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CURRENT HEALTH PROBLEM AVIAN BIRD FLU presented by: Rajeev bin Shamsuddin Perisamy Ting Sie Ong ETIOLOGY Classification of the causative agent Virus family Orthomyxoviridae, genus Influenzavirus A, B. To date, all highly pathogenic isolates have been influenza A viruses of subtypes H5 and H7 HOST Highly pathogenic avian influenza isolates have been obtained primarily from chickens and turkeys It is reasonable to assume all avian species are susceptible to infection TRANSMISSION Direct contact with secretions from infected birds, excretion especially feces Contaminated feed, water, equipment and clothing Clinically normal waterfowl and sea birds may introduce the virus into flocks Broken contaminated eggs may infect chicks in the incubator SOURCES OF VIRUS Feces, respiratory secretions Highly pathogenic viruses may remain viable for long period of time in infected feces, tissues and water WHO: Bird droppings prime origin of bird flu ( 2004-01-17 10:20) (chinadaily.com.cn/Agencies) Bird flu, which has killed at least 13 people in Vietnam, is largely transmitted through bird droppings and uncooked meat, the World Health Organization (WHO) said, doubting the need to ban imports of chicken meat by some countries. Symptoms of bird flu in humans: High fever (101-104 degrees Fahrenheit) Diarrhea Cough-when mucus is produced it may be bloody Shortness of breath Low white blood cell counts Chest "crackles" heard with a stethoscope Bleeding gums Bleeding nose Identifying Infectious Bird Diseases In Birds: A list of symptoms Sudden increase in bird deaths in your flock Sneezing, gasping for air, coughing and nasal discharge Watery and green diarrhea Lack of energy and poor appetite Drop in egg production or soft- or thin-shelled mis-shapen eggs Swelling around the eyes, neck and head COMPLICATIONS Most people with bird flu have signs and symptoms of conventional influenza. Some also develop life-threatening complications such as viral pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome But the greatest complication of bird flu is still hypothetical SOLUTIONS No But specific treatment now, the primary treatment option remains the flu drug oseltamivir (Tamiflu), that works by preventing the virus from escaping its host cell Sanitary prophylaxis Avoidance of contact between poultry and wild birds, particularly waterfowl Avoidance of the introduction of birds of unkown health status into a flock Control of human traffic Proper cleaning and disinfection procedures Practice an “all in-all out” system in the poultry farm In outbreaks Slaughtering of all birds Disposal of carcasses and all poultry products • Cleaning and disinfection • Allow at least 21 days before restocking Prevention Culling. Surveillance Banned programs. birds. Recommendations for travelers Avoid domesticated birds. Avoid open-air markets. Wash your hands. Watch your kids Steer clear of raw eggs. Ask about a flu shot. Preparing poultry Wash well Cook thoroughly references http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/bird-flu/DS00566/DSECTION=8 http://www.medicinenet.com/bird_flu/article.htm http://www.da.gov.ph/BirdFlu/AboutBridFlu/birdflu.html http://www.progressiveu.org/150440-bird-flu-symptoms-and-treatmentinformation http://infectiousdiseases.about.com/od/1birdflu/p/Needtoknow.htm http://www.birdflubeacon.com/Symptoms_of_Bird_Flu.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avian_flu http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/birdflu.html http://www.cdc.gov/flu/avian/gen-info/facts.htm http://www.cdc.gov/flu/avian/gen-info/facts.htm http://usinfo.state.gov/gi/global_issues/bird_flu.html http://www.wikibirdflu.org/page/Virus%20Dispersion?t=anon http://www.pamf.org/flu/bird.html http://www.flumed.co.uk/bird-flu-html/avflu_human.html