Download Examples of how countries have tackled the building blocks to

Bending the
Arc of History
to Reach the
SDGs
Jyoti Shukla
Senior Manager WSP
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
March 15th 2016
www.wsp.org | www.worldbank.org/water | www.blogs.worldbank.org/water |
@WorldBankWater
WASH Uptake Follows a Pattern
Last mile
delivery
… Countries influence that
uptake through:
While it is individuals
that adopt WASH
services …
Mass
adoption
Early
adopters
Time
• Leadership
• Enabling Environment
• Financing
Rural Sanitation
Countries in All Regions Have Demonstrated Rapid
Progress in Rural Sanitation
Governments have:
• Promoted behavior change
• Enabled sanitation markets
Households have:
• Invested in toilet facilities
• Continued up the sanitation
ladder
Nepal – a Low Income Country
Moved Ahead of the Arc in Rural Sanitation
Leadership
Enabling
Environment
Financing
•
Single target, unified plan and common results
framework, endorsed by the President.
•
Captured in MDG Acceleration Framework and National
Sanitation and Hygiene Master Plan
•
Decentralized planning, finance, implementation and
monitoring
•
Adopted a ‘community triggering’ approach with
coordinated media campaign
•
Rewarded ‘open defecation free’ communities and
recognized their leaders
•
Households invested in latrines
•
Government invested in behaviour funded from specific
budget for sanitation and hygiene
Rural Water
Countries Ahead of the Arc
Decentralized Responsibility … and Resources
Countries decentralized :
• Staff
• Finance
• Planning
• Decision-making
under a national policy and
using country systems
Ethiopia Moved Ahead of the Arc on Rural Water
Leadership
Enabling
Environment
Financing
•
Universal Access Plan launched in 2005 with
high political visibility and ownership
•
Federal Government set policy, regions and
districts assigned clear functions
•
Genuine decentralization with 50% of public
budget sent to regional level
•
WASH staff hired at regional and district level to
plan, implement and backstop service delivery
•
Decentralized levels prioritized WASH
•
Consolidated One WaSH Program and account
to pool partner resources
Urban Sanitation
Data Shows Urban HHs Invest in On-Site
Sanitation … Growing Access Rates …
2/3 of HH invest in
on-site sanitation,
but only 22% of
fecal sludge is
safely managed
… but leads to ‘public bad’ in the absence of
investment in sanitation markets and infrastructure
Urgent need to moved from
simplistic MDGs indicators to SDG indicators
Urban Water Supply
While Access Increased – Much Is Off Network …
… at a Cost to the Poorest
Table of costs m3 of
formal versus informal
supply
Senegal Stayed Ahead of the Arc of
History on Urban Water Supply
Leadership
Enabling
Environment
Financing
•
Top-level leadership decision to take bold step to
implement asset-holder/operator split
•
Planned for the expansion of the network
•
Social connection and land tenure policies enabled
household uptake of connections
•
Borrowed concessional finance for expansion
•
Operators mobilized working capital
•
Implemented cost recovery measures
•
Carefully monitored financial stability of subsector
The Winning Team –
Leadership, Enabling Environment and Financing
Thank you
www.wsp.org | www.worldbank.org/water | www.blogs.worldbank.org/water |
@WorldBankWater