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Notes Chapter 13 Energy Energy is the ability to do work. It is measured in joules. Power is the rate at which work is done. Power=energy transferred/time Energy Forms of 1.Kinetic – motion or movement 2.Potential- stored up, has potential to do work 3.Mechanical- associated with motion or position of object 4.Thermal- heat energy, total potential and kinetic energy 5.Electrical-moving electrical charges 6.Chemical-stored in chemical bonds between atoms 7.Nuclear-stored in nucleus of atom 8.Electromagnetic-travels through space as waves Factors Affecting Kinetic Energy Mass and velocity ( speed in a given direction). The energy increases as mass and velocity increases. The greatest potential energy on a roller coaster is at the top of the hill before the first drop. Potential energy changes or transfers into kinetic energy (energy of motion) as the coaster moves down the hill. There is a constant transfer of energy as the coaster goes from hill to hill and turn to turn. Gravity also plays a part in energy transfer. Energy Transformations Energy transforms from one type to another. Example: a toaster transforms electrical energy to thermal energy Law of Conservation of Energy says energy cannot be created or destroyed Fossil Fuels include coal, petroleum and natural gas. Fossil fuels contain energy that came from the sun. Fossil fuels can be burned to release chemical energy. The process of burning them is called combustion. Chemical energy can be stored. An example is the sulfur that is on the tip of a match. When it is lit, chemical energy is converted to thermal and light energy.