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Delivering the Tri-borough programme
YOUTH OFFENDING SERVICE
Combining services to tackle common problems, improve people’s
lives and make public money go further
THE TRI-BOROUGH PROGRAMME
Tri-Borough: The Local Context
The latest Census population figures for the Tri-borough area:
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560,538 total people
182,493 in Hammersmith and Fulham,
158,649 people in Kensington and Chelsea and
219,396 people in Westminster
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10-17 youth population at this period was 35,532 (6.3%)
12,043 in Hammersmith and Fulham (6.6%)
9,902 in Kensington and Chelsea (6.2%)
13,587 in Westminster (6.2%)
THE TRI-BOROUGH PROGRAMME
Tri-Borough:Youth Offending
• Last year 344 10-17 yr olds received a substantive
disposal in the Youth Justice System (0.97% of local youth
population):
• 151 lived in Hammersmith and Fulham (1.25%)
• 71 in Kensington and Chelsea (0.72%)
• 122 in Westminster (0.89%).
THE TRI-BOROUGH PROGRAMME
Tri-Borough:Youth Offending
• 858 offences committed for these disposals:
• 393 in Hammersmith and Fulham
• 192 in Kensington and Chelsea
• 273 in Westminster.
• Offences involving drugs, violence against the person and
theft and handling stolen goods were the most prevalent,
together accounting for just more than half (52%) of the
offences.
THE TRI-BOROUGH PROGRAMME
The Crime and Disorder Act 1998
• It shall be the principal aim of the youth justice
system to prevent offending by children and young
persons
• Creation of the Youth Justice Board
• Formation of Youth Offending Teams in each local
authority
• Children/young people aged 10 to 17 years old
THE TRI-BOROUGH PROGRAMME
Aims of the Youth Justice Board in England and
Wales:
• Oversees the youth justice system in
England and Wales
• Works to prevent offending and reoffending
by children and young people under the age
of 18
• Ensures that custody for them is safe,
secure, and addresses the causes of their
offending behaviour
THE TRI-BOROUGH PROGRAMME
Agencies under the YOT Umbrella:
Required:
• Police
• Health Workers
• Education Workers
• Social Workers
• Probation
Additional:
• Substance misuse worker
• Connexions Workers
• Integrated Resettlement Worker
• Parenting Worker
Youth Justice System
• Preventive
Work
Early entry
into the YJS
Pre-court
Stage
• First offence
• Anti-social
behaviour
• Court
• Community or
Custodial Order
Final stage
THE TRI-BOROUGH PROGRAMME
Youth Justice System
Preventative Work:
Multi Systemic Therapy, Family Coaching, Street Outreach
Service, Integrated Gangs Unit, Families Forward etc.
Pre-Court/ Out of Court Disposals:
Triage, Diversion, Police Caution & Conditional Cautions
Court Orders:
Referral Orders, Reparation Orders, Curfew Orders,Youth
Rehabilitation Orders (YRO), Intensive Supervision and
Surveillance (ISS), Detention and Training Orders (DTO),
Section 91-92, (mental health orders, drug treatment orders)
THE TRI-BOROUGH PROGRAMME
Risk Factors:
• Family: Poor parental supervision and discipline, Family history of
criminal activity, Parental attitudes that condone offending, Family
conflict, Low income, poor housing and large family size
• School: Low achievement beginning in primary school, Bullying, Lack of
commitment to school, including truancy, Poor school organisation.
• Community: Disadvantaged neighbourhood, Community
disorganisation and neglect, Availability of drugs, High turnover and lack
of neighbourhood attachment.
• Personal or individual factors: Hyperactivity and impulsivity, Alienation
and lack of social commitment, Early involvement
in offending and substance misuse, Pro-criminal peers.
THE TRI-BOROUGH PROGRAMME
Why do young people commit crime?
• Some children & young people develop criminal identities which
serves to perpetuate their offending behaviour. E.g. Young person being
referred to as a “good thief”. It can a historic identity in their family.
• Influence of peer group - Positive response from peers is reward to
maintain offending behaviour and self-identification as a criminal. Kudos,
e.g. Time in Feltham. Gangs – belonging to a group identity (alternative
to a family identity or school community)
• Labelling - by parents, school, media, being a YOT client, etc.
THE TRI-BOROUGH PROGRAMME
Assessment of Young people
Static Factors:
• current offence type
• age at first pre-court disposal / conviction
• previous history
Dynamic factors:
• long term risk factors (e.g. Patterns of thought, mental and
physical health)
• acute factors (e.g. Excessive use of alcohol)
Protective factors:
• balanced assessment
• identifying factors that contribute to the reduction of risk
THE TRI-BOROUGH PROGRAMME
Assessment of Young people
Asset headings (dynamic risk factors):
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Living arrangements
Family and personal relationships
Education, training and employment
Neighbourhood
Lifestyle
Substance use
Physical Health
Emotional and mental health
Perception of self and others
Thinking and behaviour
Attitudes to offending
Motivation to change
THE TRI-BOROUGH PROGRAMME
The Scaled Approach
The level of statutory contacts for assessed intervention level:
Intervention Level
(Likelihood of reoffending score)
Contacts per month
for first 3 months
Contacts per month
for rest of order
Standard
2
1
4
2
12
4
(0 – 14 inclusive)
Enhanced
(15 – 32 inclusive)
Intensive
(33 – 64 inclusive)
THE TRI-BOROUGH PROGRAMME
Intervention Planning
•The definition of a contact is
“a face to face planned meeting between the young
person, the YOT case manager, another member of the
YOT, or a member of another agency or a volunteer
approved to work with the young person in respect of
the supervision of his or her court order.”
• Low risk (i.e. standard) likely to need an order with
components to repair harm e.g. unpaid work
• Medium risk (i.e. enhanced) may also need components to help
them change e.g. education or treatment
• High risk (I.e. intensive) may need all of these plus a measure of
control e.g. curfew
THE TRI-BOROUGH PROGRAMME
Other factors to consider...
• non-compliance and breach
• working with the courts & within statutory requirements
• balancing welfare needs while addressing offending
behaviour
• Safeguarding young people and the public