Download Midterm Review

Name ______________________________________ Period _____ Date ________________
Midterm review
Definition
Unit
Equipment used to
measure it
Explain how to measure it
using the equipment
1.
MASS
2.
VOLUME
3.
LENGTH
4.
TEMPERATUR
E
5.
Metric Conversions – determine the correct metric conversion and place your answer in the blank provided.
a. 10 cL = ______________________ mL
b. 25 kg = ______________________ g
c. 5 g = _________________________ mg
d. 1mL = ________________________ cL
e. 1 cL = _______________________ dL
f. 1 dL = ________________________ L
SPS8. Students will determine relationships among force, mass, and motion.
a. Calculate velocity and acceleration.
b. Apply Newton’s three laws to everyday situations by explaining the following:
●Inertia
● Relationship between force, mass and acceleration
●Equal and opposite forces
c. Relate falling objects to gravitational force
d. Explain the difference in mass and weight.
e. Calculate amounts of work and mechanical advantage using simple machines.
Solve the following word problems. Be sure the write what you know, where you are going, the formula, the work, and the correct
answer, all with correct units.
6. A jogger runs the first 1000 meters west of a race in 250 seconds. What is the jogger’s
speed? His velocity?
7.
The space shuttle travels in an orbit at 21,000km/hr. How far will it travel after 5.0
hours?
8.
A car accelerates from 0 to 72 km/hr in 8.0 seconds. What was the car’s acceleration?
9.
Katelyn drops a rock down a mine shaft. If it takes 3.0s for the rock to hit the bottom of
the shaft, what was the speed of the rock right before impact? The distance the rock
travelled was 24m.
10. For each of the force drawings below, calculate the net for each.
a.
b.
11. Does the picture show balanced forces or unbalanced forces? How do you know?
12. A ball is thrown straight up in the air. According to Newton’s First Law of
Motion, what is the reason for the ball falling back to the earth?
a. It is accelerating in the same direction as Earth's gravitational force on it.
b. The change in the ball's acceleration is proportional to the force acting on it.
c. A force has acted upon it
d. The ball exerts a force on the air surrounding it.
13. Newton’s Third Law of Motion describes
a. Why forces act in pairs
b. All aspects of an object’s motion
c. Motion when a balanced force acts on an object.
d. Motion when an unbalanced force acts on an object.
14. A force
a. Can cause an object to change its motion
c. Is a push or pull
b. Gives energy to an object
d. can do all of the above
15. Which of the following is true about an object in free fall?
a. The only force acting on it is gravity
b. It pulls on Earth and Earth pull on it
c. It has no inertia
d. its momentum is constant
16. The two parts of Newton’s Second Law are that force equals
a. Action and reaction
b. Mass times acceleration
c. Acceleration due to gravity divided by mass
d. Friction minus gravity
17. A force that opposes motion is
a. Freefall
b. friction
c. conduction
d. reflection
18. A Honda Civic can get from 0 to 60mph faster than an 18-wheeler because it has less
a. Refraction
b. energy
c. inertia
d. acceleration
Write the formula, plug in the numbers with units, and write the correct answer.
19. What force is required to accelerate a 20kg object at 5m/s2.
20. 3A force of 50N is applied to a 10kg object. Calculate the
acceleration.
21. What is the force/weight of a 90kg object that is accelerating due
to gravity?
22. A person falls from an airplane. After 10 seconds, how fast will
she be going?
23. You find that 30N is needed to move a chair. You move the chair
8 meters. How much work do you do?
24. A 500N skydiver jumps from an altitude of 3000m. How much
work does she do?
25. A lever exerts a 250N effort force to lift a 1250N object, what is
the MA of the lever?
26. Find the MA of the lever to the right.
27. What is the MA of the ramp in the figure below?
28. Look at the figures below. Explain how the mechanical advantage for
each pulley to the right.
29. How can you increase the mechanical advantage of an inclined plane?
30. How can you increase the mechanical advantage of a lever?
31. Classify the following as a type of potential energy or kinetic energy (use the letters K or P)
a.
A bicyclist pedaling up a hill
_____
d. An archer with his bow drawn
_____
b.
A volleyball player spiking a ball
_____
e. A baseball thrown to second base
_____
c.
The chemical bonds in sugar
_____
f. The wind blowing through your hair
_____
32. Looking at the roller coaster below, circle which is greater at each letter, Kinetic or Potential energy.
W.
Kinetic Energy
Potential Energy
X.
Kinetic Energy
Potential Energy
Y.
Kinetic Energy
Potential Energy
Z.
Kinetic Energy
Potential Energy
33. The transfer of thermal energy by collisions between touching particles is called
a. Radiation
b. Conduction
c. Convection
d. Evaporation
34. When one end of an iron poker is put into the edge of a fire the other end of the poker gets hot due to what form of heat
transfer?
a. Convection
b. Magnetism
c. Radiation
d. Conduction
35. How much heat is needed to raise the temperature of a piece of granite with a mass of 55g from 20°C to 37°C if the specific
heat of granite is 0.79 J/g°C?
Identify the method of heat transfer that takes place in each illustration.
36. Snowman melting
in the sun
______________________
37. Warming hands
over a radiator
________________________
38. Frying cooking in a
hot fry pan.
____________________________
40. The time from the beginning to the end of the wave train in each situation is 1 second.
Wave 1
a.
b.
c.
How many waves are there in this wave train? __________
Mark a single wavelength on the wave above.
Explain how you would determine the frequency of this wave. What is the unit for frequency?
In the table below, read the property and place a checkmark ( √ ) if it is a property of Sound or Light or Both.
PROPERTY
SOUND
LIGHT
BOTH
41. The energy of the wave travels, not the medium.
42. Compressional wave.
43. Non-mechanical wave.
44. Travels the fastest in air.
45. Can travel through all solids.
46. Can travel through empty space.
47. Wavelength is measured from crest to crest.
48. Has a measured frequency.
49. Wave can be reflected.
50. Wave can be refracted.
The illustration below represents the law of reflection. Copy the letters from the illustration next to the term they stand for.
_____ 51. Normal
_____ 52. Angle of reflection
_____ 53. Reflected beam
_____ 54. Incident beam
_____ 55. Angle of incidence
56. State the law of Reflection.
57. In the box below, draw what a wave would look like as it passes through the
slit and continues in the direction of the arrow.
58. The wave to the right does this due to which property: REFLECTION
REFRACTION DIFFRACTION INTERFERENCE
59. Figure 3 is an example of what type of interference?
a. constructive
b. destructive
c. both constructive and destructive
d. neither constructive nor destructive
60. What would happen to the sound in #59:
IT WOULD GET
LOUDER
IT WOULD GET SOFTER
Figure 3
61. In the figure to the right, list which property allows light to be bent in the lens.
62. Sound waves must travel in a medium. Explain how this happens and indicate which
mediums are best for sound to travel through.
63. You are standing at the crosswalk waiting to cross the street. Explain why the pitch of a sound goes up and then down when an
ambulance passes you. What is the name of this effect?
63. Explain each of the below and give an example of each.
a. Charging by Friction
b. Charging by Induction
c. Charging by Conduction
64. A type of circuit that only has one route for the electric current to travel is known as a __________________________.
65. A type of circuit that has more than one route for the electric current to travel is known as _______________________.
66. Christmas lights are wired in ___________________________.
67. Houses are wired in _______________________________.
68. What is static electricity? _________________________________________________________________________________
69. In electricity, which particles are moving? ____________________________
70. A material that does not conduct electricity well is known as a _____________________________.
71. A material that does conduct electricity well is known as a _______________________________.
72. Which type of current does not have a reverse direction? ___________________________