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Biology 3rd Block Room 128 Mr. R. Bair Biology Teacher Mrs. MV Smith Resource Teacher Date: September 24, 2007 Drill 1. Name the 4 classes of Biochemicals and give which one is attached to each of the following words Fat Hydrophobic Sugar DNA/RNA Amino Acid Double helix Nucleic Acid Dehydration Synthesis Nucleotide Hydrolysis Fatty Acid Steroids Genetics Monosaccharides Sucrose Nucleic Acids Proteins Nucleic Acids Amino Acids Genetics DNA/RNA Double Helix Lipids Fats Fatty Acids Steroids Hydrophobic Carbohydrates All Sugar Dehydration Synthesis Monosaccharides Hydrolysis Sucrose Monomers are identified in italics Proteins -most common organic compound -provides Structure -Start Reactions (Enzymes) -Characteristics -C,O,H,N, sometimes S -Monomer= Amino Acids Structure -Amino Acid Chains -Only 20 naturally occurring Amino Acids -Amino Acids like letters in the alphabet http://www.langara.bc.ca/biology/mario/Assets/aminoAcidStruc.jpg Biology 3rd Block Room 128 Mr. R. Bair Biology Teacher Mrs. MV Smith Resource Teacher R side chain, variable group Dehydration synthesis Smallest organic unit- monomer Group of monomers-polymers Removing water to –dehydration synthesis using water to break down-hydrolysis same formula different structure-isomer contains carbon-organic compound pull out water and link them together Protein-20-3000 different AA (chains) Peptide Bond- Bond formed between 2 AA Peptide Bond-bond between ( 2 AAs together 2 AA=di-peptide 2AA polypeptide Enzymes -type of proteins -lower Activation Energy Activation Energy-Energy required to get a reaction to go Biology 3rd Block Room 128 Mr. R. Bair Biology Teacher Mrs. MV Smith Resource Teacher http://www.langara.bc.ca/biology/mario/Assets/EnergyEnzyme.jpg H2O2 Active site Specificity. Active site provides specificity for its particular substrate, which is a characteristic feature of enzymes. Fischer proposed in 1890 that substrate & enzyme behaved like key in lock i.e. substrate had a matching shape to fit into the active site. http://www-biol.paisley.ac.uk/Courses/stfunmac/glossary/active.html -ase=enzyme Http://bioweb.wku.edu/courses/Biol114/enzyme/enzyme1.asp Lipase, which breaks down fats Protease –which breaks down proteins Carbohydrase-, which breaks down carbohydrates Protease-used to pre-digest proteins during the manufacturing of baby foods Lipase-use (together with protease) in biological detergents to break down (digest) the substance in stains into smaller water-soluble substances Carbohydrase-used to convert starch syrup, which is relatively cheap, into sugar syrup Enzymes-catalysts help reactions to run at a lower energy Denature breakdown of protein due to heat pH
