reflection and refraction. By
reflecting and refracting light, telescopes can make images of distant stars or galaxies.
a. Explain the difference between reflection and refraction of light rays.
Refraction is when light rays are bent. Reflection is when light rays bounce off of an object.
b. Give one example of another device that depends on the reflection of light to work.
Mirrors, microscopes, periscopes, Flashlights, etc.
c. Give one example of another device that depends on the refraction of light to work.
Eye glasses, contact lenses, microscopes, cameras, etc.
12. The flower in the vase with water in the diagram is not broken but appears that way.
Explain what is happening to the light that is causing this.
The light is refracting through the water. The light is shining on the flower and as it bounces off the
flower, the light rays are bent by the water causing it to appear as if the flower stem is broken.
13. Complete the table to give examples of how humans use different energy sources:
Electrical Energy
Thermal Energy
Light Energy
TV
Oven
TV
Computer
Heater
Lamps/Lights
Radio
Grill
Computer
These are just examples and there are other possible correct answers.
Sound Energy
TV
Telephone
Radio
14. Define the term “Mechanical Energy” and be sure to use words like Kinetic Energy and Potential
Energy.
Mechanical Energy is the sum of potential energy and kinetic energy present in the components of a
mechanical system. It is the energy associated with the motion and position of an object.
15. Foraclassexperiment,astudentputsinearplugsandcannothearanysounds.Thestudentis
shownthreeradiosandhandedaninflatedballoon.Onlyoneradioisplayingmusic.Theothers
areturnedoff.Explainhowballoonscanbeusedtoexplainwhichradioisplayingmusic?
Touchtheballoontotheradioandfeelitvibrateorseeitmove.Thestudentresponseshould
demonstrateandunderstandingofvibrationstravelingoutwardfromtheradio
16. Foursmallmetalcylinderswerefilledwithboilingwaterandplacedintodifferentcontainers.
Thecontainerswereallthesamesizeandshape,butweremadewithdifferentmaterials.A
thermometerwasplacedinasmallopeningatthetopofeachcylindersothatthetemperature
ofthewatercouldberecorded.Resultswererecordedinthetablebelow.
Time
1minute
2minutes
3minutes
4minutes
Container1
100°
97°
93°
88°
Container2
100°
95°
89°
83°
Container3
100°
98°
97°
95°
Container4
100°
97°
95°
93 °
Whichcontainerwasthebestinsulator?Explainyouranswer.
Container3becauseitstayedwarmestlongerorretaineditsheatbest.
17. Describe how different forms of energy are used in a typical kitchen. Be sure to include examples of
thermal (heat) energy, electrical energy, and sound energy.
Thermal–stove,oven,microwave,etc.
Electrical–stove,microwave,TV,radio,refrigerator,lights,etc.
Sound–radio,stove(timers),teakettle,TV,etc.
18. Explainwhichpictureshowsthesubstancethatwouldhavethehighesttemperature.Howdo
youknow?
PictureCshowsthehighesttemperaturebecausetheparticlesarespreadoutthemost&movingthe
fastest.
19. Givethreeexamplesofhowhumanstransformelectricalenergyintootherformsofenergy.
Explainwhyeachtransformationisimportantforhumans.
Example1–Electricalenergytolightenergysothatwecanseebetteratnight.
Example2–ElectricalenergytolightandsoundenergytowatchTVoruseacomputer.
Example3–Electricalenergytoheatenergytokeepthehouseatacomfortabletemperature.
Therearemanyotherexamplesthatwouldbeconsideredcorrect.