Download Chapter One - Human AP

Chapter One - Human AP
1.
The belief that natural processes were caused by forces that could be understood dates back about
A.250 years.
B.2,500 years.
C.25,000 years.
D.250,000 years.
2.
An investigator who conducts an experiment to determine how the rate at which the heart beats is
affected by temperature changes is most likely to be a(n)
A.anatomist.
B.physiologist.
C.chemist.
D.biochemist.
3.
The ability of an organism to sense changes that take place within its body is an example of
A.movement.
B.respiration.
C.responsiveness.
D.absorption
4.
Which of the following processes is not concerned with maintaining the life of an adult organism?
A.responsiveness
B.movement
C.reproduction
D.metabolism
5.
Physical and chemical changes or reactions that occur within the body are collectively known as
A.metabolism.
B.physiology.
C.assimilation.
D.excretion.
1
6.
Which of the following lists best illustrates the idea of increasing levels of complexity?
A.cells, tissues, organelles, organs, systems
B.tissues, cells, organs, organelles, systems
C.organs, organelles, systems, cells, tissues
D.organelles, cells, tissues, organs, systems
7.
Of the items listed, which is not required for the maintenance of life?
A.water
B.food
C.carbon dioxide
D.pressure
8.
Homeostasis is defined as the
A.ability of human beings to keep body weight within normal limits.
B.maintenance of a constant external temperature inside a room.
C.ingestion of enough food to keep hunger pains from developing.
D.tendency of the body to maintain a stable environment.
9.
Which of the following is not an example of a homeostatic mechanism?
A.shivering when body temperature falls below normal limits
B.increasing heart rate and contraction force when blood pressure fails
C.pulling blankets over yourself when cold at night
D.secreting insulin after a meal to decrease blood sugar concentration
10. How is oxygen used by living organisms?
A.It controls the amount of heat produced.
B.It is a source of energy.
C.It is used to release energy that is stored in food.
D.It is part of water and is necessary to keep organisms hydrated.
11. Which of the following organs is located in the abdominopelvic cavity?
A.the heart
B.the trachea
C.the thymus gland
D.kidney
2
12. The membrane on the surface of a lung is called the
A.visceral pleura.
B.parietal pleura.
C.visceral pericardium.
D.parietal pericardium.
13. Which of the following is most closely related to a function of the muscular system?
A.the formation of body cells
B.the coordination of body parts
C.the production of body heat
D.the processing of nutrients
14. Which of the following is not part of the female reproductive system?
A.the uterus
B.the uterine tube
C.the vulva
D.the bulbourethral gland
15. A section that separates the body into right and left portions would be a
A.frontal section
B.transverse section.
C.coronal section.
D.sagittal section.
16. The upper midportion of the abdomen is called the
A.hypochondriac region.
B.iliac region.
C.hypogastric region.
D.epigastric region.
17. The thoracic cavity lies where in relationship to the abdominopelvic cavity?
A.dorsal (posterior)
B.ventral (anterior)
C.superior
D.inferior
3
18. What organ system is responsible for the production of blood cells?
A.the muscular system
B.the skeletal system
C.the circulatory system
D.the reproductive system
19. Which of the following is a vital sign?
A.body temperature
B.blood pressure
C.pulse rate
D.All of these are correct.
20. When the body is placed in the anatomical position, which of the following is not true?
A.The face is forward.
B.The arms are at the sides.
C.The palms are facing backward.
D.The body is erect.
21. A mechanism functioning to maintain a stable internal environment is most likely to involve
A.positive feedback.
B.negative feedback.
C.a vicious circle.
D.None of these are correct.
22. A blood clot stimulating the formation of more blood clotting is an example of
A.positive feedback.
B.negative feedback.
C.homeostasis.
D.a vital sign.
23. Ultrasonography is most useful for examining
A.compact organs, such as a bone.
B.air-filled organs, such as a lung.
C.medium density organs, such as the heart.
D.organs that contain a high concentration of hydrogen atoms.
4
24. Magnetic resonance imaging makes use of
A.X rays.
B.radio antennae.
C.radioisotopes.
D.high-frequency sound waves.
25. Magnetic resonance imaging might be used to
A.distinguish between normal and cancerous tissue.
B.assess damage sustained by the heart.
C.obtain a sectional view of the brain.
D.All of these are correct.
26. The activities of an anatomist consist of _______, whereas those of a physiologist consist of ______.
A.observing body parts; studying functions of body parts
B.conducting experiments; making microscopic examinations
C.studying chemical molecules; observing forms of the body parts
D.None of these is correct.
27. Which of the following characteristics of life and their descriptions are correct?
A.assimilation-obtaining and using oxygen for releasing energy from food substances
B.responsiveness-ability of an organism to sense changes taking place inside or outside its body and to
react to these changes
C.respiration-changing of absorbed substances into forms that are chemically different from those that
entered the body fluids
D.circulation-the movement of the body as a whole through the halls of a hospital
28. Metabolism is defined as the
A.removal of wastes produced by chemical reactions.
B.breakdown of substances into simpler forms.
C.production of new organisms.
D.physical and chemical changes occurring in an organism.
5
29. Which of the following is an example of an environmental factor or need of an organism?
A.carbon dioxide
B.water
C.wastes
D.All of these are correct.
30. Homeostasis is a condition whereby body parts function efficiently only when the concentrations of
water, food substances, and oxygen, and the conditions of heat and pressure
A.remain perfectly static and do not vary.
B.remain within certain limited ranges.
C.never go up or down.
D.fluctuate greatly between very high and low values.
31. Homeostatic mechanisms are said to act by negative feedback because changes away from the normal
state
A.stimulate changes to occur in the same direction.
B.inhibit all body reactions.
C.stimulate changes to occur in the opposite direction.
D.stimulate a reduction in all vital needs of the body.
32. A parietal membrane ________, whereas a visceral membrane _________.
A.covers organs; lines cavities
B.lines cavities; covers organs
C.is thick; is thin
D.secretes mucus; secretes a serous fluid
33. The term Anatomy comes from the Greek meaning
A.flesh and bones.
B.natural structure.
C.a cutting up.
D.the body.
6
34. The term Physiology comes from the Greek meaning
A.relationship to nature.
B.function of the structure.
C.maintaining homeostasis.
D.mechanisms of action in the body.
35. _______ are composed of even smaller subatomic particles.
A.Cells
B.Organelles
C.Atoms
D.Molecules
36. Positive feedback mechanisms
A.regulate long term changes.
B.move conditions away from the normal state.
C.bring conditions back to the normal state.
D.usually produce stable conditions.
37. Which of the following is not an example of positive feedback control?
A.maintaining blood pressure
B.blood Clotting
C.epinephrine secretion during immediate danger
D.uterine contractions at childbirth
38. Positive feedback mechanisms usually produce
A.subtle results.
B.stable conditions.
C.unstable conditions.
D.negative results.
39. The anatomy of a body part is closely related to its physiology.
True
False
7
40. A cell represents the basic unit of structure and function of an organism.
True
False
41. The diaphragm separates the thoracic and the abdominopelvic cavities.
True
False
42. The parietal pericardium is attached to the surface of the heart.
True
False
43. The organ systems responsible for integration and coordination are the nervous and endocrine systems.
True
False
44. The ears are lateral to the eyes.
True
False
45. The elbow is distal to the wrist.
True
False
46. The muscular system is responsible for body movements, maintenance of posture, and production of
body heat.
True
False
47. The digestive system filters wastes from the blood, and helps maintain fluid and electrolyte balance.
True
False
48. The oral, nasal, orbital, and middle ear cavities are located in the dorsal cavity.
True
False
49. The process by which food substances are chemically changed into simpler forms that can be absorbed is
called _______.
________________________________________
8
50. The most abundant chemical substance in the human body is ______.
________________________________________
9
Chapter One - Human AP Key
1.
The belief that natural processes were caused by forces that could be understood dates back about
a.
B
c.
d.
250 years.
2,500 years.
25,000 years.
250,000 years.
Shier - Chapter 01 #1
2.
An investigator who conducts an experiment to determine how the rate at which the heart beats is
affected by temperature changes is most likely to be a(n)
a.
B
c.
d.
anatomist.
physiologist.
chemist.
biochemist.
Shier - Chapter 01 #2
3.
The ability of an organism to sense changes that take place within its body is an example of
a.
b.
C
d.
movement.
respiration.
responsiveness.
absorption
Shier - Chapter 01 #3
4.
Which of the following processes is not concerned with maintaining the life of an adult organism?
a.
b.
C
d.
responsiveness
movement
reproduction
metabolism
Shier - Chapter 01 #4
1
5.
Physical and chemical changes or reactions that occur within the body are collectively known as
A
b.
c.
d.
metabolism.
physiology.
assimilation.
excretion.
Shier - Chapter 01 #5
6.
Which of the following lists best illustrates the idea of increasing levels of complexity?
a.
b.
c.
D
cells, tissues, organelles, organs, systems
tissues, cells, organs, organelles, systems
organs, organelles, systems, cells, tissues
organelles, cells, tissues, organs, systems
Shier - Chapter 01 #6
7.
Of the items listed, which is not required for the maintenance of life?
a.
b.
C
d.
water
food
carbon dioxide
pressure
Shier - Chapter 01 #7
8.
Homeostasis is defined as the
a.
b.
c.
D
ability of human beings to keep body weight within normal limits.
maintenance of a constant external temperature inside a room.
ingestion of enough food to keep hunger pains from developing.
tendency of the body to maintain a stable environment.
Shier - Chapter 01 #8
9.
Which of the following is not an example of a homeostatic mechanism?
a.
b.
C
d.
shivering when body temperature falls below normal limits
increasing heart rate and contraction force when blood pressure fails
pulling blankets over yourself when cold at night
secreting insulin after a meal to decrease blood sugar concentration
Shier - Chapter 01 #9
2
10.
How is oxygen used by living organisms?
a.
b.
C
d.
It controls the amount of heat produced.
It is a source of energy.
It is used to release energy that is stored in food.
It is part of water and is necessary to keep organisms hydrated.
Shier - Chapter 01 #10
11.
Which of the following organs is located in the abdominopelvic cavity?
a.
b.
c.
D
the heart
the trachea
the thymus gland
kidney
Shier - Chapter 01 #11
12.
The membrane on the surface of a lung is called the
A
b.
c.
d.
visceral pleura.
parietal pleura.
visceral pericardium.
parietal pericardium.
Shier - Chapter 01 #12
13.
Which of the following is most closely related to a function of the muscular system?
a.
b.
C
d.
the formation of body cells
the coordination of body parts
the production of body heat
the processing of nutrients
Shier - Chapter 01 #13
14.
Which of the following is not part of the female reproductive system?
a.
b.
c.
D
the uterus
the uterine tube
the vulva
the bulbourethral gland
Shier - Chapter 01 #14
3
15.
A section that separates the body into right and left portions would be a
a.
b.
c.
D
frontal section
transverse section.
coronal section.
sagittal section.
Shier - Chapter 01 #15
16.
The upper midportion of the abdomen is called the
a.
b.
c.
D
hypochondriac region.
iliac region.
hypogastric region.
epigastric region.
Shier - Chapter 01 #16
17.
The thoracic cavity lies where in relationship to the abdominopelvic cavity?
a.
b.
C
d.
dorsal (posterior)
ventral (anterior)
superior
inferior
Shier - Chapter 01 #17
18.
What organ system is responsible for the production of blood cells?
a.
B
c.
d.
the muscular system
the skeletal system
the circulatory system
the reproductive system
Shier - Chapter 01 #18
19.
Which of the following is a vital sign?
a.
b.
c.
D
body temperature
blood pressure
pulse rate
All of these are correct.
Shier - Chapter 01 #19
4
20.
When the body is placed in the anatomical position, which of the following is not true?
a.
b.
C
d.
The face is forward.
The arms are at the sides.
The palms are facing backward.
The body is erect.
Shier - Chapter 01 #20
21.
A mechanism functioning to maintain a stable internal environment is most likely to involve
a.
B
c.
d.
positive feedback.
negative feedback.
a vicious circle.
None of these are correct.
Shier - Chapter 01 #21
22.
A blood clot stimulating the formation of more blood clotting is an example of
A
b.
c.
d.
positive feedback.
negative feedback.
homeostasis.
a vital sign.
Shier - Chapter 01 #22
23.
Ultrasonography is most useful for examining
a.
b.
C
d.
compact organs, such as a bone.
air-filled organs, such as a lung.
medium density organs, such as the heart.
organs that contain a high concentration of hydrogen atoms.
Shier - Chapter 01 #23
24.
Magnetic resonance imaging makes use of
a.
B
c.
d.
X rays.
radio antennae.
radioisotopes.
high-frequency sound waves.
Shier - Chapter 01 #24
5
25.
Magnetic resonance imaging might be used to
a.
b.
c.
D
distinguish between normal and cancerous tissue.
assess damage sustained by the heart.
obtain a sectional view of the brain.
All of these are correct.
Shier - Chapter 01 #25
26.
The activities of an anatomist consist of _______, whereas those of a physiologist consist of ______.
A
b.
c.
d.
observing body parts; studying functions of body parts
conducting experiments; making microscopic examinations
studying chemical molecules; observing forms of the body parts
None of these is correct.
Shier - Chapter 01 #26
27.
Which of the following characteristics of life and their descriptions are correct?
a. assimilation-obtaining and using oxygen for releasing energy from food substances
B responsiveness-ability of an organism to sense changes taking place inside or outside its body and
to react to these changes
c. respiration-changing of absorbed substances into forms that are chemically different from those
that entered the body fluids
d. circulation-the movement of the body as a whole through the halls of a hospital
Shier - Chapter 01 #27
28.
Metabolism is defined as the
a.
b.
c.
D
removal of wastes produced by chemical reactions.
breakdown of substances into simpler forms.
production of new organisms.
physical and chemical changes occurring in an organism.
Shier - Chapter 01 #28
6
29.
Which of the following is an example of an environmental factor or need of an organism?
a.
B
c.
d.
carbon dioxide
water
wastes
All of these are correct.
Shier - Chapter 01 #29
30.
Homeostasis is a condition whereby body parts function efficiently only when the concentrations of
water, food substances, and oxygen, and the conditions of heat and pressure
a.
B
c.
d.
remain perfectly static and do not vary.
remain within certain limited ranges.
never go up or down.
fluctuate greatly between very high and low values.
Shier - Chapter 01 #30
31.
Homeostatic mechanisms are said to act by negative feedback because changes away from the normal
state
a.
b.
C
d.
stimulate changes to occur in the same direction.
inhibit all body reactions.
stimulate changes to occur in the opposite direction.
stimulate a reduction in all vital needs of the body.
Shier - Chapter 01 #31
32.
A parietal membrane ________, whereas a visceral membrane _________.
a.
B
c.
d.
covers organs; lines cavities
lines cavities; covers organs
is thick; is thin
secretes mucus; secretes a serous fluid
Shier - Chapter 01 #32
7
33.
The term Anatomy comes from the Greek meaning
a.
b.
C
d.
flesh and bones.
natural structure.
a cutting up.
the body.
Shier - Chapter 01 #33
34.
The term Physiology comes from the Greek meaning
A
b.
c.
d.
relationship to nature.
function of the structure.
maintaining homeostasis.
mechanisms of action in the body.
Shier - Chapter 01 #34
35.
_______ are composed of even smaller subatomic particles.
a.
b.
C
d.
Cells
Organelles
Atoms
Molecules
Shier - Chapter 01 #35
36.
Positive feedback mechanisms
a.
B
c.
d.
regulate long term changes.
move conditions away from the normal state.
bring conditions back to the normal state.
usually produce stable conditions.
Shier - Chapter 01 #38
37.
Which of the following is not an example of positive feedback control?
A
b.
c.
d.
maintaining blood pressure
blood Clotting
epinephrine secretion during immediate danger
uterine contractions at childbirth
Shier - Chapter 01 #39
8
38.
Positive feedback mechanisms usually produce
a.
b.
C
d.
subtle results.
stable conditions.
unstable conditions.
negative results.
Shier - Chapter 01 #40
39.
The anatomy of a body part is closely related to its physiology.
TRUE
Shier - Chapter 01 #42
40.
A cell represents the basic unit of structure and function of an organism.
TRUE
Shier - Chapter 01 #45
41.
The diaphragm separates the thoracic and the abdominopelvic cavities.
TRUE
Shier - Chapter 01 #46
42.
The parietal pericardium is attached to the surface of the heart.
FALSE
Shier - Chapter 01 #47
43.
The organ systems responsible for integration and coordination are the nervous and endocrine
systems.
TRUE
Shier - Chapter 01 #48
44.
The ears are lateral to the eyes.
TRUE
Shier - Chapter 01 #50
9
45.
The elbow is distal to the wrist.
FALSE
Shier - Chapter 01 #51
46.
The muscular system is responsible for body movements, maintenance of posture, and production of
body heat.
TRUE
Shier - Chapter 01 #52
47.
The digestive system filters wastes from the blood, and helps maintain fluid and electrolyte balance.
FALSE
Shier - Chapter 01 #53
48.
The oral, nasal, orbital, and middle ear cavities are located in the dorsal cavity.
TRUE
Shier - Chapter 01 #56
49.
The process by which food substances are chemically changed into simpler forms that can be
absorbed is called _______.
digestion
Shier - Chapter 01 #58
50.
The most abundant chemical substance in the human body is ______.
water
Shier - Chapter 01 #59
Category
# of Questions
Shier - Chapter 01
50
10