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Family Health Childrens Health There is a good guide on the NHS website which describes various conditions affecting children. There is advice on how to diagnose them, how to treat them and if further advice should be consulted. NHS childhood illness slideshow Fevers Most symptoms of a fever in young children can be managed at home with infant paracetamol. If the fever is very high, they may have an infection that needs treating with antibiotics. http://www.calpol.co.uk/illnesses-symptoms/fever-high-temperature http://www.bupa.co.uk/individuals/health-information/directory/f/fever http://www.patient.co.uk/health/fever-high-temperature-in-children Head Lice Head lice are insects that live on the scalp and neck. They may make your head feel itchy. Although head lice may be embarrassing and sometimes uncomfortable, they don't usually cause illness. However, they won't clear up on their own and you need to treat them promptly Head Lice Factsheet NHS Choices Nosebleeds Nosebleeds (also known as epistaxis) are fairly common, especially in children, and can generally be easily treated. St Johns Ambulance NHS Choices These links all come from trusted resources but if you are unsure about these or any other medical matters please contact your doctor or pharmacist for advice Women’s health Cervical Screening (Smear Tests) Cervical screening is a method of preventing cervical cancer by detecting abnormal cells in the cervix (lower part of the womb). Cervical screening is not a test for cancer, but it is a test to check the health of the cervix. Most women's test results show that everything is normal. But for one in 20 women, the test will show some changes in the cells of the cervix. Most of these changes will not lead to cervical cancer and the cells will go back to normal on their own. In some cases, the abnormal cells need to be treated to prevent them becoming a problem later. NHS Choices - Cervical Screening The why, when & how guide to cervical screening Cervical Screening This factsheet is for women who would like information about having a cervical smear test for screening. This means having the test when you don't have any symptoms. HPV Vaccination Since September 2008 there has been a national programme to vaccinate girls aged 12-13 against human papilloma virus (HPV). There is also a three-year catch up campaign that will offer the HPV vaccine (also known as the cervical cancer jab) to 13-18 year old girls. The programme is delivered largely through secondary schools, and consists of three injections that are given over a six-month period. In the UK, more than 1.4 million doses have been given since the vaccination programme started. What is Human papilloma virus (HPV)? Human papilloma virus (HPV) is the name of a family of viruses that affect the skin and the moist membranes that line your body, such as those in your cervix, anus, mouth and throat. These membranes are called the mucosa. There are more than 100 different types of HPV viruses, with about 40 types affecting the genital area. These are classed as high risk and low risk. How you get HPV? Types of HPV that affect the skin can be passed on by skin contact with an affected person. The types of HPV that affect the mouth and throat can be passed on through kissing. Genital HPV is usually spread through intimate, skin to skin, contact during sex. You can have the genital HPV virus for years and not have any sign of it. How HPV can cause cervical cancer? Most HPV infections are harmless or cause genital warts, however some types can cause cervical cancer. Most HPV infections clear up by themselves, but in some people the infection can last a long time. HPV infects the cells of the surface of the cervix where it can stay for many years without you knowing. The HPV virus can damage these cells leading to changes in their appearance. Over time, these changes can develop into cervical cancer. The purpose of cervical screening (testing) is to detect these changes, which, if picked up early enough, can be treated to prevent cancer happening. If they are left untreated, cancer can develop and may lead to serious illness and death. Cancer Research UK HPV Facts and information NHS Choices - HPV Vaccination Why, how and when is the vaccination given and what are the side effects HPV Vaccine This factsheet is for people who would like information about the human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccine. Men’s health According to NHS Choices: "British men are paying the price for neglecting their health: more than 100,000 men a year die prematurely. On average, men go to their GP half as often as women. It's important to be aware of changes to your health, and to see your GP immediately if you notice something that's not right." Find out more Sexual Problems It’s estimated that one man in 10 has a problem related to having sex, such as premature ejaculation or erectile dysfunction. Dr John Tomlinson of The Sexual Advice Association explains some of the causes, and where to seek help. Find our more on NHS Choices Testicular Cancer Testicular cancer, though the most common cancer in young men, it is still quite rare. With 2000 new cases being diagnosed each year, this makes it the biggest cause of cancer related death in 15 - 35-year-old males. It accounts for around 70 deaths a year within the UK alone. The most common symptom of testicular cancer is swelling or a pea- sized lump in one of the testes (balls). There is no current screening test therefore it is important that you look out for the follwoing signs and symptoms. A dull ache, or sharp pain, in your testicles, or scrotum, which may come and go A feeling of heaviness in your scrotum A dull ache in your lower abdomen A sudden collection of fluid in your scrotum Fatigue, and generally feeling unwell. NHS - Information on Testicular Cancer BUPA - Testicular Cancer Prostate Cancer Each year about 36,000 men in the UK are diagnosed with prostate cancer, making it the most common cancer in men. It mainly affects men aged over 50. Symptoms difficulty in starting to pass urine a weak, sometimes intermittent flow of urine dribbling of urine before and after urinating a frequent or urgent need to pass urine rarely, blood in your urine or semen and pain when passing urine These symptoms aren't always caused by prostate cancer but if you have them, see your GP. Find out more about the symptoms, causes and diagnosis of prostate cancer by using the resources below. BUPA - Prostate Cancer NHS Choices - Prostate Cancer Sexual Health Both men and women need to look after their sexual health and take time to understand the issues that surround contraception and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). For instance there are some STIs, like chlamydia, that you could be carrying without having any symptoms. This infection can affect fertility, so it's important to make use of the sexual health services available for free on the NHS. Useful Resources: Sex & Young People A comprehensive guide to the questions you may have about sex from the NHS Sexually Transmitted Infections Issues, symptoms and treatments Sexual Health FAQs Expert answers from a qualified Doctor Netdoctor Here you'll find tips for a fulfilling sex life plus advice on STDs, contraception and common sex problems. FPA - The Sexual Health Charity Sexual health advice and information on contraception, sexually transmitted infections, pregnancy choices, abortion and planning a pregnancy. Contraception There are so many different types of contraception available that you should be able to find the right method. You may have to try several different things before you choose the one you like most. NetDoctor A Family Planning specialist writes about the different types of contraception, the benefits and pitfalls and how effective they are Contraception - NHS Choices Information on Contraception from NHS Choices including why, when and how it should be used and with links to other useful resources. Hormonal Contraception This factsheet is for women who are taking hormonal contraceptives, or who would like information about them. Chlamydia Chlamydia is the most commonly diagnosed sexually transmitted infection among under-25s. Often there are no symptoms, but testing and treatment are simple. Causes and risk factors Chlamydia is usually passed from one person to another during vaginal, oral or anal sex, or by sharing sex toys. It can live inside cells of the cervix, urethra, rectum and sometimes in the throat and eyes. Useful Links NHS Choices - focus on Chlamydia Information, videos and advice from the NHS website Chlamydia This factsheet is for people who have chlamydia, or who would like information about it. Living Healthy Smoking, advice and helping you quit Smokefree The NHS have produced "Smokefree", a dedicated service to inform everyone of the dangers of smoking, the benefits to giving up and how they can help you kick the habit. QUIT QUIT is the independent charity whose aim is to save lives by helping smokers to stop. Smokers wanting to QUIT should call 0800 00 22 00 or email [email protected] for free, individual, same-day advice from trained counsellors Stop Smoking Widget This tool gives you daily messages, and keeps track of how much you're saving and how many days it's been since your last cigarette. Great motivators for staying smokefree. Eating Well & Exercise - helping you maintain a healthy body We're bombarded with scare stories about weight, from size zero to the obesity 'epidemic'. But a healthy body is determined by different factors for each of us. NHS - Good Food Guide Information on a healthy diet and ways to make it work for you BBC Healthy Living - Nutrition A good diet is central to overall good health, but which are the best foods to include in your meals, and which ones are best avoided? This section looks at the facts, to help you make realistic, informed choices Minor Illnesses 1. Cold or Flu Colds & Flu A factsheet on the causes, symptoms, treatment & prevention of colds & the flu NHS Choices - is it the common cold or the flu? Colds and flu can share some of the same symptoms (sneezing, coughing, sore throat) but are caused by different viruses, and flu can be much more serious. Find out more. 2. Back Pain Back Pain Factsheet on the causes, symptoms, treatment & prevention of back pain. NHS Choices NHS information on back pain 3. Diarrhoea Acute diarrhoea is usually caused by a viral or bacterial infection and affects almost everyone from time to time. NHS Choices Symptoms, causes, treatment and information Patient UK Acute Diarrhoea in Adults 4. First Aid British Red Cross - First Aid Tips Simple, straightforward and easy to understand first aid tips BBC Health - First Aid This site has information about how to react to common injuries and emergencies. St Johns Ambulance St John Ambulance believes that everyone should learn at least the basic first aid techniques. Home First Aid Kit All you need to know about preparing and storing your own first aid kit