Download Tobacco Notes

TOBACCO
NOTES
ADDICTION
• Each day in the United States,
• 3,200 teenagers smoke their first cigarette
• 2,100 teenagers and young adults who were
occasional smokers become daily smokers
• Yet 9 out of 10 teenagers do not smoke
FOUR STAGES OF
SUBSTANCE ABUSE
1
• Experimentation
• User uses a substance “just to try it”
2
• Regular Use
• User develops habit of regularly using substance
3
4
• Tolerance
• User’s body needs more and more of substance to
achieve the same effects
• Dependency and Addiction
• User relies on the substance to function or feel “normal”
• Habit interferes with personal responsibilities and
relationships
Tobacco
I.
What’s in a cigarette?
1. Stimulant – drug that increases the functioning of the
(CNS). - Increased HR, BP, Breathing, etc.
2. Nicotine – Addictive substance in cigarettes.
3. Carcinogen – Cancer causing substances.
4. Carbon Monoxide – Colorless, odorless, poisonous gas.
5. Tar – Thick, dark, sticky, fluid produced when tobacco
burns.
II. Immediate effects on the user
- Yellow teeth
- Premature aging
- Yellowing fingertips
- Bad breath
- Smelly hair
- Gum disease, tooth damage
Immediate Effects continued….
- Decrease taste buds
- decrease sense of smell
- Loss of $$
III. Effects on the body
1. Stroke – Lack of oxygen to the brain
HOW NICOTINE AFFECTS
THE HEART
Nicotine enters
bloodstream
Blood vessels
narrow and
adrenaline is
released
Heart and
breathing rates,
and blood pressure
increase
Heart works
harder to pump
blood through
body
Blood flow
restricted by buildup of fatty deposits
in vessel walls
Increased risk of
heart attack or
stroke
2.
Emphysema
- Air sacs burst
- Can’t absorb oxygen
3.
Chronic Bronchitis
- Tar covers the cilia in airways, causing them to
become paralyzed
CRITICAL
THINKING
Which balloon best represents a smoker’s lung?
The balloon on the right is more like a lung
damaged by smoking, which can’t hold as much
oxygen as a healthy lung
thinkstock.com/iStock/Piotr Marcinski; thinkstock.com/iStock/T.W. van Urk
4. Asthma
- Bronchial Tubes Constrict
5. Cancer
- uncontrolled cell growth
IV. Effects on the non Smoker
1. Passive Smoke – (Second hand) The smoke that is
inhaled by those who aren’t smoking
2. Mainstream smoke – Smoke inhaled and exhaled by the
smoker
3. Sidestream Smoke – Smoke from the burning tip
Tobacco During Pregnancy
- Low birth weight
- Premature birth
- Respiratory problems
- SIDS
- Still birth
- Small fetal growth
- Increased behavioral/Intellectual problems
- passed through breastfeeding
PREGNANT WOMEN AND
SMOKING
• Women who smoke while pregnant
raise the risk their children will
• be born prematurely
• have a low birth weight
• die of Sudden Infant
Death Syndrome (SIDS)
• develop behavioral
problems
thinkstock.com/iStock/Chris Williams
Smokeless Tobacco
- 10 times the carcinogens into blood stream
- 1 can of chewing tobacco = 60 cigarettes (nicotine)
- Leukoplakia – small white, leathery patches on
the inside of the mouth from chewing tobacco.
- Non-cancerous when they appear, but can
become if untreated
BENEFITS OF QUITTING
• Within days of quitting,
• blood pressure and heart
rate decrease
• coughing abates
• Within a year of quitting,
• risk of heart attack and
cancer decrease
shutterstock.com/Gang Liu
TREATING NICOTINE
ADDICTION
• Nicotine replacement
• Examples: Nicotine
gum and nicotine patch
• Medication
• Drugs help smokers
cope with withdrawal
symptoms
shutterstock.com/bikeriderlondon
TREATING NICOTINE
ADDICTION
• Self-Management Strategies
– Stimulus control, or avoiding tempting
situations
– Response substitution, or substituting
smoking with stress management,
relaxation, and coping skills
shutterstock.com/Oguz Dikbakan
PREVENTION
• Close to 90% of adults who
smoke regularly had their first
cigarette by 18 years of age
• Prevention is the best way to
reduce the smoking rate
SMOKING AND YOUR
WALLET
• Pack of cigarettes costs between $5 and $14, depending on local
tax rates
• Cost of a pack-a-day habit at $7 a pack:
• $213 per month
• $2,557 per year
• $25,570 per decade
https://www.quitnow.ca/quitting/calculate-my-savings
SOCIAL COSTS OF
TOBACCO USE
• One-half million adults will die
prematurely from smoking this
year
• Total economic costs due to
tobacco are over $289 billion a
year
—2014 Surgeon General’s Report
shutterstock.com/baur
Thank You For Vaping:
The E-Cigarette Debate
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W_DsHCic534