Download RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES

RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES,
KARNATAKA, BENGALURU .
COMPLETED PROFORMA FOR REGISTRATIONOF SUBJECT FOR DISSERTATION
“A PHYTO-PHARMACEUTICO AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF
CHITRAKA KWATHA W.S.R. TO ITS DIFFERENT REDUCTION CRITERIA ”
BY ,
DR. SNEHA PAI,
M.D (Ayu) SCHOLAR,
DEPT. OF P.G. STUDIES IN BHAISHAJYA KALPANA,
S.D.M COLLEGE OF AYURVEDA,
KUTHPADY, UDUPI – 574118.
GUIDE
DR.ASHOK KUMAR B.N,
M.D. (Ayu)
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR,
DEPT. OF P.G. STUDIES IN BHAISHAJYA KALPANA,
S.D.M. COLLEGE OF AYURVEDA,
KUTHPADY, UDUPI-574118.
CO-GUIDES
Dr. SUDHEENDRA V. HONWAD,
Dr. B. RAVISHANKAR,
M.D. (Ayu)
M.Sc, Ph.D (Pharmacology)
LECTURER,
DIRECTOR,
DEPT. OF P.G STUDIES IN RASASHASTRA,
S.D.M CENTRE FOR RESEARCH IN
S.D.M. COLLEGE OF AYURVEDA,
AYURVEDA AND ALLIED SCIENCES,
KUTHPADY, UDUPI-574118.
S.D.M. COLLEGE OF AYURVEDA,
KUTHPADY, UDUPI-574118.
2011-2012
S.D.M. COLLEGE OF AYURVEDA,
KUTHPADY, UDUPI-574118.
-1-
FROM,
DR.SNEHA PAI ,
M.D.(Ayu), SCHOLAR ,
DEPT. OF P.G. STUDIES IN BHAISHAJYA KALPANA,
S.D.M. COLLEGE OF AYURVEDA,
KUTHPADY, UDUPI - 574118
TO,
THE REGISTRAR,
RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES,
BENGALURU – KARNATAKA.
THROUGH,
THE PRINCIPAL,
S.D.M. COLLEGE OF AYURVEDA,
KUTHPADY, UDUPI – 574118.
Respected Sir,
Sub: Submission of completed proforma for registration of subject for dissertation.
I request you to kindly register the below mentioned subject against my name for the
submission of the dissertation to the Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Bangalore
for the partial fulfillment of M.D ( Ayu ) in BHAISHAJYA KALPANA.
Title of Dissertation:
“A PHYTO-PHARMACEUTICO AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF CHITRAKA
KWATHA W.S.R. TO ITS DIFFERENT REDUCTION CRITERIA ”
Here with, I am enclosing completed proforma for registration of subject for Dissertation.
Thanking You,
Your’s faithfully,
Place: Udupi
Date:
[ Dr. SNEHA PAI ]
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1) NAME OF THE CANDIDATE
:
DR.SNEHA PAI,
M.D(Ayu) SCHOLAR,
DEPT.OF P.G.STUDIES IN
BHAISHAJYA KALPANA,
S.D.M.COLLEGE OF AYURVEDA,
KUTHPADY, UDUPI-574118.
PERMANENT ADDRESS
:
DR. SNEHA PAI,
D/O SADANAND M. PAI ,
‘MAHALASA KRIPA’,
1ST CROSS, VIVEK NAGAR,
KUMTA – 581343,
UTTARA KANNADA DISTRICT,
KARNATAKA.
2) NAME OF THE INSTITUTION
:
S.D.M. COLLEGE OF AYURVEDA,
KUTHPADY, UDUPI-574118,
KARNATAKA.
3) COURSE OF STUDY AND
SUBJECT
:
M.D. (AYURVEDA) IN BHAISHAJYA
KALPANA
4) DATE OF ADMISSION OF
COURSE
5) TITLE OF THE TOPIC STUDY
:
2ND NOVEMBER 2011
:
“A PHYTO-PHARMACEUTICO AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF
CHITRAKA KWATHA W.S.R. TO ITS DIFFERENT REDUCTION CRITERIA”
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6. BRIEF RESUME OF THE INTENDED WORK :
6.1.Need for the study :
A drug becomes oushadha or medicine only when it is subjected to kalpana. Kalpana
means a preparatory method or a procedure. Kashaya or kwatha is one among the 5 basic
dosage forms mentioned by acharya Charaka1. In this kalpana , the drug is boiled with
specific quantity of water and reduced to a specific portion.
Acharya Harita in his Harita Samhita has mentioned saptavidha kashaya 2 based on
pharmacological actions that is, deepana, pachana,shodhana, shamana, tarpana and vishoshi
kashaya. Here the proportion of drug and water is same i.e. 1 part drug and 16 parts water,
but they differ in their reduction and action too.
This is probably because not all water soluble phyto- chemical constituents may get
dissolved in water in all forms at a time, they may either get converted, diminished or
destroyed depending on the dilution, concentration, duration and the temperature during the
preparation of kashaya. So, to asses the rationality present behind this concept, the study on “
a phyto-pharmaceutico analytical and experimental study of chitraka kwatha w.s.r. to
its different reduction criteria ” is undertaken.
6.2 Review of the literature :
1. The preparation of kashaya is well explained in Sharangadhara Samhita3 .
2. The preparation of kashaya based on pharmacological action is explained in Harita
Samhita2.
3. The properties and therapeutic uses of chitraka are found in

Charaka samhita 1

Susruta samhita 4

Astanga sangraha 5

Bhavaprakasha Nighantu 6
4. The analytical study will be conducted by following the reference from quality control
manual for Ayurvedic, Siddha & Unani medicine7.
5. The experimental study will be conducted as per the reference: Dixit Upendra et.al,
“concept of panchamahabhoota and its utility in chikitsa” , dissertation submitted to
Gujarat Ayurved University , Jamnagar ( 1995 ) , for assesment of deepana and
pachana activity 8.
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Previous work done :
1. Sharma A ,“chitraka vimarsha ( guna –karmatmaka vanaspatika adhyayana evam agni
dosha par karmukatva ka pareeksha)”, Rajasthan University, Jaipur, 19889.
2. Shah Meeta, “study on lekhaneeya dashemani w.s.r. to haridra and chitraka ”, Gujarat
Ayurved University, Jamnagar, 199110.
3. Simhadri, “study on Lekhaneeya dashemani w.s.r.to musta and chitraka in sthoulya”
Andhra Pradesh University, Vijayawada, 199911.
4. Giridhar V, “an experimental study on the effect of anti-thrombotic effect of chitraka,
vidanga and musta”, Andhra Pradesh University, Vijayawada, 200312.
5. Seema M.B, “evaluation of deepana ,pachana and shamana kashaya kalpana in the
management of Amlapitta”, Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Karnataka,
200113.
6.3 Objective of the study :
The aim of this study is :
1. To do comprehensive review of kashaya kalpana and the drug chitraka.
2. To do pharmaceutical observation of kashaya kalpana when reduced to different
proportions.
3. To do analytical study of chitraka kashaya at different reduction levels.
4. To do the experimental study of deepana and pachana action of chitraka kashaya
when it is reduced to different proportions.
7.MATERIALS AND METHODS :
7.1 Source of data :
A. Literary source :
Major literary source is Ayurvedic classical textbooks. Information will be collected from
modern texts and relevant research literature also.
B.Pharmaceutical source:
Shodhita chitraka moola14 which will be required for the preperation of the kashaya will be
collected from S.D.M. Ayurveda Pharmacy, Udupi.
C.Analytical source :
Analytical study will be carried out in S.D.M. centre for research in Ayurveda and allied
sciences, Udupi.
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The samples of chitraka kashaya will be analysed with the following tests :
1. organoleptic characters
2. phytochemical assay
3. chromatographical study
D.Experimental source:
24 Wistar strain albino rats will be collected from the S.D.M. central animal house.
7.2 Method of collectionof data :
1.Pharmaceutical study :
Chitraka kashaya will be prepared as per Harita samhita reference 2 and the pharmaceutical
profile of the kashaya will be delineated as per the protocol prescribed by AYUSH.
2.Analytical study :
The samples of chitraka kashaya will be analysed with the following tests :
A.Organoleptic characters

Colour

Taste

Odour

Appearance
B. Physio-chemical assay

pH

Refractive index

Loss on drying

Specific gravity

Ash value

Acid insoluble ash

Water insoluble ash

Percentage of total solid contents
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C. Chromatographical study
TLC /HPTLC.
3.Experimental study :
Materials to be used :
Study of action of chitraka kashaya (decoction) when prepared by following different
reduction criteria, on quantity of food intake and quantity of stool (deepana and pachana)
formation, amount of water consumed. Based on the data related to food consumption and
fecal excretion food conversion ratio would be carried out. This study will be carried out on
24 albino rats, selected randomly from the animal house of S.D.M.C.A. Udupi, which will be
grouped into four groups.
Inclusion criteria :
Healthy adult albino rats of either sex weighing 150-200 gm.
Exclusion criteria :

Diseased rats and rats subjected to other experiment.

Rats below 150g and above 200g body weight.
Grouping :
Each group includes 6 rats.
Group 1 ( control group ) - Distilled water
Group 2 ( drug control ) - Chitraka kwatha ( prepared by 3/4th reduction)
Group 3 ( deepana ) - Chitraka kwatha ( prepared by 1/10 th reduction )
Group 4 ( pachana ) - Chitraka kwatha ( prepared by ½ reduction )
Route of drug adminstration : Oral
Dose calculation :
Human dose x Body surface area constant of the rat x 5
= H. Dose x 0.018x5 / k.g body weight
=48 ml x 0.018 x5/ k.g body weight
=4.32ml/ k.g body weight
Every day, freshly prepared kwatha will be utilised for the study.
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Duration of the experiment :15 days
Assessment criteria :
Each rat from four groups will be kept in separate metabolic cage with constant amount of
water and food per day. To each rat, 150 ml water and 30g food will be available in the food
hopper and bottle holder per day. After 24 hours, the amount of water and food remaining in
the respective holders will be measured to obtain the quantity of water and food consumed
per day. Simultaneously, the quantity of stool and urine collected from the rats will also be
measured. This will be recorded initially for consecutive 5 days without administering the
drug to the rats to obtain base line data of each rat. Sixth day onwards, the drug will be
administered and the same procedure will be repeated for 10 more days. Quantity of stool and
urine will be measured every day. On the 1st ,10 th and 15
th
day, the weight of each rat from
all the groups will be noted.

Determination of deepana activity will be done on the basis of quantity of food
consumed and by the quantity of fecal matter and urine collected from the rats.

Pachana action will be ascertained on the basis of calculation of food conversion ratio.
(Food consumed /fecal expulsion) .

Increase in food consumption without increase in the food conversion ratio would be
considered as Deepana effect and increase in food conversion ratio would be
considered as Pachana effect.
Statistical plan :
The data obtained shall be subjected to students ‘t’ test for both paired and unpaired data. A
p<0.05 would be considered as statistically significant.
7.3 Does the study require any investigation or intervention to be conducted on patient
or other humans or animals ? If so please describe briefly.
Study will be conducted on albino rats of either sex.
7.4 Has ethical clearance been obtained from your institution in case of 7.3 ?
Yes, concurrence has been obtained from the ethical committee and copy is enclosed.
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8. List of references :
1. Acharya Agnivesha, Charaka samhita, elaborated by Charaka & Dridabala with
Ayurveda deepika commentary by Chakrapani Datta edited by Vaidya Yadavji Trikamji
Acharya, 2011 edition, published by Choukamba Sanskrit Sansthana, Varanasi, , Pp-738,
pg no.131.
2. Acharya Harita, Harita samhita,with ‘Nirmala’ hindi commentary, edited and translated
by Vaidya Jaymini Pandey, publisher Chaukhambha Visvabharati , Varanasi, U.P,2010
edition ,Pp -544, pg no.187.
3. Pandit Sharangadharacharya, Sharangadhara samhita, son of Pandita Damodara, with the
commentaries Adhamallas “Deepika” and Kashiramas “Gudaartha Deepika”, edited with
footnotes by Pandit Parashuram Shastry Vidya Sagar, Publisher Chaukhambha orientalia
, Varanasi, 2008 edition , Pp-398, pg no. 35.
4. Acharya Susruta, Susruta Samhita , with commentaries“Nibandhasangraha” by Sri
Dalhanacharya and “Nyayachandrika Panjika ” by Sri Gayadasacharya on Nidanasthana,
,edited by Vaidya Yadavaji Trikamji Acharya (from the begining to 9th adhyaya of
chikitsasthana and the rest by Narayana Ram Acharya ‘Kavyatirta’ , publisher
Choukhambha Orientalia, Varanasi, U.P, 2010 edition, Pp-824, pg no. 166.
5. Acharya Vahata or Vridhavagbhata, Astanga sangraha, with “sasilekha ”commentary by
Sri Indu, prologue in sanskrit and english by Prof. Jyotir Mitra, edited by Dr.Shivprasad
Sharma, publisher Chowkhamba Sanskrit series office, Varanasi, U.P, 2008 edition, Pp965 , pg no.124.
6. Sri Bhavamisra (c.1500-1600 A.D ), Bhavaprakasha nighantu (Indian Materia
Medica),commentary by Prof.K.C.Chunekar, edited by Late Dr.G.S.Pandey, publisher
Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, Varanasi, 2010 edition, Pp-960, pg no.21.
7. Lohar D.R, Protocol for testing Ayurvedic, Siddha and Unani Medicines, Govt. of India,
Department of AYUSH, Ministry of health and Family welfare,
Pharmacopoeial laboratory for Indian medicine, Gaziabad, pp. 200, pg no. 21.
8. Dixit Upendra , “ Concept of panchamahabhoota and its utility in chikitsa ”, Gujarat
Ayurved University, Jamnagar, 1995.
9. Sharma A , “ Chitraka vimarsha (guna –karmatmaka vanaspatika adhyayana evam agni
dosha par karmukatva ka pareeksha) ” , Rajasthan University ,Jaipur, 1988.
10. Shah Meeta , “ A study on lekhaneeya dashemani w.s.r. to Haridra and Chitraka” ,
Gujarat Ayurved University, Jamnagar, 1991.
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11. Simhadri , “A study on Lekhaneeya dashemani w.s.r.to Musta and Chitraka in sthoulya
”, Andhra Pradesh University, Vijayawada, 1999.
12. Giridhar V , “An experimental study on the effect of anti-thrombotic effect of Chitraka,
Vidanga and Musta ”, Andhra Pradesh University, Vijayawada, 2003.
13. Seema M.B , “ Evaluation of deepana , pachana and shamana kashaya kalpana in the
management of Amlapitta”, Taranath Govt.Ayurvedic Medical college, Bellary, Rajiv
Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Karnataka, 2001.
14. Pranacharya shree Sadananda Sharma, Rasatarangini with “Prasadanee” sanskrit
commentry by Ayurveda Acharya shree Haridatta Shastri and “Rasavijnana” Hindi
commentry by Ayurveda Acharya Pandit Dharmananda Shastri, editor Pandit Kashinath
Shastri, Publisher Choukhamba Publications, Delhi, 2004 edition, Pp- 772, pg no-753.
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9)SIGNATURE OF THE CANDIDATE :
10)REMARKS OF THE GUIDE
:
11)NAME AND DESIGNATION
:
11.1) GUIDE
:
Dr.ASHOK KUMAR B.N,
M.D (Ayu)
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR,
DEPT. OF P.G. STUDIES
IN BHAISHAJYA KALPANA,
S.D.M. COLLEGE OF AYURVEDA,
KUTHPADY, UDUPI-574118.
11.2)SIGNATURE
:
11.3) A. CO-GUIDE
:
Dr.SUDHEENDRA V. HONWAD ,
M.D (Ayu)
LECTURER,
DEPT.OF P.G.STUDIES
IN RASASHASTRA,
S.D.M. COLLEGE OF AYURVEDA,
KUTHPADY, UDUPI-574118.
11.4) SIGNATURE
11.3) B. CO-GUIDE
:
:
Dr.B. RAVISHANKAR ,
M.Sc,Ph.D (pharmacology)
DIRECTOR ,
S.D.M. CENTRE FOR RESEARCH IN
AYURVEDA AND ALLIED SCIENCES,
S.D.M. COLLEGE OF AYURVEDA,
KUTHPADY, UDUPI- 574118.
11.5) SIGNATURE
:
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11.6)HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT :DR.PRABHAKARA UPADHYAYA RANJAL
M.D.(Ayu)
PROFESSOR & HOD ,
DEPT. OF PG STUDIES IN
RASASHASTRA AND BHAISHAJYA KALPANA,
S.D.M. COLLEGE OF AYURVEDA,
KUTHPADY, UDUPI-574118.
11.7)SIGNATURE
:
12) REMARKS OF THE
CHAIRMAN & PRINCIPAL
12.1) SIGNATURE
:
:
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