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US History – Semester Exam Review US History 2nd Semester Final Exam Review Shivers, Smith, Burrows Below is a concept bank with phrases and concepts. Write the phrase or concept that answers the question along with the letter below the question. Concept Bank for Questions 1-15 A. having a stronger central government will make the country more stable and prosperous B. guaranteeing their permanent freedom from slavery C. allowing more efficient movement of goods D. expanding westward to the Pacific Ocean E. economic policies imposed by Great Britain following the French and Indian War F. to protect individual freedoms from the federal government G. slavery H. the American victory at the Battle of Yorktown I. ignoring the ruling and allowing Georgia to evict the Cherokee Nation J. the adoption of Indian removal policies K. Congress can override a presidential veto with a two-thirds majority vote in both houses L. further colonization of the Americas by European countries is prohibited M. Nullification Crisis N. defined by Thomas Jefferson in the Declaration of Independence O. people moved to cities in search of economic opportunity 1. “It is essential to the freedom and security of a free people, that no taxes be imposed upon them but by their own consent, or their representatives.” The Sons of Liberty, address to the public, New York, December 15, 1773 The excerpt above reflects the dissatisfaction of American colonists with the… ? economic policies imposed by Great Britain following the French and Indian War 2. As a result of the Oregon Treaty the United States achieved its goal of… ? expanding westward to the Pacific Ocean 3. The innovation shown in this photograph most affected the U.S. economy by… ? allowing more efficient movement of goods 1 of Exam Semester II Shivers-Smith-Burrows 2016 US History – Semester Exam Review 4. The Thirteen Amendment to the US Constitution affected the lives of millions of African Americans by…? guaranteeing their permanent freedom from slavery 5. “I consider, then, the power to annul a law of the United States, assumed by one state, incompatible with the existence of the Union, contradicted expressly by the letter of the Constitution . . .” Proclamation, President Andrew Jackson The proclamation excerpted above was issued during which of these historical events ? Nullification Crisis 6. Why did the Anti-Federalists demand that a Bill of Rights be added to the U.S. Constitution ? to protect individual freedoms from the federal government 7. America may boast that she has accomplished what no power before her ever did, contending with Britain—Captured two of their celebrated Generals and each an Army of thousands of veteran Troops to support them. Abigail Adams, letter to John Adams, December 9, 1781 To which of the following is Abigail Adams referring in this excerpt ? the American victory at the Battle of Yorktown 8. Which answer choice from concept bank best summarizes the Monroe Doctrine ? further colonization of the Americas by European countries is prohibited 9. “Finally, in the summer of 1842, after seven years of desperate warfare, an agreement was reached with the few hundred remaining Seminoles, allowing them to live in southwest Florida.” John and Mary Lou Missall, A Short History of the Seminole Wars, 2006 What led to the conflict referred to in this excerpt ? the adoption of Indian removal policies 10. With which of the following arguments would the authors of The Federalist Papers most likely have agreed from the concept bank ? having a stronger central government will make the country more stable and prosperous 11. He has refused his Assent to Laws, the most wholesome and necessary for the public good. Declaration of Independence, 1776 Which Provision of the U.S. Constitution reflects this grievance ? Congress can override a presidential veto with a two-thirds majority vote in both houses 2 of Exam Semester II Shivers-Smith-Burrows 2016 US History – Semester Exam Review 12. Which statement from concept bank best describes a result of industrialization in the United States during the mid-nineteenth century ? people moved to cities in search of economic opportunity 13. ☼ Life ☼ Liberty ☼ Pursuit of Happiness The rights listed above were? defined by Thomas Jefferson in the Declaration of Independence 14. In 1832 the Supreme Court ruled that Georgia did not have legal authority over the Cherokees living in the state. President Andrew Jackson responded to this decision by ? ignoring the ruling and allowing Georgia to evict the Cherokee Nation 15. “All knew that this interest was, somehow, the cause of the war. To strengthen, perpetuate, and extend this interest, was the object for which the insurgents would rend the Union, even by war; while the government claimed no right to do more than to restrict the territorial enlargement of it.” President Abraham Lincoln, second inaugural address, 1865 In the excerpt above, what does “this interest” refer to ? slavery Below is a concept bank with phrases and concepts. Write the phrase or concept that answers the question along with the letter below the question. Concept Bank for Questions 16-30 A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. L. M. N. O. Northerners who believed the law was unfair began to support the abolitionist movement discouraging the consumption of alcoholic beverages established a method for admitting new states to the Union an ‘economic’ boom in the West by making the production of goods more efficient knowledge of the terrain where most battles were fought excessive surveillance by the government the demand for slaves increases in the South free enterprise U.S. – Mexican War it was the first time Congress passed a law that protected racial minorities the Confederate attack upon the Union fort initiated the war two-thirds of both congressional houses vote in favor of proposing the amendment to profit from trading in furs and other goods Should more populous states receive greater Representation ? 16. The Northwest Ordinance is considered a historical milestone because it ? established a method for admitting new states to the Union 3 of Exam Semester II Shivers-Smith-Burrows 2016 US History – Semester Exam Review 17. “We have met here today to discuss our rights and wrongs, civil and political, and not, as some have supposed, to go into the detail of social life alone.” Elizabeth Cady Stanton: Seneca Falls, NY The words quoted above came from the Keynote Speaker at the Whole World’s Temperance Convention in 1853. She spoke in ‘favor’ of what… ? discouraging the consumption of alcoholic beverages 18. One advantage the Confederacy had over the Union during the Civil War was that Confederate forces had… ? knowledge of the terrain where most battles were fought 19. Fourth Amendment The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effect, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause… The Constitutional amendment excerpted above protects people in the United States from ? excessive surveillance by the government 20. Which pull factor accounted for much of Chinese immigration to the United States in the mid-1800s ? . an ‘economic’ boom in the West 21. Eli Whitney obtains a patent for the cotton gin. → Raw cotton becomes easier to process. → Cotton production increases. Which of these best completes the diagram above ? → ? the demand for slaves increases in the South 22. The Compromise of 1850 allowed certain territories to use popular sovereignty to determine whether the territory would be ‘free’ or ‘slave’. This decision applied to much of the land gained from the… ? U.S. – Mexican War 23. Provisions of the Civil Rights Act of 1866 ⌂ Designated all people born in the United States as citizens {except American Indians} ⌂ Granted all citizens certain rights under the law What is the historical significance of this Act ? it was the first time Congress passed a law that protected racial minorities 4 of Exam Semester II Shivers-Smith-Burrows 2016 US History – Semester Exam Review 24. ф ф ф Limited government interference in business Prices determined by supply and demand Private owners receive the profits Which type of economy is best described by these characteristics ? free enterprise 25. The Constitution describes two ways to propose an amendment. Which of the following gives an example of one way ? two-thirds of both congressional houses vote in favor of proposing the amendment 26. How was the April 12th Bombardment of Fort Sumter, South Carolina, significant to the Civil War ? the Confederate attack upon the Union fort initiated the war 27. The Articles of Confederation allowed each state only one vote in Congress. Which question reflects a major concern states had about this arrangement ? Should more populous states receive greater Representation 28. Which of the following was a primary reason France sought to colonize North America ? to profit from trading in furs and other goods 29. How did the factory system contribute to the rapid industrialization of the United States ? by making the production of goods more efficient 30. This controversial law allowed slave-hunters to seize alleged fugitive slaves without due process of law and prohibited anyone from aiding escaped fugitives or obstructing their recovery. Because it was often presumed that a black person was a slave, the law threatened the safety of all blacks. . . Text from an online exhibit describing the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850, Library of Congress, http://www.loc.gov (accessed December 9, 2009) What was one result of the law described above ? Northerners who believed the law was unfair began to support the abolitionist movement 5 of Exam Semester II Shivers-Smith-Burrows 2016 US History – Semester Exam Review Below is a concept bank with phrases and concepts. Write the phrase or concept that answers the question along with the letter below the question. Concept Bank for Questions 31-42 A. cloth weavers in textile mills B. a famine caused by the failure of a staple food crop (the potato) C. resented the limits it imposed on Westward expansion D. the Revolutionary Era E. use of mass-production techniques F. the Fourteenth Amendment G. support grew for the abolitionist movement H. Sixth Amendment I. escape persecution J. it established a form of self-government based on social contract K. natural harbors provided access to markets L. an increase in the number of factories in the Northeast 31. ☻ First Continental Congress convened ☻ Thomas Paine’s Common Sense was published The events listed above occurred during which Era… ? the Revolutionary Era 32. The introduction of interchangeable parts led directly to the… ? use of mass-production techniques 33. During the early 1800s many young women in New England were employed outside their homes as… ? cloth weavers in textile mills 34. British colonists objected to the Proclamation of 1763 because they… ? resented the limits it imposed on Westward expansion 35. Which was the most major impact of this novel ? 36. When citizens report for jury duty, they are helping uphold a constitutional right guaranteed by the…? Sixth Amendment 6 of Exam Semester II Shivers-Smith-Burrows 2016 US History – Semester Exam Review 37. In the 1840s, thousands of Irish immigrants came to the United States seeking to escape…? a famine caused by the failure of a staple food crop 38. Catholics immigrated to the Maryland Colony in the seventeenth century primarily to… ? escape persecution 39. Which of the following reversed the Supreme Court ruling in Dred Scott v. Sandford ? Fourteenth Amendment 40. ○ ○ ○ ○ Canal Networks Swiftly flowing Rivers Extensive Railroad Systems Banking and Investment Centers In the nineteenth century, the availability of the resources in this list resulted in… ? increase in the number of factories in the Northeast 41. How did geography influence the early economic development of New York, Boston, and Charleston ? natural harbors provided access to markets 42. Which statement best explains the significance of the Mayflower Compact… ? established a form of self-government based on social contract Below is a concept bank with phrases and concepts. Write the phrase or concept that answers the question along with the letter below the question. Concept Bank for Questions 43-53 A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. limit the effects of the Civil War Amendments making Manifest Destiny an official federal policy the cost of shipping goods from the Midwest decreased there was a renewed sense of nationalism the establishment of the principle of religious freedom protection from cruel and unusual punishment Federal Court determine the constitutionality of a law delegates writing the Articles of Confederation implement a plan to bring Confederate States back into the Union Federalism the First Amendment guarantees personal freedoms 43. What was one major effect of the opening of the Erie Canal… ? cost of shipping goods from the Midwest decreased 7 of Exam Semester II Shivers-Smith-Burrows 2016 US History – Semester Exam Review 44. Black Codes was a name given to laws passed by southern governments established during the presidency of Andrew Johnson. These laws imposed severe restrictions on freedmen, such as prohibiting their right to vote, forbidding them to sit on juries, and limiting their right to testify against white men. They were also forbidden from carrying weapons in public places and working in certain occupations. National Archives and Records Administration, http:jjwww,archives,gov (accessed July 14, 2010) Southern States passed the codes described in this excerpt in order to… ? limit the effects of the Civil War Amendments 45. Resolved, That our title to the whole of the Territory of Oregon is clear and unquestionable; that no portion of the same ought to be ceded to England or any other power, and that the re-occupation of Oregon and the re-annexation of Texas at the earliest practicable period are great American measures, which this Convention recommends to the cordial support of the Democracy of the Union. Democratic Party Platform of 1844 This excerpt provides evidence that in 1844 Democrats supported… ? making Manifest Destiny an official federal policy 46. Which of the following was a defining characteristic of the Era of Good Feelings… ? a renewed sense of nationalism 47. Due Process of Law ↓↓↓ Guarantee of a speedy trial ↓↓↓ ↓↓↓ Freedom from unreasonable search and seizure ? Which best completes the above diagram ? protection from cruel and unusual punishment 8 of Exam Semester II Shivers-Smith-Burrows 2016 US History – Semester Exam Review 48. The Puritans founded the Massachusetts Bay Colony to escape persecution Roger Williams was banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony and formed a new colony that did not have a state church Anne Hutchinson was expelled from the Massachusetts Bay Colony for dissenting against church doctrine This diagram describes events in Colonial America that are related to… ? establishment of the principle of religious freedom 49. "It is emphatically the province and duty of the judicial department to say what the law is. Those who apply the rule to particular cases, must of necessity expound and interpret that rule. If two laws conflict with each other, the courts must decide on the operation of each." Chief Justice John Marshall Which precedent was established by the Supreme Court ruling Marbury v. Madison ? Federal Court determine the constitutionality of a law 50. ► How do we finance a war ? ◄ ► Who has the power to negotiate treaties ? ◄ ► What prevents the Executive Branch from becoming too powerful ? ◄ Which group was responsible for answering these questions ? delegates writing the Articles of Confederation 51. After General Robert E Lee’s surrender at Appomattox Court House, the main priority of the United States was to… ? implement a plan to bring Confederate States back into the Union 52. ‘The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.’ Tenth Amendment, US Constitution Which principle of the US government is most clearly reflected in the amendment above ? Federalism 9 of Exam Semester II Shivers-Smith-Burrows 2016 US History – Semester Exam Review 53. BERWYN, Pennsylvania: A new mosque recently opened in this suburb of Philadelphia. The leaders did not seek publicity for the happy occasion, only continued peace with their neighbors: a Jewish synagogue next door and a Baptist church across the street. Kathy Matheson, Associated Press, September 10, 2010 This event best demonstrates which feature of the American way of life ? First Amendment guarantees personal freedoms Below is a concept bank with phrases and concepts. Write the phrase or concept that answers the question along with the letter below the question. Concept Bank for Questions 54-65 A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. L. War of 1812 commanding a victory at sea against the British navy fighting broke out between pro-slavery and anti-slavery groups in Kansas have as a result of being human the Union matters more than current disagreements between states it turned the South into a major producer of the cotton used in Northern mills Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton Checks and Balances an elected legislature women often managed farm operations manufacturing increased spiritual revival and the need for social reform 54. Which of the following was a result of the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 ? fighting broke out between pro-slavery and anti-slavery groups in Kansas 55. We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights…” Declaration of Independence, July 4, 1776 This excerpt refers to rights that people… ? 56. have as a result of being human In 1787, Congress awarded John Paul Jones the Congressional Gold Medal in honor of his “Valor and Brilliant Service” during the American Revolutionary War. Which accomplishment was Congress recognizing ? commanding a victory at sea against the British navy 10 of Exam Semester II Shivers-Smith-Burrows 2016 US History – Semester Exam Review 57. British support of American Indians in the Northwest Territory →→ ? →→ British impressment of American Sailors Which of the following best completes the diagram above ? Treaty of Ghent War of 1812 58. “We must not be enemies. Though passion may have strained, it must not break our bonds of affection. The mystic chords of memory, stretching from every battlefield and patriot grave, to every living heart and hearthstone, all over this broad land, will yet swell the chorus of the Union, when again touched, as surely they will be, by the better angels of our nature.” Which idea does President Lincoln express in this excerpt ? Abraham Lincoln, 1st Inaugural Address, 1861 Union matters more than current disagreements between states 59. The first political parties in the United States were established in the 1790s largely because of political differences between… ? Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton 60. “ For the well Governing of this province and Territories there shall be an Assembly yearly Chosen by the Freemen thereof to Consist of four persons out of each County…” William Penn, Pennsylvania Charter of Privileges, 1701 Which feature of colonial self-government does this charter establish ? elected legislature 61. How did the plantation system influence the economic development of the United States ? turned the South into a major producer of the cotton used in Northern mills 62. Which Principle of US Government is illustrated in the sequence shown below ? Checks and Balances 63. Although many farmers fought in the Civil War, farms in both the Union and Confederacy were able to continue operating because… ? women often managed farm operations 64. The Second Great Awakening was a movement that promoted ? spiritual revival and the need for social reform 65. How did the War of 1812 affect the U.S. economy ? 11 of Exam Semester II Shivers-Smith-Burrows 2016 manufacturing increased