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THE CARBON CYCLE
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Slide 1
Notes:
The Carbon Cycle
In this mini-lesson, we’re going to learn a little bit
about the carbon cycle and how it works.
Duration: 00:00:06
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THE CARBON CYCLE
Slide 2
Key Terms
Duration: 00:00:39
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KEY TERMS



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Sink-Also called a
“store,” this is a place
where carbon ends up
and stays for a while.
Pump-A physical or
Biological factor that
moves carbon through
the carbon cycle
Biotic factor-A living
thing in an environment
Abiotic factor-Anything
non-living in an
environment
Slide 3
The carbon cycle
Duration: 00:00:46
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THE CARBON CYCLE
Summarizes how
carbon is moved from
atmosphere, to the
earth, water, or biotic
factors in the
environment and back
again.
 At each step in the
cycle, carbon in
chemically changed
into different
compounds.

Notes:
Before we get started, let’s review some key
terms. The first term is “sink” and sink is also
called a “store.” A carbon sink is where carbon
ends up and stays for a while. The second term
is “pump,” and a pump is a physical or biological
factor that moves carbon through the carbon
cycle. Then we have two terms that are related
to one another, the biotic and abiotic factors. A
“biotic” factor is a living thing in an environment
or anything that comes from a living thing in an
environment. An abiotic factor is anything that
never lived in an environment.
Notes:
The picture you see in front of you shows the
carbon cycle. The carbon cycle is basically a
summary of how carbon gets moved from the
atmosphere to the earth, or to water or biotic
factors in the environment and back to the
atmosphere again. As you look at the picture,
you’ll notice that at each step in the cycle, carbon
gets changed chemically into different
compounds. So in the atmosphere, you’ll see it
as carbon dioxide, but when it’s taken out of the
air, it gets transformed into carbohydrates like
glucose and other sugars to form a different
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chemical compound. Those chemical
compounds, as they get passed through the food
chain to other organisms, get transformed into
other compounds.
Slide 4
Photosynthesis and Respiration as
Carbon Pumps
Duration: 00:00:55
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PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND RESPIRATION AS
CARBON PUMPS
Photosynthesis takes
CO2 from the
atmosphere and
converts it to glucose
and O2
 Plants and animals
take in the glucose to
get energy and O2,
then release CO2 back
to the environment.

Notes:
Remember, as we look at the carbon cycle,
we’re looking at carbon pumps and carbon sinks.
So, let’s isolate two very important carbon pumps
in the carbon cycle, photosynthesis and
respiration. Photosynthesis is also called carbon
fixation. In other words, it takes unuseable
carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, and
transforms it to a useable form of carbon for
plants and animals called glucose. You’ll notice
in the picture that when photosynthesis happens,
oxygen gets released by the plants. The animals
take in that oxygen and the glucose that the plant
has released and convert it chemically to release
carbon back to the atmosphere as carbon
dioxide, which can be reabsorbed bythe plant.
So plants and animals take in the glucose, get
the energy, but then release carbon dioxide back
to the atmosphere as a result.
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Slide 5
Other Carbon Pumps
Duration: 00:00:24
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OTHER CARBON PUMPS
Combustion-burning
of wood or fossil fuels
for energy, powering
vehicles or industry
 Volcanic activity
 Death and Decay

Slide 6
Carbon Sinks
Duration: 00:01:03
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CARBON SINKS
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Sometimes, carbon gets
“stuck” someplace. That
place is called a sink or
“store.”
Carbon sinks include
the atmosphere, fossil
fuels, the ocean (and it’s
sediments), soil, and in
molecules of living
things.
The length of time
carbon is stored depends
on the sink.
Notes:
Photosynthesis and respiration, of course, are
not the only carbon pumps in the carbon cycle.
Combustion, which is burning of wood or fossil
fuels for energy, that powers our houses,
vehicles, and factories, pumps carbon into the
atmosphere. Some natural processes, like
volcanic activity and death and decay also pump
carbon into the atmosphere.
Notes:
Don’t forget, in addition to the carbon pumps that
we’vetalked about, you also have carbon sinks.
Remember that these are places where carbon
is stored for some period of time, so the carbon
gets “stuck” someplace. That’s why we also call
it a carbon store. Carbon sinks include the
atomosphere, which makes sense because
there’s a lot of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere,
fossil fuels which store the carbon in the form of
hydrocarbons and of course the ocean and its
sediments,which store carbon for periods of time.
Soil, and of course, you are carbon sinks as well.
Organisms store carbon inside of them. The
length of time that carbon is stored depends on
the sink. An organism, like you, which takes in
carbon-containing food regularly and respire and
release carbon dioxide to the atmosphere
regularly, is a short-term sink. Fossil fuels are
long-term sinks which can store carbon for tens
of thousands of years.
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