Download 1 - WVU Division of Forestry and Natural Resources

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LIMNOLOGY
EXAM 3
May 3, 2005
There are 11 questions on 5 pages worth a total of 150 points. Read each question very
carefully, answer each question fully, and allocate your time accordingly.
True-False, Word Choice, Multiple Choice, (3 pts each, 24 points total)
1. High rates of photosynthesis during the day cause an increase / reduction in dissolved
oxygen, an increase / reduction in dissolved carbon dioxide, and an increase / reduction
in pH.
2. Diel variation in dissolved oxygen concentrations is expected to be greatest in the littoral
zone / pelagic zone of oligotrophic / eutrophic lakes.
3. (True or False) Human sources of fixed nitrogen currently exceed natural sources.
4. Which combination of characteristics IS representative of a eutrophic lake?
a. TP = 10 mg/L, TN = 500 mg/L, Chl a = 10 mg/L, Secchi Depth = 1 m
b. TP = 100 mg/L, TN = 2000 mg/L, Chl a = 25 mg/L, Secchi Depth = 1 m
c. TP = 30 mg/L, TN = 300 mg/L, Chla = 2 mg/L, Secchi Depth = 10 m
d. TP = 100 mg/L, TN = 2000 mg/L, Chl a = 25 mg/L, Secchi Depth = 10 m
5. Increasing nutrient levels in a lake from an oligotrophic condition to a mesotrophic condition
will tend to:
a. Result in increased productivity at all trophic levels
b. Result in decreased diversity of phytoplankton
c. Shift from a coldwater to coolwater fish community (depending on elevation and
lake size).
d. A and B
e. A and C
f. All of the above
6. Increasing nutrient levels in a lake from a mesotrophic condition to a eutrophic condition will
tend to:
a. Result in increased productivity at all trophic levels
b. Result in decreased diversity of phytoplankton
c. Shift from a coolwater to warmwater fish community (depending on elevation and
lake size).
d. A and B
e. A and C
f. All of the above
7. (True or False) Parthenogenesis is a predator avoidance strategy used by Chaoborus.
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8. Increasing piscivore levels in a eutrophic lake will tend to NOT:
a. Cause a decrease in planktivorous fish populations
b. Cause an increase in Chaoborus populations
c. Cause an increase in large zooplankton
d. Reduce the occurrence of algal blooms
e. Cause a decrease in blue green algae abundance
f. Cause a decrease in algae diversity
9. (60 points) Matching.
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2
3
4
% tolerant
allochthonous
Alosa sp.
Anabaena
26
27
28
29
eutrophication
flocculation
Flood Pulse Concept
functional feeding group
52
52
53
54
Pyrrophyta
retentiveness
Riverine Productivity Model
rotifers
5
Asplanchna
6
7
8
9
10
autochthonous
Baccillariophycae
Baetidae
bioassessment
biofilm
30
31
32
33
34
35
G. E. Hutchinson
Glossosomatidae
grazers
Huryn and Wallace
Hydropsychidae
integumental respiration
55
56
57
58
59
60
S. R. Carpenter
Serial Discontinuity Concept
setae
shredders
Simuliidae
Size-efficiency hypothesis
11
12
biomanipulation
Chaoborus
13
14
15
16
Chrysophycae
clear water phase
clinograge
Clupeidae
36
37
38
39
40
41
Intermediate Predator Hypothesis
McQueen
Meyer and Edwards
microcrustacea
mixotrophic
mucilagenous sheath
61
62
63
64
65
Size-selective predation
tracheal gills
Vanni
WVSCI
zooplankton
17
18
19
20
collectors
coronal cilia
cyclomorphis
Daphnia
21
22
23
Desmids
DeVries
Dinobryon
42
43
44
45
46
47
nutrient loading
nutrient loading
orthograde
parthenogenesis
photo-inhibition
phytoplankton
24
25
EPT taxa
48
49
50
piscivore
planktivore
Pteronarcydae
managing piscivore populations to reduce phytoplankton blooms and hypereutrophic lakes
limnologist well known for development and tests of the "Trophic Cascade" hypothesis in lakes
species of midge, aka "Phantom Midge"
golden algae
explanation for why average zooplankton size increases when planktivorous fish are absent
from a lake - based on relative competitive abilities between small and large plankton
common species of chrysophycae
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change in body form of zooplankton over successive generations
species of cyanobacteria common in temperate lakes and ponds
autotrophic drifting organisms
an alternative to the RCC, which states that large rivers are strongly dependent on sources of
energy from the surrounding floodplains
classification of stream invertebrates on the basis of what and how they eat
explanation for why average zooplankton size increases when planktivorous fish are absent
from a lake - based on increased predation of small zooplankton by Chaoborus
family of mayflies that are important collector-gatherers
group of true green algae
feeding mode used by zooplanktion such as rotifers
multimetric index of biological condition
Physical, chemical, and biological response of an aquatic system to high nutrient loading rates
Increase in nutrient concentrations in a water body over time
family of fishes that are common planktivores in lakes
explanation for why average zooplankton size decreases in the presence of planktivorous fish
heterotrophic drifting organisms
form of asexual reproduction found in rotifers and cladocerans
fish species that is an important consumer of zooplankton in lakes
species of rotifer, aka "Bag-O-Guts"
an alternative to the RCC, which states that large rivers are strongly dependent on sources of
energy from local photosynthesis
family of caddisflies that are important collector-filterers
autotrophic dinoflagellates
distribution of dissolved oxygen with depth often observed in oligotrophic lakes
Short Answer and Discussion
10. (8 points) List 4 reasons why fishes have limited effects on stream benthic invertebrates.
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11. (24 points) Compare the importance of death and decomposition of blue green algae
in lakes and death and decomposition of periphyton in streams as critical elements
in lake and stream food webs (use diagrams where possible).
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12. (34 points) An important criticism of both the River Continuum Concept for streams
and the Trophic Cascade Hypothesis for lakes is that they are too simplistic to
capture the essential complexities of real aquatic systems. Discuss how scientific
studies designed to test expectations of each theory have improved our
understanding of lake and stream ecosystems (refer to specific studies and their
authors for full credit).
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