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Tuesday, March 22 TODAY’S AGENDA • Stress Kahoot • Health Effects of Tobacco • Why People Use Tobacco KAHOOT.IT “Managing Stress” • Get a partner in the class. • One of you login to Kahoot.it • Put both your names in the game. i.e. John/Katie • Wait for the gamepin! • GOOD LUCK!!!! Chapter 9 Tobacco Lesson 9.1 The Health Effects of Tobacco Lesson 9.2 Why People Use Tobacco Lesson 9.3 Treating and Preventing Nicotine Addiction What do you know about Tobacco? • KAHOOT.IT Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. st 1 Period 10/31-11/3 th 6 Period 10/31-11/3 Monday, October 31 “C” Day • The Health Effects of Tobacco • Why People Use Tobacco Lesson 9.1 The Health Effects of Tobacco Lesson 9.1 “Smoking and Respiratory System” Handout Warm-Up Nervous system Which parts of the body may be damaged by tobacco use over time? Eyes Mouth Lungs Cardiovascular system Digestive system Urinary system Reproductive system Other affected areas: • Endocrine system • Immune system shutterstock.com/rui vale sousa Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Tobacco Products • Leaves of tobacco plants contain nicotine • Nicotine is an addictive, toxic substance thinkstock.com/iStock/nanoqfu Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Cigarettes • Most common method of tobacco use • Other methods: cigars, pipes (including hookah pipes), smokeless tobacco, and electronic or e-cigarettes thinkstock.com/iStock/pmphoto Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Smokeless Tobacco • Chewing tobacco— strands of tobacco are chewed or held in the mouth • Snuff —finely ground tobacco is inhaled or held in the mouth • Nicotine is absorbed through mouth tissues shutterstock.com/Shane Trotter Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Smokeless Tobacco Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Hookah Pipe • As tobacco burns, smoke passes through a water chamber and cools before being inhaled thinkstock.com/iStock/nata789 Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. E-Cigarettes VIDEO Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Think Further Myth or Fact? The use of smokeless tobacco, hookah pipes, and e-cigarettes is safer, healthier, and less addictive than smoking cigarettes. MYTH – Fact: Smokeless tobacco is linked to cancers of the oral cavity, throat, and digestive system. – Fact: Hookah smokers are exposed to at least as many toxins as cigarette smokers. – Fact: Each method can cause addiction since each delivers nicotine into the body. Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Cardiovascular System • Smokers are twice as likely to die from heart attacks as nonsmokers • Carbon monoxide interferes with the oxygen-carrying ability of red blood cells so the heart receives less oxygen shutterstock.com/BioMedical Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. How Nicotine Affects the Heart Nicotine enters bloodstream Blood vessels narrow and adrenaline is released Heart and breathing rates, and blood pressure increase Heart works harder to pump blood through body Blood flow restricted by buildup of fatty deposits in vessel walls Increased risk of heart attack or stroke Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. The Respiratory System • Air travels through the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, and into the bronchi in the lungs • Respiratory and cardiovascular systems deliver oxygen to cells and remove and expel carbon dioxide Click here for the “Airflow In and Out of the Lungs” animation Body Scientific International, LLC Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Gas Exchange in Lungs Body Scientific International, LLC Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Lungs: Before and After Smoking • Over time, smoking damages the lungs • The healthy lung (left) belongs to a nonsmoker and the other is that of a smoker • Smoking during the teenage years can stunt the growth of the lungs Science Source/Arthur Glauberman Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. 70 Carcinogens in Tobacco Smoke Nicotine Tar Carcinogens Carbon Monoxide thinkstock.com/iStock/empire331 Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Toxic Chemicals Found in Tobacco Products Also Found in… • • • • • • • • Embalming fluid Rat poison Pesticides Car exhaust Lighter fluid Battery acid Nail polish remover Road-paving material • • • • • • • Hair dye Mothballs Rocket fuel Paint Rubber cement Battery acid Household cleaners Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Smoking-Related Diseases • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease • Chronic bronchitis (bronchial tubes become swollen and irritated and pathways to lungs narrowed) • Emphysema (sacs of air in lung tissue are destroyed) • Lung Cancer • Abnormal cells grow rapidly and form a mass of cells, or tumor, that interferes with breathing Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Immune System • Smoking weakens immune system — organs, tissues, and cells that fight off disease-causing agents • Smokers get sick more often than nonsmokers thinkstock.com/iStock/ATIC12 Click here for the Unit 4 video, “A Day in the Life” Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Impact of Secondhand Smoke • Secondhand smoke is dangerous • To protect the public, smoking is banned in many public areas • Those most harmed by secondhand smoke are infants, children, and pregnant women shutterstock.com/Lester Balajadia Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Children and Secondhand Smoke • Children regularly exposed to secondhand smoke have more • respiratory problems, including asthma attacks • ear infections • sore throats shutterstock.com/Elena Kouptsova-Vasic Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Pregnant Women and Smoking • Women who smoke while pregnant raise the risk their children will • be born prematurely • have a low birth weight • die of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) • develop behavioral problems thinkstock.com/iStock/Chris Williams Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Critical Thinking How can you avoid secondhand smoke? • Avoid places where smoking is permitted • Don’t accept car rides from people who smoke while driving • Ask smokers to go outdoors to smoke • Increase indoor air circulation to dissipate smoke • Support smokers who want to quit shutterstock.com/Thomas Lauridsen Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Lesson 9.2 Why People Use Tobacco Addiction • Each day in the United States, • 3,200 teenagers smoke their first cigarette • 2,100 teenagers and young adults who were occasional smokers become daily smokers • Yet 9 out of 10 teenagers do not smoke Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Four Stages of Substance Abuse Lesson 9.2 “Identifying the Stages of Substance Abuse” Handout 1 • Experimentation • User uses a substance “just to try it” 2 • Regular Use • User develops habit of regularly using substance 3 4 • Tolerance • User’s body needs more and more of substance to achieve the same effects • Dependency and Addiction • User relies on the substance to function or feel “normal” • Habit interferes with personal responsibilities and relationships Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Critical Thinking What is a physical versus a psychological dependence? Dependence is physical when the body needs a certain amount of a substance to function normally; psychological dependence causes people to believe they need a substance to feel “normal” shutterstock.com/studio online Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. ENERGIZER ACTIVITY • FIT DECK Lesson 9.3 Treating and Preventing Nicotine Addiction Benefits of Quitting • Within days of quitting, • blood pressure and heart rate decrease • coughing abates • Within a year of quitting, • risk of heart attack and cancer decrease shutterstock.com/Gang Liu Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Treating Nicotine Addiction • Nicotine replacement • Examples: Nicotine gum and nicotine patch • Medication • Drugs help smokers cope with withdrawal symptoms shutterstock.com/bikeriderlondon Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Treating Nicotine Addiction • Self-Management Strategies – Stimulus control, or avoiding tempting situations – Response substitution, or substituting smoking with stress management, relaxation, and coping skills shutterstock.com/Oguz Dikbakan Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Critical Thinking What resources can smokers use to quit? • Individual and group counseling • School guidance counselors • Doctors • Telephone helplines • Online resources shutterstock.com/Djomas Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Prevention • Close to 90% of adults who smoke regularly had their first cigarette by 18 years of age • Prevention is the best way to reduce the smoking rate Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Government-Based Strategies Lesson 9.3 “You Be The Government” Handout • Banning the sale of tobacco products (to people younger than 18 years of age, for example) • Banning smoking in public places • Increasing taxes on cigarettes • Requiring warning labels on packaging • Mass media antismoking campaigns Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. http://safeshare.tv/w/Loq nJXhals Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Disadvantages of Smoking • Many nonsmoking teens view smoking as “gross” • 8 in 10 eighth graders surveyed said they prefer to date people who do not smoke thinkstock.com/iStock/Martin Novak Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Smoking and Your Wallet • Pack of cigarettes costs between $5 and $14, depending on local tax rates • Cost of a pack-a-day habit at $7 a pack: • $213 per month • $2,557 per year • $25,570 per decade Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website. Social Costs of Tobacco Use • One-half million adults will die prematurely from smoking this year • Total economic costs due to tobacco are over $289 billion a year —2014 Surgeon General’s Report shutterstock.com/baur Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. May not be posted to a publicly accessible website.