Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Chapter 7 Section 5 Rise of Christianity Beginning of Christianity Allowed conquered people’s to practice own religion-as long as they honored Roman gods and the emperor Most were polytheistic- so not a problem Jews and Roman Empire Most lived in Judea-Province in AD 6 Not required to honor Roman Gods – would violate belief in one god. Zealots believed Judaism would be weakened by outside influences- supported rebellion Some believed a Messiah would be sent by God to lead the Jews to freedom AD 66 thru 70 – Jews revolt against Rome o Romans sack Jerusalem destroy all but western wall of the Solomon’s Second Temple now known as “Wailing Wall” o Rabbi’s – Jewish scholars and learned in Jewish law- became leaders of congregation 135 AD Roman Army under Hadrian brutally put down last Jewish revolt o Banned all Jews from Jerusalem o Jews built outside of city carried on culture and religion In this setting Christianity arose –teaching of Jesus of Nazareth Teachings of Jesus Began teaching in 27 AD o Wandered countryside w/ disciples Performed miracles of healing and defended poor o Teaching become greatest influence on Western World Recorded in 4 Gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke and John- New Testament Grounded in Jewish traditions o Only one True God o Cares for people more than laws and rituals o Promised forgiveness and eternal life Death of Jesus Fear of Jesus leading an uprising o Tried by Pontius Pilate- Roman Governor o Crucified o Arose from dead after crucifixion o Remained on earth for 40 days – ascended to heaven o Ascension proved he was Messiah Came to be called Jesus Christ o Christ is Greek for Messiah Christ died for sins of human beings W/death all people could be redeemed from God’s final judgment Resurrection becomes focal point of Christianity Spread of Christianity At first spread slowly o Increased as life in empire becomes more difficult Accepted everyone, rich and poor Promised hope and freedom from penalties of sin and death Roman Government viewed Christianity as a Jewish sect- did not have to worship emperor o By 100 AD recognized difference Christians spoke out against polytheism Convert others to point of view o Romans viewed this as attack on religion and law – outlawed Christianity Seized property and executed Christians Many became martyrs- put to death for beliefs o Failed to stop spread of Christianity In 200’s AD violence and unrest shook empire o Many turned to Christianity for hope o By 300 AD Christian Church so large that government could not punish all o Roman law accepted Christianity as religion Romans Adopt Christianity Situation improved greatly in 312 AD Constantine declares support for Christianity o Baptized on his death bed in 337 In 391 Theodosius makes Christianity official religion of Rome Within 400 years Christianity spreads throughout Rome Church become organized o Priests conduct local services and ceremonies o Bishops head church in each city o Patriarchs—next level—lead church in major cities such as Rome Constantinople, Alexandria, and Jerusalem o Patriarch of Rome took title of Pope or “father” Pope claims authority over all others traces authority to Jesus’ disciples—mainly Peter—first Pope Decisions made were equivalent to disciples who got authority from Jesus 325 AD council of Nicaea o Wrote down main beliefs of church Trinity—Father, Son and Holy Ghost Central beliefs of Christianity