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BTEC 2012 Unit 1 – The Online World Name: ……………………………………. Lesson 6 – The Internet (Student Book B – Pg 1 - 3) Starter – When did the Internet first begin? The origins of the internet stretch back to the 1960s. 1. Match the following key terms to the correct abbreviations and descriptions. Term Point of Presence Abbreviation NAP Description The protocol which takes data from a user’s application program and passes it to the IP for transfer across the internet. The reverse operation is performed at the destination computer, i.e. the TCP reassembles the data (from individual packets) and forwards them to the user’s application program. The close relation with the IP means that the terms are usually used in combination, i.e. TCP/IP. Network Access Point TCP A standard protocol which allows files to be transferred between two computers on a TCP-based network. It is commonly used to download programs to your computer from other servers and to upload web pages that you have created to the server that is hosting them on the internet. Internet Protocol ISP An access point to the internet. Normally, it is a location which contains all of the hardware which allows internet users access to the internet. An Internet Service Provider (ISP) may operate several PoPs in their area to allow good access to the internet. Transmission Control Protocol FTP An interchange between networks within the internet. It allows ISP’s to interconnect with each other File Transfer Protocol IP Direct connection to the internet would be very costly and so ISPs provide a costeffective gateway for people and organisations to get onto the internet. In the UK there are many ISPs, with some of the most popular ones being BT (British Telecom), Virgin Media and Sky. Internet Service Provider POP The protocol used to route packets of information across the internet 1 ©A.Silver BTEC 2012 Unit 1 – The Online World Name: ……………………………………. Internet Service Provider An Internet Service Provider (ISP) is a company which provides access to the internet for individuals or other companies (e.g. BT). An ISP will have many servers to do different things depending on the size of the company and amount of customers, e.g. one for outgoing email, one for incoming email, and may well have several for general net traffic, users’ details, search engines, user web pages, etc. Client Internet Service Provider Internet Services 2 ©A.Silver BTEC 2012 Unit 1 – The Online World Name: ……………………………………. 2. Read ‘Internet Infrastructure’ on Pg 2 careful and write the descriptions next to the correct piece of hardware. Server The main computer that serves the needs of others computers. Network A router uses the network connection to direct traffic between networks Router A piece of hardware that connects two or more networks. In relation to the internet, data from the ISP is sent into the network and the router then directs the data packets to the correct destinations. Client A computers that uses the services of a server 3 ©A.Silver BTEC 2012 Unit 1 – The Online World Name: ……………………………………. 3. Name three methods for connection to the Internet: a: Wireless b: Broadband c: Dial –up 4. What are the advantages and disadvantages of answer ‘a’ above? Advantages You don’t have to be connected via a wire. Disadvantages Can be slower because you are not directly connected. Can use on multiple devices at once. The further away from the router, the worse the connection. Can hide the router so it is aesthetically pleasing. 5. What are the advantages and disadvantages of answer ‘b’ above? Advantages Faster speeds. Disadvantages Have to be connected through an Ethernet cable. Can only connect 2/3 to one router at a time. 6. What are the advantages and disadvantages of answer ‘c’ above? Advantages Can use existing phone circuits. Disadvantages Slower connection speeds. Only able to connect 1 person to the router at once. Plenary – What is meant by bandwidth and transmission rate? Bandwidth – a way of measuring how much data can be carried over a network Transmission rate – a measure of the number of pieces of information that have been transferred during a specific time period, usually measures in bits per second. 4 ©A.Silver