Download The History and Theory of Cells

THE HISTORY AND THEORY
OF CELLS
Ch. 3 Section 1
Cell
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A cell is the smallest unit that can perform all the
processes necessary for life.
Cells were not discovered until microscopes were
invented in the mid 1600s.
Cells Timeline
1665
1673
Cell Size
1839
Animal
tissue
made of
1858
cells
1838
1831
Nucleus Discovered
1873
Mitosis
Observed
1952
DNA is
hereditary
material
1997
Dolly
is
cloned
1956
Protein
production
in
ribosomes
Robert Hooke
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The first person to
describe cells.
First looked at cork cells in
1665.
He named them cells,
which means “little boxes”
in latin.
He mainly studied plant
cells because they were
easier to see. Plant cells
have cell walls.
He thought animals did not
have cells.
Return to
Timeline
Anton van Leeuwenhoek (LAY vuhn HOOK)
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Dutch man that made his own microscope in 1673.
Viewed single-celled organisms we now call protists
and bacteria.
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Studied different blood cells
Timeline
Cell Theory
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In 1838, Matthias
Schleiden studied plants.
He concluded that all
animal tissues were
made of cells.
He wrote the first two
parts of the cell theory.
In 1858, Rudolf Virchow
added the third part of
the cell theory.
Cell Theory
1.
All organisms are
made of one or more
cells.
2.
The cell is the basic unit
of all living things.
3.
All cells come from
existing cells.
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Timeline
Cell Size


Most cells are very
small. There are a
few exceptions;
chicken and ostrich
eggs.
These cells are large
because they do not
need to take in
nutrients.
Cell Size Continued
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Cells must take in food
and get rid of wastes
through their outer
surface.
As cells get larger they
need more food and
produce more waste.
The cell’s volume grows
faster than its surface
area.
Surface area-to-volume
ratio=
Surface area
volume
Prokaryotes

A prokaryote is a single-celled organism that does
not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles.
Archaea
There are three types of archaea:
1. Methane-Making: Live in deep ocean near
volcanic vents
2. Heat-Loving
3. Salt-Loving
Extremophiles (includes heat and salt loving) line in
places where conditions are considered extreme
like, hot springs and salty water.
Eukaryotes
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A eukaryote is an organism that is made of many
eukaryotic cells. These organisms are multi-cellular.
Eukaryotic cells are the largest type of cells.
These cells have a nucleus.
Labeling your Prokaryote
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Cell Wall- Green
Cell Membrane- blue
Cytoplasm- yellow
Nucleoid (DNA)- red
Flagella- orange
Pili- purple
Ribosomes- black