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Transcript
Internet Services
-
World Wide Web
E-mail
Conferencing and Newsgroups
File Transfer & Updating
Chat/Instant Messaging
Intranet
- Looks like the internet – web pages
which open up on a browser,
- A LAN or WAN used by schools,
businesses etc to communicate
internal information.
Internet Unit
Define the terms
- ISP
- Browser
- Search Engine
Protocols
Definition
A set of formalized rules that
describe how data is transmitted
over a network.
Internet transmission
protocols
• TCP/IP - Transmission Control
Protocol/Internet Protocol
• A recognised set of protocols transmission
protocol for all Internet transmission.
• TCP divides a message into blocks of data, called
packets
TCP/IP
• TCP divides a message into blocks of
data called packets
• A router then forwards these
packets to a destination device
Message
Packet 1
Packet 2
Packet 3
Packet 4
TCP/IP Advantages
• Industrial Standard
• Routable – can be sent through many
different types of routers
• Robust – used for many years
• Scalable – can be used small & large
networks.
Internet protocols
IP provides routing devices – special
electronic switches – with the source and
destination web addresses, which are used
to connect the Internet user with the web
server. The routing device then forwards
the packets to the destination address.
IP Addresses
- The internet connects millions of different
network hardware hosts
- Each host – computer, router, printer is
identified by a unique IP address
- http://www.hostip.info/ This website tells you
the IP address of your own computer
IP Addresses
- Using http://www.hostip.info/ find out where
the following sites are
-
160.60.160.60
160.80.160.60
255.255.255.255
216.27.61.137
80.176.88.213
84.69.1.207
Now find out your own IP address http://whatismyipaddress.com/
IP Addresses
IP Address
72.14.253.104
194.154.164.90
69.147.114.210
72.21.210.11
193.95.148.90
66.230.200.100
URL
Questions
1. Complete the words
•
T_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Control P_ _ _ _ _ _
_
•
I_ _ _ _ _ _ _ P _ _ _ _ _ _ _
2. What is a Protocol?
3. In addition to the www name the
four other internet services
4. What is an intranet?
5. What is an IP address and what does it look like?
IP Addresses
The Internet connects millions of different
network hardware components together (host).
Each host – computer, router, printer, etc – is
identified by a unique Internet Protocol Address,
or IP address.
An IP address appears as a dotted decimal
number.
Internet Service
Protocols
1. HTTP (HyperText
Transfer Protocol)
• HTTP is the service protocol that
allows users to receive information
from the World Wide Web.
• HTTP protocol identifies and
downloads web page resources
HTML tags
HyperText Markup Language - a set
of codes and script that allows web
pages to be formatted and designed
Quiz
2. File Transfer Protocol
File Transfer Protocol allows an
Internet user to send (or receive)
copies of files from or to different
computer systems or networks
3. POP/SMTP
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is used
to transfer e-mail between computer
systems.
- Incoming e-mail is stored on the
ISP’s server.
- It deals with outgoing emails
3. POP
• Post Office Protocol is also used to
transfer e-mails between computer
systems. POP offers more facilities than
SMTP and allows automatic download of emails.
• POP is the receiving system for most
Internet-based e-mail systems (i.e. your
incoming mail).
Questions 2
• What does POP stand for? Post Office Protocol
• What is a protocol? Agreement or set of rules
involving 2 or more parties
• What does HTTP stand for and where would you
see it?
• Hypertext transfer protocol
• What is a NAP? Network Access Point
• What does IP stand for? Internet Protocol
HTML Questions
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
What does the <br> tag do?
What does the <body> tag do?
What does </html> do?
What does <td> do
What does <href do?
Anchors
HTML code (tag) that allows a piece of
text or a graphic on a web page to
become interactive.
Can take you to
- another place on the same web page
- another website
Hyperlink
HTML attribute of an anchor. The code
behind it.
What do you need for
Internet Access
Client Side • Computer
• ISP
• Browser
• Modem/Router
• Phone line
TYPICAL HOME INTERNET
CONNECTION
TYPICAL OFFICE INTERNET CONNECTION
Task
Go to webopedia.com and get a one line
definition for the following
- ISP
- Browser
- Modem
- Router
Recent Developments
- Broadband
- Wireless Technology
- Mobile Internet
Broadband Task
Search the internet for four ISP
providers and for each one find out the
Mb and cost and complete the table
Below.
Name of Provider
Cost (£)
Mb
http://www.broadbandchecker.co.uk/?GTSE=goog&GTKW=broadband
Internet Services
Define the following
Web Page
Web Site
World Wide Web
The Internet
Business Web Services
E-Commerce*
E-Banking
E-Marketplace – B2B
E-Sales
E-Government*
Go to webopedia.com and get a one line
definition of the starred ones
Personal Web Services
Use your internet mind map to come up
with a list of personal web services.
Chat rooms
news
Searching
blogs
Email
planning
Online booking –holiday
education
Online shopping
auctions
Downloading
charity
TV
online conferencing
E-Mail
Mailbox Attachments –
Client Based E-Mail uses
- POP
- SMTP
All users have a separate account.
E-Mail
Web Based E-Mail
- Examples include Hotmail.
- Uses HTTP protocol.
- You must be connected to the www to
read and send e-mail.
Conferencing and
Newsgroups
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Search newsgroups on Google
Go to newsgroups
Browse all categories
Choose Europe
Choose UK
Now look through the newsgroups
and choose one that interests you.
FTP software
• Used to upload and download files
How a web address is made up
http://www.computing.com/int2/car.html
Page is to be
retrieved
using
hypertext
transfer
protocol
Name of the
Web Server
that has the
page
The
Directory
where the
page can be
found on the
server
The Name of
the web
page. Often
end in html
or htm
Network Strategy
• An organisation needs a network strategy initially
to plan how to set up the network in general to
manage effectively its distribution of data and
information to assist its decision-making and
general operation. The network strategy should
be based on sound fundamentals so that no matter
the advances in technology the network will be
able to adapt and still deliver the services the
organisation requires. The strategy needs to
address the following areas:
• Data transfer (traffic)
• Distribution/coverage
• Access and security
• Facilities
• Storage capacity.
Backup and recovery
strategy
• An organisation needs a backup and
recovery strategy to ensure that
operational data is not accidentally
destroyed or damaged. As organisations
rely more and more on information systems
to store and process their data, it is vital
that processes and procedures are
introduced to ensure data is kept safe
from loss or harm.
Storage Capacity
Hierarchy of Memory Capacity
1byte
1KiloByte
1MegaByte
1GigaByte
1TeraBytes
= 8 bits
= 1024 bytes
= 1024 Kbytes
= 1024 Mbytes
= 1024 GBytes