Download UDC: 330.322/341.1:334.7 INNOVATION AND INVESTMENT

UDC: 330.322/341.1:334.7
INNOVATION AND INVESTMENT ACTIVITY OF ENTERPRISES,
SYSTEM ASPECTS
A. Zorgach, assistant
Abstract. In today's market economy, the degree of social development is derived
from production and use of intellectual goods. A fast paced progressive development
over last decades, change organizational and economic conditions for functioning of
all sectors of industrial activity. Agroindustrial production transformation to next level
requires research of innovation and investment, as a system.
Innovation, investment, foundations, activities, system, farmers .
Introduction. In many researches of local and foreign scientists, the problems of
innovation and investment activities are studies, for example in the researches of
Hudzynskoho O.D., Kuznetsov A.J., Fedorenko V., Blank I.A., Glazyev S.Y.
Fundamental researche of scientists dedicated to the development of principles and
management methodology development. But the formation of innovation and
investment in farms require more detailed study, as a system.
Method. Localization of scientists in one place increases the concentration ofs
scientific ideas and options for proceeding in an alternate world. Attracting businesses
and local government to set up innovative investment structures increase success on a
market. Formation of innovation and investment, and the definition of a framework for
the development is quite important object of study.
Purpose of the study. The development of science and technology is a
determining factor in a progress of society and is a welfare factor of its members, their
spiritual and intellectual growth. This is due to the need for priority public support of
science as a source of economic growth and an integral part of national culture and
education, the creation of conditions for realization of the intellectual potential of
citizens in the area of scientific and technological activities of a policy to ensure the
achievements of national and international science and technology to meet the social,
economic, cultural and other needs [ 6].
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There are several systematic patterns of innovation and investment : innovation
centre , innovation business incubator , technopark , agrotehnopark , technopolises ,
leasing centers , cooperatives , holding companies , agricultural holdings .
The main objective of the innovation center support existing and new innovative
enterprises and consulting information and analytical and organizational services.
Innovation Center Association of enterprises and organizations united in order to
achieve high business results through the use of scientific and technological
developments and inventions . [8]
An indication of the innovative business incubator is a creation of conditions
for the development and implementation of innovation in small and medium
enterprises [7 ]. You can select the following favorable conditions for innovation
development of the business expertise, innovation financing , advisory services ,
technological support of a business formation . A primary goal is to provide lower than
market prices and rental services. This organizational structure provides offices
premises equipment, machinery , information and communications services on
favorable terms. There are non-profit (municipal ), profit (commercial ) Educational incubators .
Technopark ( Technology Park ) - a legal entity or group of entities that operate
under the joint venture agreement without creation of a legal entity or association
without joint deposits to create an organizational basis for project implementation
process of industrial parks, with implementation of high development, high technology
and software industrial production of globally competitive products [ 3]. It is compact
research and technology complex, the operation of which is based on the
commercialization of research and technical activity , which main task is introduction
of scientific and technological development and integration of the various stages of the
innovation process.
According agrotehnopark characterized by the association of innovative projects
in the agro-industrial sector : conducting research in animal , plant breeding, using
modern scientific developments in harvesting forage base and other processes of
agricultural production. The main goal is to create conditions for the introduction of
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modern scientific ideas , technologies and management techniques. Improving quality
of production, and improving the nutritional value of products. Support for medium
and small agricultural companies to further reduction of production costs . [8]
Technopolis is specially designed scientific -industrial complex, which includes
businesses and organizations covered by the full innovation cycle that contributes to
the necessary infrastructure to provide services in marketing, finance, patent protection
and marketing of innovative products. Enhancing international cooperation research
and development programs (research and technical activity) and innovation [8 ].
Leasing centers are defined as an entity that transfers possession rights of no
leased object with individual characteristics and identified in accordance with the laws
of capital assets, a person or entity (the lessee ) in accordance with the lease agreement
(other ways of financing economic activity ) more profitable a bank loan. Leasing is
defined as a long-term rent of machinery, equipment technological licenses, "know how", software etc. Leasing in a competitive environment makes possible for small,
medium and large businesses , which are in dire financial position to survive [2 ].
Cooperatives - a legal entity created by physical or legal subjects, which have
voluntarily joined together on the basis of membership to conduct joint economic and
other activities in order to meet their economic , social and other needs on the basis of
self-management [1].
There are production and service cooperatives ( at the same time clients and
owners) cooperative serves its owners as a non-profit organization. Service
cooperative is a nonprofit organization which serving owners and members of the
cooperative based on support and economic cooperation. This provides a high level of
technical and technological support in the stages of production, processing and
marketing of crop production, livestock, forestry, fisheries.
Holdings is a public company which owns use and dispose corporate shares of
two or more corporate enterprises . The following types of holdings : portfolio ,
investment , mixed portfolio-investment , financial and economic management, with a
risk reduction of investment and mutual deliveries, transaction cost savings , growth
opportunities for financial and tax maneuvering and others [ 4].
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Holding companies improve the functional interaction of different enterprise
according to the type of it including direct merging and loss of independence. As part
of the holding economic problems are solved which could be beyond the power of any
given single business: the development and creation of complex technical issues , the
development of high technology , obtaining substantial loans for certain programs , the
creation of new production facilities and others.
Agroholding term often used, although there is no legal definition in the
Commercial Code of Ukraine. In the scientific literature , this interpretation of
agroholding - a business structure which is based on a top management, that manages
and monitors packetsof authorized agricultural, processing , sales and service
organizations. It has a complex system of vertical hierarchies and business
management. An indication is that agroholding lease land in several parts of a country.
They could be classified by the following types: specialized, no specialized and
portfolio. The main goal is mutual beneficial economic cooperation with land used for
agricultural production. Investment attraction guaranteed by production scale and
relevant product range. Invested capital enable the introduction of new production
technologies, innovative means of production [8 ].
Venture capital funds - a structure responsible for investing equity capital in
promising companies with significant growth potential , and participation in the
management of these companies. Venture funds attract cash investors in innovative
enterprises , research institutions, technology parks , science parks , business
incubators , ahrotehnoparkiv [5 ].
Clusters-association interrelated and complementary businesses, organizations ,
institutions, and connected with them by geographic and functional features of
government, academia , and various infrastructure components , working in a
particular area for a specific purpose . The mission is to enhance the functioning of
clusters connections between different areas of activity which provide conditions for
its development as an integrated system and strengthen competitive advantage in
domestic and foreign markets, on the basis of evidence-based and implemented
technological solutions [3 ].
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The structure of innovation and investment activities provide innovative projects
development and support innovations on all stages of the production process as well as
the final stage of implementation of new products. Mutual different businesses inside
organizations reduce costs of the production process and integrates innovative
developments in the market environment .
Results. Public financing of major projects such as scientific and technological
parks, technopolises unfortunately not possible in full scale, but the State provides
innovative investment climate and legal base of foundation activity unions, by the
following methods: taxation advantage, simplification of patenting process, rent
incentive, creation of favorable environment for international investors and support of
local developments internationally, and so on. These issues require further complex
study.
REFERENCE LIST
1. Vedomosti Verkhovna Radaof Ukraine (VVR ), 2004 , N 5, Ar. 35 The Law of
Ukraine "On Cooperation " http://zakon1.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1087-15
2. VVR, 2004 , N 15, pg. 231 . The Law of Ukraine "On licensing "
http://zakon2.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1381-15
3. VVR, 2006 , N 22, pg. 182 . The Law of Ukraine "On Special Regime Innovation of
technology parks " (http://zakon2.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/3333-15
4. VVR, 2006 , N 34, pg. 291 . Law of Ukraine "On holding companies in Ukraine »
http://zakon1.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/3528-15
5. VVR, 2013 , № 29, pg. 337 . Law of Ukraine "On Collective Investment Institutions
» http://zakon4.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/5080-17
6. On the scientific - technical information :The Law of Ukraine on June 25, 1993 №
3322 -XII / / Government Courier. - 1993. - July 4
7. Resolution of the CM of Ukraine " On approval of the registration of organizations
which are aimed at meeting the needs of small and medium enterprises " from
21.05.2009 N 510.
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8. Chukhray N., R. Patora Product innovation policy : management innovations in the
enterprise: Tutorial. - K.: Condor, 2006. - 398 pg. http://www.ventu.org/ ,
http://www.businessclass.kiev.ua/magazine
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