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Energy And Its Forms: Student Notes Energy = Life • Energy powers our planet • Without the energy from the sun, all life would perish _______________ _______________ Energy = Convenience and Comfort • We use energy every day to heat our homes, run our cars and power our gadgets • Life would be very different without it Where does it come from? • We obtain energy from many sources _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ Types of Energy • There are many forms energy can take but we will discuss 9 • List as many below as you can 1. Thermal Energy • ____________ An increase in molecular motion = an increase in temperature. Usually associated with heat energy • Thermal energy is produced through friction i.e. rubbing your hands together generates heat through friction 2. Electrical Energy • The energy carried by electrons moving from one substance (atom) to another. ___________ 3. Radiant Energy • _____________ • i.e. microwaves, visible light, radio waves. 4. Nuclear Potential Energy • The energy stored in the nucleus of an atom • Can be released during a nuclear reaction _____________ _____________ 5. Gravitational Potential Energy • ___________ • Water that is raised up gains potential energy due to its motion against gravity. Gravity wants to pull it down • If the water is allowed to move with gravity, it can be used to do something like spin a turbine to generate electricity in a hydroelectric power plant 6. Kinetic Energy • _______________ • Anything that is moving has kinetic energy • If an object gains potential energy by raising it up, it gains kinetic energy as it falls back down 7. Elastic Potential Energy • The potential energy that is stored in objects that are stretched or compressed. ___________ • Examples: a spring a bow/slingshot 8. Sound Energy • A type of energy that is produced by vibration • ____________ 9. Chemical Potential Energy • Energy is released when atomic bonds are created and is _______________ Example: When methane chemically reacts with oxygen there is a net release of energy. • Batteries store chemical energy This is chemical potential energy because the chemicals have the potential to react and release energy when the battery is used. Energy Units • No matter which form of energy you are talking about, ____________ Energy Transformation • Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can only be converted from one form to another. • Examples: The bonds within a piece of wood have chemical potential energy. It releases this chemical energy when it is burned ___________ Energy Transformation Equation • Shows the different forms the energy takes as well as the order. • Each form of energy is separated by a Example: A microwave uses electrical energy to create radiant energy (microwaves) which is transformed into thermal energy in your food. _______________________ You Try • With the person beside you, come up with at least 3 examples of energy transformation and write the proper energy transformation equation • You may NOT use any that I have previously used