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Ch. 19 Chart Notes Human Stages & Body Systems Notes 1) The average human life span (from birth to death) is 75 years. This chart traces the basic stages of human development: Sperm + Zygote Embryo Fetus Infant Child Adolescent Adult Egg =fertilization 4) Describe the First-line of Defenses in the Human Body 2) 1 Skin - keeps most disease-causing organisms from entering the body 2 Digestive system – has saliva, mucus, and chemicals that protect the body Esophagus 3 Circulatory system – has white blood cells that destroy disease causing organisms Stomach 4 Respiratory system – traps disease causing organism with mucus and hair-like structures called cillia Large Intestine 3) The Circulatory System Trace the path blood takes Heart Arteries 3) Continued: Veins Capillaries The blood begins in the heart and goes through the lungs to gain oxygen and deposit carbon dioxide. Then, the blood travels back to the heart where it is pumped through arteries to the capillaries in various parts of the body. Finally, it is returned to the heart through the veins.