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Photosynthesis
Chapter 1 Lesson 3
Ms. Schiavone
In this lesson, we will:
• Demonstrate how all living things rely on
the process of photosynthesis to obtain
energy. (GLE 0507.3.1)
What is Photosynthesis?
• All living things need
energy to survive.
• Animals eat food to get
energy.
• Plants make their own
food.
• Where do plants get energy
to make food?
• The SUN
What is Photosynthesis?
• Plants use the energy
from the sun to make
their own food through a
process called
photosynthesis.
• Photosynthesis occurs in
cells that have
chloroplasts.
• We know that plant cells
contain chloroplasts.
Chloroplast:
Food-Making Factory
What is Photosynthesis?
Photosynthesis
Sunlight + Water + Carbon Dioxide + Chlorophyll
=
Food and oxygen
The food is in the form of sugar, or starch.
What is Photosynthesis?
Photosynthesis
Sunlight
Water
Carbon Dioxide
Chlorophyll
_______________________________
Food and oxygen
The food is in the form of sugar, or starch.
What is Photosynthesis?
• Energy for photosynthesis comes from
the sun.
• Sugars made by the leaf go into the
leaf’s veins and then to all parts of the
plant.
• The oxygen made by the plant is
released into the air.
Listening Quiz
1. Every living thing needs ______ to
survive.
A. Plants
B. Energy
C. Chloroplasts
D. Oxygen
Listening Quiz
2. Plants get energy to make food from
_________ .
A. Sunlight
B. water
C. Chloroplasts
D. chlorophyll
Listening Quiz
3. _______ make their own food.
A. Plants
B. Animals
Listening Quiz
4. _______ are the food-making factories
of plants.
A. Sunlight
B. water
C. Chloroplasts
D. chlorophyll
Listening Quiz
5. Photosynthesis occurs in cells that
have ______________.
A. Sunlight
B. water
C. Chloroplasts
D. chlorophyll
Listening Quiz
6. Sunlight, ________, and water are
needed to perform photosynthesis.
A. Sunlight
B. water
C. Oxygen
D. Carbon dioxide
Listening Quiz
7. _________ is a waste product
produced from photosynthesis.
A. Sunlight
B. water
C. Oxygen
D. Carbon dioxide
Listening Quiz
8. Plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide
along with chlorophyll to produce food,
otherwise known as _________.
A. Sugar
B. Carbon dioxide
C. Photosynthesis
D. Oxygen
Listening Quiz
9. The process by which plants make
their own food is called ________.
A. Sugar
B. Carbon dioxide
C. Energy
D. Photosynthesis
Listening Quiz
10. The _____ produced during photosynthesis
go into the leaf’s veins and then to all parts
of the plant.
A. Sugars
B. Carbon dioxide
C. Energy
D. Photosynthesis
What do leaves do?
• The leaves of a plant
carry on
photosynthesis.
• The roots absorb
water and carry it up
to the leaves through
the xylem.
What do leaves do?
• The carbon dioxide plants need for
photosynthesis enters the plant from the air
through tiny holes in the bottom of the leaf
called stomata.
• A single hole is called a stoma.
What do leaves do?
• The job of opening and closing the stomata is done by
guard cells located on each side of the stoma.
• The guard cells open and close the stomata in
response to the amount of water and light the plant
receives.
• When a plant has too little water, guard cells will
close the stomata to preserve water.
• When a plant has plenty of water, guard cells will
swell and open stomata, allowing water and air to
leave the plant.
What do leaves do?
• The epidermis is the
outermost part of the
leaf.
• The top of the leaf
surface has a waxy
cuticle, a waterproof
layer that prevents
moisture from
evaporating.
What do leaves do?
• Sugars that are
produced during
photosynthesis are
transported to the rest
of the plant through a
type of tissue called
phloem.
What do leaves do?
• Scientists express what happens during
photosynthesis with the following chemical
equation:
6CO2 + 6H2O + energy  C6H12O6 + 6O2
Listening Quiz
1. After plant’s roots absorb water, it is carried
up to the leaves through the ______.
A. Phloem
B. Xylem
C. Stomata
D. Epidermis
Listening Quiz
2. Carbon dioxide enters plants through
________
A. Roots
B. Xylem
C. Stomata
D. Epidermis
Listening Quiz
3. ______ have the job of opening and
closing the stomata.
A. Roots
B. Xylem
C. Stomata
D. Guard cells
Listening Quiz
4. When the guard cells open the stomata,
________ and carbon dioxide is released.
A. Carbon dioxide
B. Water
C. Stomata
D. Guard cells
Listening Quiz
5. When the stomata are open, the leaf can let
in carbon dioxide and give off __________.
A. Carbon dioxide
B. Water
C. Oxygen
D. Sugar
Listening Quiz
6. The outer layer of a leaf is called the
_____________.
A. Xylem
B. Phloem
C. Epidermis
D. Stomata
Listening Quiz
7. The waterproof, waxy covering on the surface of
leaves that keeps water from evaporating from
the leaf is called ________.
A. Xylem
B. Cuticle
C. Epidermis
D. Stomata
Listening Quiz
8. After photosynthesis occurs, the _______
carries sugars to other parts of the plant.
A. Xylem
B. Cuticle
C. Phloem
D. Stomata
Listening Quiz
9. 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy  C6H12O6 + 6O2
The equation about is a chemical equation for ______________.
A. Photosynthesis
B. Energy
C. Food
D. Stomata
Listening Quiz
10. Energy for photosynthesis to take place comes
from the _________.
A. Water
B. Leaves
C. Sun
D. Soil
What is the photosynthesis and
respiration cycle?
•
All living things need energy
to carry out their life
processes.
•
The photosynthesis and
respiration cycle provides
energy to plants and animals.
•
The sugar that plants
produce during
photosynthesis is a
carbohydrate.
What is the photosynthesis and
respiration cycle?
•
Carbohydrate is the name
for substances made from
carbon, hydrogen, and
oxygen.
•
Simple carbohydrates can be
stored as food or modified to
make structural materials.
•
When plants store sugar, they
usually store it as starch.
What is the photosynthesis and
respiration cycle?
•
The cell walls of
plant cells are made
of cellulose.
•
Starch and cellulose
are complex
carbohydrates made
of thousands of simple
sugar units.
What is the photosynthesis and
respiration cycle?
•
Animals depend on
photosynthesis as
their source of energy.
•
When animals eat
plants, it takes in
stored carbohydrates
from the plant.
What is the photosynthesis and
respiration cycle?
•
When animals are
carnivores and eat
other animals, they
are taking in
carbohydrates that
animals gained from
eating a plant in the
first place.
The wolf eats the deer and gains
carbohydrates (energy) from the deer who
originally gained it from the eating the grass.
The deer eats the grass
and gains carbohydrates
(energy) from the grass.
Grass gets energy from the sun. Then it
produces carbohydrates through the
process of photosynthesis.
What is the photosynthesis and
respiration cycle?
•
Some of the oxygen
produced during
photosynthesis is
breathed in by
animals during
respiration.
•
Some of the oxygen is
used by plants.
What is the photosynthesis and
respiration cycle?
•
When plants or
animals need energy,
they can get it from
stored carbohydrates.
•
The energy stored in
carbohydrates is
released when cells use
oxygen to break down
the sugars in a process
called cellular
respiration.
What is the photosynthesis and
respiration cycle?
•
Cellular respiration and photosynthesis can be
thought of as opposites.
•
During cellular respiration, plant and animal
cells produce carbon dioxide and water, which
are then released back into the air.
•
During photosynthesis, plants use the carbon
dioxide along with water to produce sugars.
Listening Quiz
1. All living things need __________ in order to survive.
A. Energy
B. Photosynthesis
C. Carbon dioxide
D. Oxygen
Listening Quiz
2. The sugar that plants produce during photosynthesis is
a ________________
A. Photosynthesis
B. Energy
C. Carbon dioxide
D. Carbohydrate
Listening Quiz
3. _______ is a group of substances made from
carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
A. Photosynthesis
B. Carbohydrate
C. Carbon dioxide
D. Energy
Listening Quiz
4. When plants store sugar, they usually store it as
_________.
A. Water
B. Carbohydrate
C. Starch
D. Oxygen
Listening Quiz
5. Plant’s cell walls are made of ______________.
A. Cytoplasm
B. Chloroplasts
C. Cellulose
D. Oxygen
Listening Quiz
6. Animals depend on ________ as their source of
energy.
A. Cytoplasm
B. Respiration
C. Cellulose
D. Photosynthesis
Listening Quiz
7. When an animal eats a plant, it takes in
________ stored in the plant.
A. Cytoplasm
B. Respiration
C. Carbohydrates
D. Photosynthesis
Listening Quiz
8. When carnivores eat ___________, they get
carbohydrates from the animals they eat.
A. Sugar
B. Plants
C. Animals
D. Dinner
Listening Quiz
9. Oxygen produced by plants through
photosynthesis is breathed in by animals during
________________.
A. Respiration
B. The morning
C. photosynthesis
D. Dinner
Listening Quiz
10. Cellular respiration is the opposite of
___________.
A. Respiration
B. Carbohydrates
C. Photosynthesis
D. Dinner
What are energy pyramids?
•
About 10% of the
sun’s actual energy
gets turned into food
energy by a producer.
•
An energy pyramid
shows the amount of
energy available at
each level of an
ecosystem.
What are energy pyramids?
•
The bottom of the
pyramid
represents the
producers.
•
It is the largest
level because it
contains the most
organisms and
therefore the most
energy.
What are energy pyramids?
•
There are fewer
numbers of
organisms and less
available energy at
each ascending
level of the
pyramid.
What are energy pyramids?
•
When a producer is
eaten, only about
10% of the food
energy it contains gets
turned into herbivore
or omnivore tissue.
•
The rest is used or
turned into heat
energy.