Download Basic Chemistry Part 1 Presentation

The Stuff of Everything…
…even water and life
What is matter?
Three Properties of Matter:
has mass
2. takes up space
3. shows inertia
(force needed to change
motion)
1.
What is matter?
Three Properties of Matter:
has mass
2. takes up space
3. shows inertia
(force needed to change
motion)
1.
What is matter?
Three Properties of Matter:
has mass
2. takes up space
3. shows inertia
(force needed to change
motion)
1.
What is matter?
Three Properties of Matter:
has mass
2. takes up space
3. shows inertia
(force needed to change
motion)
1.
What is matter?
Three Properties of Matter:
has mass
2. takes up space
3. shows inertia
(force needed to change
motion)
1.
What is matter?
Three Properties of Matter:
has mass
2. takes up space
3. shows inertia
(force needed to change
motion)
1.
What is matter?
Three Properties of Matter:
has mass
2. takes up space
3. shows inertia
(force needed to change
motion)
1.
What is matter?
Three Properties of Matter:
has mass
2. takes up space
3. shows inertia
(force needed to change
motion)
1.
What is matter?
Three Properties of Matter:
has mass
2. takes up space
3. shows inertia
(force needed to change
motion)
1.
What is matter?
Four states of matter:
1. Solid
2. Liquid
3. Gas
4. Plasma
What is matter?
Four states of matter:
1. Solid
2. Liquid
3. Gas
4. Plasma
What is matter?
Four states of matter:
1. Solid
2. Liquid
3. Gas
4. Plasma
What is matter?
Four states of matter:
1. Solid
2. Liquid
3. Gas
4. Plasma
What is matter?
Four states of matter:
1. Solid
2. Liquid
3. Gas
4. Plasma
What is matter?
Four states of matter:
1. Solid
2. Liquid
3. Gas
4. Plasma
Can matter change?
Matter can change in two ways:
Physical – a change in the
appearance or state of matter
2. Chemical – a change in the
chemical make-up of matter
1.
Can matter change?
Matter can change in two ways:
Physical – a change in the
appearance or state of matter
2. Chemical – a change in the
chemical make-up of matter
1.
Can matter change?
Matter can change in two ways:
Physical – a change in the
appearance or state of matter
2. Chemical – a change in the
chemical make-up of matter
1.
Can matter change?
Matter can change in two ways:
Physical – a change in the
appearance or state of matter
2. Chemical – a change in the
chemical make-up of matter
1.
Can matter change?
Matter can change in two ways:
Physical – a change in the
appearance or state of matter
2. Chemical – a change in the
chemical make-up of matter
1.
Can matter change?
Matter can change in two ways:
Physical – a change in the
appearance or state of matter
2. Chemical – a change in the
chemical make-up of matter
1.
Can matter change?
Matter can change in two ways:
Physical – a change in the
appearance or state of matter
2. Chemical – a change in the
chemical make-up of matter
1.
Can matter change?
P
Melting Ice
C
Burning
Wood
C
Rusting
Iron
C
Animal
Decaying
P
Water
Freezing
C
Rotting
Wood
C
Souring
Milk
C
Enzymes
Digesting
Food
P
Water
Evaporating
P
Making
Glass from
Sand
P
Water
Boiling
P
Salt
Dissolving
in Water
Can matter change?
P
Melting Ice
C
Burning
Wood
C
Rusting
Iron
C
Animal
Decaying
P
Water
Freezing
C
Rotting
Wood
C
Souring
Milk
C
Enzymes
Digesting
Food
P
Water
Evaporating
P
Making
Glass from
Sand
P
Water
Boiling
P
Salt
Dissolving
in Water
Can matter change?
P
Melting Ice
C
Burning
Wood
C
Rusting
Iron
C
Animal
Decaying
P
Water
Freezing
C
Rotting
Wood
C
Souring
Milk
C
Enzymes
Digesting
Food
P
Water
Evaporating
P
Making
Glass from
Sand
P
Water
Boiling
P
Salt
Dissolving
in Water
Can matter change?
P
Melting Ice
C
Burning
Wood
C
Rusting
Iron
C
Animal
Decaying
P
Water
Freezing
C
Rotting
Wood
C
Souring
Milk
C
Enzymes
Digesting
Food
P
Water
Evaporating
P
Making
Glass from
Sand
P
Water
Boiling
P
Salt
Dissolving
in Water
Can matter change?
P
Melting Ice
C
Burning
Wood
C
Rusting
Iron
C
Animal
Decaying
P
Water
Freezing
C
Rotting
Wood
C
Souring
Milk
C
Enzymes
Digesting
Food
P
Water
Evaporating
P
Making
Glass from
Sand
P
Water
Boiling
P
Salt
Dissolving
in Water
Can matter change?
P
Melting Ice
C
Burning
Wood
C
Rusting
Iron
C
Animal
Decaying
P
Water
Freezing
C
Rotting
Wood
C
Souring
Milk
C
Enzymes
Digesting
Food
P
Water
Evaporating
P
Making
Glass from
Sand
P
Water
Boiling
P
Salt
Dissolving
in Water
Can matter change?
P
Melting Ice
C
Burning
Wood
C
Rusting
Iron
C
Animal
Decaying
P
Water
Freezing
C
Rotting
Wood
C
Souring
Milk
C
Enzymes
Digesting
Food
P
Water
Evaporating
P
Making
Glass from
Sand
P
Water
Boiling
P
Salt
Dissolving
in Water
Can matter change?
P
Melting Ice
C
Burning
Wood
C
Rusting
Iron
C
Animal
Decaying
P
Water
Freezing
C
Rotting
Wood
C
Souring
Milk
C
Enzymes
Digesting
Food
P
Water
Evaporating
P
Making
Glass from
Sand
P
Water
Boiling
P
Salt
Dissolving
in Water
Can matter change?
P
Melting Ice
C
Burning
Wood
C
Rusting
Iron
C
Animal
Decaying
P
Water
Freezing
C
Rotting
Wood
C
Souring
Milk
C
Enzymes
Digesting
Food
P
Water
Evaporating
P
Making
Glass from
Sand
P
Water
Boiling
P
Salt
Dissolving
in Water
Can matter change?
P
Melting Ice
C
Burning
Wood
C
Rusting
Iron
C
Animal
Decaying
P
Water
Freezing
C
Rotting
Wood
C
Souring
Milk
C
Enzymes
Digesting
Food
P
Water
Evaporating
P
Making
Glass from
Sand
P
Water
Boiling
P
Salt
Dissolving
in Water
Can matter change?
P
Melting Ice
C
Burning
Wood
C
Rusting
Iron
C
Animal
Decaying
P
Water
Freezing
C
Rotting
Wood
C
Souring
Milk
C
Enzymes
Digesting
Food
P
Water
Evaporating
P
Making
Glass from
Sand
P
Water
Boiling
P
Salt
Dissolving
in Water
Can matter change?
P
Melting Ice
C
Burning
Wood
C
Rusting
Iron
C
Animal
Decaying
P
Water
Freezing
C
Rotting
Wood
C
Souring
Milk
C
Enzymes
Digesting
Food
P
Water
Evaporating
P
Making
Glass from
Sand
P
Water
Boiling
P
Salt
Dissolving
in Water
Can matter change?
P
Melting Ice
C
Burning
Wood
C
Rusting
Iron
C
Animal
Decaying
P
Water
Freezing
C
Rotting
Wood
C
Souring
Milk
C
Enzymes
Digesting
Food
P
Water
Evaporating
P
Making
Glass from
Sand
P
Water
Boiling
P
Salt
Dissolving
in Water
What is matter made of?
Composition of matter:
Elements
2. Compounds
3. Mixtures
1.
What is matter made of?
Composition of matter:
Elements
2. Compounds
3. Mixtures
1.
What is matter made of?
Composition of matter:
Elements
2. Compounds
3. Mixtures
1.
What is matter made of?
Composition of matter:
Elements
2. Compounds
3. Mixtures
1.
What is matter made of?
Composition of matter:
Elements
2. Compounds
3. Mixtures
1.
What is an element?
An element is a basic substance
of matter and cannot be broken
down by chemical means.
There are about 90 naturally
occurring elements. 117 have been
discovered.
What is an element?
An element is a basic substance
of matter and cannot be broken
down by chemical means.
There are about 90 naturally
occurring elements. 117 have been
discovered.
What is an element?
An element is a basic substance
of matter and cannot be broken
down by chemical means.
There are about 90 naturally
occurring elements. 117 have been
discovered.
What is an element?
An element is a basic substance
of matter and cannot be broken
down by chemical means.
There are about 90 naturally
occurring elements. 117 have been
discovered.
What is an element?
An element is a basic substance
of matter and cannot be broken
down by chemical means.
There are about 90 naturally
occurring elements. 117 have been
discovered.
What is an element?
An element is a basic substance
of matter and cannot be broken
down by chemical means.
There are about 90 naturally
occurring elements. 117 have been
discovered.
What is an element?
An element is a basic substance
of matter and cannot be broken
down by chemical means.
There are about 90 naturally
occurring elements. 117 have been
discovered.
What is an element?
An element is a basic substance
of matter and cannot be broken
down by chemical means.
There are about 90 naturally
occurring elements. 117 have been
discovered.
What is an element?
An element is a basic substance
of matter and cannot be broken
down by chemical means.
There are about 90 naturally
occurring elements. 117 have been
discovered.
What is an element?
Elements are represented by
chemical symbols (letters) shown
in the Periodic Table of the
Elements.
What is an element?
Elements are represented by
chemical symbols (letters) shown
in the Periodic Table of the
Elements.
What is an element?
Elements are represented by
chemical symbols (letters) shown
in the Periodic Table of the
Elements.
What is an element?
Elements are represented by
chemical symbols (letters) shown
in the Periodic Table of the
Elements.
Common Elements of Life
Name
Hydrogen
Symbol
H
Name
Phosphorus
Symbol
P
Oxygen
O
Potassium
K
Carbon
C
Sulfur
S
Sodium
Na
Calcium
Ca
Chlorine
Cl
Iron
Fe
Nitrogen
N
Magnesium
Mg
What is an element?
The smallest unit of an element is
an atom.
Atoms are the building blocks of
matter.
What is an element?
The smallest unit of an element is
an atom.
Atoms are the building blocks of
matter.
What is an element?
The smallest unit of an element is
an atom.
Atoms are the building blocks of
matter.
What is an element?
The smallest unit of an element is
an atom.
Atoms are the building blocks of
matter.
What is an element?
The smallest unit of an element is
an atom.
Atoms are the building blocks of
matter.
What is an atom?
Atom
Electron
Proton
Neutron
Nucleus
What is an atom?
Atom
Electron
Proton
Neutron
Nucleus
What is an atom?
Atom
Electron
Proton
Neutron
Nucleus
What is an atom?
Atom
Electron
Proton
Neutron
Nucleus
What is an atom?
Atom
Electron
Proton
Neutron
Nucleus
What is an atom?
Atom
Electron
Proton
Neutron
Nucleus
What is an atom?
Atoms have 3 subatomic particles:
Particle
Charge Mass
Proton
+
1
Neutron
0
1
Electron
-
0
Function
Symbol
Location
Add
mass
Add
mass
Bonding
p+
Nucleus
N
Nucleus
e-
Electron
Cloud
What is an atom?
Electrons orbit atoms in levels
called shells.
Atoms like to have their shells
filled.
What is an atom?
Electrons orbit atoms in levels
called shells.
Atoms like to have their shells
filled.
What is an atom?
Electrons orbit atoms in levels
called shells.
Atoms like to have their shells
filled.
What is an atom?
Electrons orbit atoms in levels
called shells.
Atoms like to have their shells
filled.
What is an atom?
K or 1st Shell – closest to the
nucleus holding up to 2 electrons
L or 2nd Shell – can hold up to a
maximum of 8 electrons
M or 3rd shell – can hold up to a
maximum of 18 electrons
What is an atom?
K or 1st Shell – closest to the
nucleus holding up to 2 electrons
L or 2nd Shell – can hold up to a
maximum of 8 electrons
M or 3rd shell – can hold up to a
maximum of 18 electrons
What is an atom?
K or 1st Shell – closest to the
nucleus holding up to 2 electrons
L or 2nd Shell – can hold up to a
maximum of 8 electrons
M or 3rd shell – can hold up to a
maximum of 18 electrons
What is an atom?
K or 1st Shell – closest to the
nucleus holding up to 2 electrons
L or 2nd Shell – can hold up to a
maximum of 8 electrons
M or 3rd shell – can hold up to a
maximum of 18 electrons
What is an atom?
K or 1st Shell – closest to the
nucleus holding up to 2 electrons
L or 2nd Shell – can hold up to a
maximum of 8 electrons
M or 3rd shell – can hold up to a
maximum of 18 electrons
What is an atom?
K or 1st Shell – closest to the
nucleus holding up to 2 electrons
L or 2nd Shell – can hold up to a
maximum of 8 electrons
M or 3rd shell – can hold up to a
maximum of 18 electrons
What is an atom?
K or 1st Shell – closest to the
nucleus holding up to 2 electrons
L or 2nd Shell – can hold up to a
maximum of 8 electrons
M or 3rd shell – can hold up to a
maximum of 18 electrons
What is an atom?
The number of protons (atomic
number) in an atom will
determine its elemental properties.
The periodic table of the elements
shows known elements by their
atomic number.
What is an atom?
The number of protons (atomic
number) in an atom will
determine its elemental properties.
The periodic table of the elements
shows known elements by their
atomic number.
What is an atom?
The number of protons (atomic
number) in an atom will
determine its elemental properties.
The periodic table of the elements
shows known elements by their
atomic number.
What is an atom?
In atoms, the number of protons
equals the number of electrons
giving the atom an overall neutral
charge.
The number of protons plus
neutrons in an atom is the atomic
mass number.
What is an atom?
In atoms, the number of protons
equals the number of electrons
giving the atom an overall neutral
charge.
The number of protons plus
neutrons in an atom is the atomic
mass number.
What is an atom?
In atoms, the number of protons
equals the number of electrons
giving the atom an overall neutral
charge.
The number of protons plus
neutrons in an atom is the atomic
mass number.
What is an atom?
In atoms, the number of protons
equals the number of electrons
giving the atom an overall neutral
charge.
The number of protons plus
neutrons in an atom is the atomic
mass number.
What is an atom?
In atoms, the number of protons
equals the number of electrons
giving the atom an overall neutral
charge.
The number of protons plus
neutrons in an atom is the atomic
mass number.
Using The Periodic Table
1
Atomic Number
H
Element Symbol
Hydrogen
1.0079
Element Name
Atomic Mass
Using The Periodic Table
1
Atomic Number
H
Element Symbol
Hydrogen
1.0079
Element Name
Atomic Mass
Using The Periodic Table
1
Atomic Number
H
Element Symbol
Hydrogen
1.0079
Element Name
Atomic Mass
Using The Periodic Table
1
Atomic Number
H
Element Symbol
Hydrogen
1.0079
Element Name
Atomic Mass
Using The Periodic Table
1
Atomic Number
H
Element Symbol
Hydrogen
1.0079
Element Name
Atomic Mass
Using The Periodic Table
Atomic Number
Mass Number
Number of protons
Number of electrons
Number of Neutrons
=8
= 16
=8
=8
=8
8
8
Using The Periodic Table
Atomic Number
Mass Number
Number of protons
Number of electrons
Number of Neutrons
=8
= 16
=8
=8
=8
8
8
Using The Periodic Table
Atomic Number
Mass Number
Number of protons
Number of electrons
Number of Neutrons
=8
= 16
=8
=8
=8
8
8
Using The Periodic Table
Atomic Number
Mass Number
Number of protons
Number of electrons
Number of Neutrons
=8
= 16
=8
=8
=8
8
8
Using The Periodic Table
Atomic Number
Mass Number
Number of protons
Number of electrons
Number of Neutrons
=8
= 16
=8
=8
=8
8
8
Using The Periodic Table
Atomic Number
Mass Number
Number of protons
Number of electrons
Number of Neutrons
=8
= 16
=8
=8
=8
8
8
Using The Periodic Table
Atomic Number
Mass Number
Number of protons
Number of electrons
Number of Neutrons
=8
= 16
=8
=8
=8
8
8
Using The Periodic Table
Atomic Number
Mass Number
Number of protons
Number of electrons
Number of Neutrons
=8
= 16
=8
=8
=8
8
8
Using The Periodic Table
Element Atomic Mass
# of
# of
# of
Number Number protons electrons neutrons
Calcium
20
40
20
20
20
Silver
47
108
47
47
61
Gold
79
197
79
79
118
Uranium
92
238
92
92
146