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Download Current Electricity The difference between static electricity and
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Current Electricity The difference between static electricity and current and electricity is that the charges in static electricity are ______________while the charges in current electricity are ______________ Circuits Requirements for a circuit: A __________ ___________loop An _____________supply Voltage The measure of the _____________ of ______________ based on the strength of the ________/___________ that causes _______________ to ____________and is measured in ______________ -Voltage-Water analogy: A B What can you do to the pipe to increase the pressure of the water flow? ________ Situation 1: water is at an elevated position. When allowed to flow, water flows from point A to point B. Situation 2: water is at ground level. To get it to above ground level, a pump is used to elevate the water from point A to point B. For each situation, indicate if work is done by a force in moving the object from its initial position (point A) to its position at point B. Then indicate the position of greatest gravitational potential energy. Situation 1: Work done on water (YES/NO) Greatest potential energy (A/B) Situation 2: Work done on water (YES/ NO) Greatest potential energy (A/B) Move a (+) test charge from D to A in the internal circuit = work done or work not done Move a (+) test charge from A to D in the external circuit = work done or work not done When work is done on the charge, this changes its potential energy to a: higher value or lower value -Equation: -Example Calculate the amount of work it takes to move 1.0 C of charge from the - to the + terminal of a 1.5-volt battery. Current The __________ at which charge __________ past a ___________ in a __________, depends on ______________ of wire and is measured in ______________ -Current-Water analogy: Water is flowing down a pipe, draw how the current of water can be decreased based on the defintion of current -Direction Benjamin Franklin deemed that direction of current is indicated by (BLUE/RED) arrow, since (+) were thought to move. By the time (-) were discovered to be the moving property of an atom, the nomenclature of “positive” and “negative” had already been so well established in the scientific community that no effort was made to change it. Thus we describe the direction of current based on (ELECTRON/PROTON) movement, which is the (RED/BLUE) arrow - Velocity (drift speed) - The ____________________________________through a wire is rather a ___________________ path characterized by collisions with fixed atoms. A typical _________________ might be ______________. That is _____________ - Equation -Example Amtrak introduced an electric train in 2000 that runs between New York and Boston. With a travel time of 3.00 h, the train is not superfast, but it is comfortable, very safe, and environmentally friendly. Find the charge passing through the engine during the trip if the feeding current is 1.80 ×102 A. Power The ______________ at which _________________is ____________________to a circuit or ________________ by a load and is measured in _______________ - Short circuit - ________________ of charge flow and _______________ to apply it to -Power-Water analogy Electric power is the combination of the ________________ (voltage) and the _________________ (current) that results in the ability to do work. -Equations: -Example In 1994, a group of students at Lawrence Technological University, in Southfield, Michigan, built a car that combines a conventional diesel engine and an electric direct-current motor. The power delivered by the motor is 32 kW. If the resistance of the car’s circuitry is 8.0 Ω, find the current drawn by the motor. Ohm’s Law George Ohm discovered the _______________ of how ____________ is affected by ______________ and ___________________ -Analyzing relationship The current (I) is _______________________ to the __________________ The current (I) is __________________________________ to the __________________of the circuit. The current of a circuit is 8 A, then the voltage is halved, what is the new current? _________________ The current of a circuit is 8 A, then the resistance is halved, what is the new current? _____________________ -Equation: -Example A medical belt pack with a portable laser for in-the-field medical purposes has been constructed. The laser draws a current of 2.5 A and the circuitry resistance is 0.6 Ω. What is the potential difference across the laser? Resistance _________________that _______________________ of electrons through the ________________and is measured in ____________ The electric potential difference ___________________________ charge movement while _____________________________it Factors that affect resistance: _________________________, ___________________________, _____________________________ -Resistance-Water analogy Anything that __________________ water flow, such as a _______________pipe or _______________ on the inside of a pipe, or ____________ in a creek
