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Reproduction How much should be invested in each offspring? Why so many sperm? • Why do males produce thousands of sperm rather than one sperm for one egg? • Listen to the following audio recording to learn more. • Apply this information to complete the worksheet. How much to invest in an egg? • Animals have a certain amount of resources for reproduction • They can lay many small eggs, of which only a few will be fertilised and then survive – Invest little per egg • They can lay larger eggs (with more yolk) or give birth to live young, producing less eggs, but each one having a larger chance of being fertilised and surviving. – Invest a lot per egg What environmental conditions lead to a smaller/ larger investment? • Read notes from page 374-376 – Why broadcast spawn at sea? – Why broadcast spawn during flood events? – What sort of conditions would be best for laying demersal eggs? – What sort of increased investment is seen in species that lay demersal eggs? R or K- selection? • Read your notes from 381-382 – Animals that have one breeding season are likely to be ____________________ – Define fecundity – A risk of r-selection is self fertilisation. How can this be avoided? Linking r/K-selection to understanding oviparous and viviparous animals • Read notes from 383-387 – Why do animals that lay eggs in a terrestrial environment have to invest more in each egg? – What would be the difference between the eggs of r-selected species and K-selected species? – What is the difference between egg-yolk viviparity and placental viviparity? • Would these strategies show r or K-selection? SAC • We have a SAC next Monday • This will cover all of chapter 11 and 12 • You will be expected to be able to – – – – – Identify types of behaviour (both innate and learned) Mating systems Plant behaviour (data analysis) Discuss reproductive investment (r of K selected) You will be given scenarios or data and be asked to predict behaviour or reproductive strategies. – Marks will be awarded on your ability to use the language and argue your theory