Download AP26 TEST BANK 2015

AP 26 TEST BANK
1. A condition of WWI warfare that was NOT present
in WWII was
a. Trench warfare
b. Women in factories
c. Use of planes
d. Use of submarines
e. Rationing
2. American entry into WWI was mostly triggered by
a. America’s economic rivalry with Germany
b. America’s desire to seize German colonies
c. The sinking of American vessels by German
U-Boats
d. The fall of Paris to the Germans
e. The Zimmerman Note
3. The battle of Gallipoli in 1915 was
a. An Allied attempt to break into the Black
Sea and connect with Russia
b. An Allied attempt to break the stalemate of
trench warfare in France
c. A famous sea battle involving submarines
d. That last battle in which Russia played a
decisive roles
e. A battle in the Alps of Northern Italy
4. The Schlieffen Plan in place in Germany on the eve
of WWI
a. Warned Germany to beware of the English
b. Said to attack and destroy Russia first, then
deal with the West
c. Advised a naval war using submarines
d. Had been altered to bolster Alsace and
Lorraine
e. Did all of the above
5. During WWI , British Col. T.E. Lawrence worked
against the Central Powers by
a. Helping Arabs revolt against the Ottoman
Empire
b. Uncovering the plot of the Zimmerman note
c. Encouraging Jewish migration to the Middle
East
d. Urging the Irish to ignore German scheming
e. e.Negotiation with the US to enter the war
6. In the context of WWI, the phrase “total war”
referred to
a. The bombing of civilians in major cities
b. The total conversion of the economy to
fulfill wartime needs
c. The refusal to take prisoners
d. The fighting of the war on multiple
continents
e. All of the above
7. During WWI , Japan
a. Sided with the allies
b. Advanced its claims in China
c. Became increasingly militaristic
d. Secretly issue its “Twenty-One demands”
e. Did all of the above
8. The Schlieffen Plan was designed by the German
military to
A.
address U.S. troop deployments in
France.
B.
strengthen the defense of Germany's
colonies.
C.
neutralize Great Britain's naval control
of the North Sea.
D.
avoid the problem of fighting Allied
powers on two fronts.
9. Why was the 1914 Battle of the Marne significant
to an Allied victory over Germany?
A.
The battle stopped Germany from a
planned invasion of France.
B.
It allowed Russia time to mobilize its army.
C.
It prompted Great Britain to enter the war.
D.
Germany's loss ended hopes for a quick
victory on the Western Front.
10. What developed as a consequence of the
stalemate that occurred on the Western Front in
1914?
A.
Trench warfare.
B.
A lack of casualties on both sides.
C.
Various calls for cease-fire agreements.
D.
Established demilitarized zones.
11. World War I resulted in new technologies being
first developed and used including
A.
chemical and biological weapons.
B.
machine guns, aircraft, and zeppelins.
C.
submarines and tanks.
D.
all of the above.
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AP 26 TEST BANK
12. Why did most combat on the Western Front in
World War I take place in a relatively small area?
A.
There is only a small amount of flat land in
all of Europe.
B.
The armies became immobile because of
trench warfare.
C.
Each side cut off the fuel supply of the
other.
D.
Germany’s military tactics were based on
“static warfare.”
13. Which of the following most affected the course
and outcome of World War I?
A.
Allied withdrawal from the Turkish
peninsula of Gallipoli.
B.
British victories in the Sinai that secured the
Suez Canal.
C.
American military and financial
intervention in the war.
D.
The switch in allegiance of Italy from the
Central Powers to the Allies.
14. In the early 20th century, before World War I,
what France most resented about Germany was
a. its build up of a naval force
b. its seizure of Alsace and Lorraine in 1871
c. the militaristic attitude of William I
d. competition for colonies in Africa
e. the big increase in Germany’s armed forces
15. Total war during World War I included
A.
universal conscription, and naval blockades.
B.
increased taxes, censorship of the press.
C.
use of propaganda on both sides and
women in the work force.
D.
all of the above.
16. The book "All Quiet on the Western Front" dealt
with life on the front lines from the perspective of
which people?
A.
French.
B.
British.
C.
German.
D.
American.
17. One contribution of overseas colonies to the
Allied effort during World War I, was that they
provided
A.
large numbers of soldiers to reinforce the
Allied armies.
B.
protected sites for new Allied industrial
factories.
C.
most of the agricultural labor in the Allied
nations.
D.
places of refuge for displaced Allied civilian
populations.
18. Ottoman Turk oppression and persecution of
Armenian Christians during World War I resulted in
A.
between 600,000 and 1.5 million
Armenians killed.
B.
Armenians being deported to Iran and
Afghanistan.
C.
Armenians gaining control of Turkey after
World War I.
D.
Allied forces aiding Armenian guerrilla
forces against Germany.
19. Which World War I military tactic of Germany
was seen internationally as an atrocity and crime of
war?
A.
The Schlieffen Plan.
B.
Unrestricted submarine warfare.
C.
Aerial Dogfight.
D.
The Armenian massacre.
20. Women’s suffrage was first achieved at the
national level in Germany and Great Britain in the
period
(A) 1848- 1870
(B) 1871-1885
(C) 1886-1900
(D) 1901-1913
(E) 1914-1930
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AP 26 TEST BANK
“We see men living with their skulls blown open; we
see soldiers run with their two feet cut
off . . .
Still the littlest piece of convulsed earth in which we
lie is held. We have yielded
no more than a
few hundred yards of it as a prize to the enemy. But
on every yard there
lies a dead men.”
21. The quotation above presents a major theme in
(A) Emile Zola’s Germinal
(B) Albert Camus’s The Stranger
(C) T.S. Eliot’s The Waste Land
(D) James Joyce’s Ulysses
(E) Erich Remarque’s All Quiet on the Western Front
22. Which of the following factors most stimulated
the entrance of large numbers of women into the
labor force in many European countries during the
First World War?
(A) The decline in the average size of families
(B) The increase in divorce rates
(C) Woman suffrage
(D) The spread of Wilsonian principles
(E) The shortage in the labor supply
23. The primary purpose of the First World War
poster shown above was to:
(A) encourage women to serve in the armed forces
along with men
(B) encourage and facilitate female recruitment in
the munitions industry
(C) encourage men to volunteer for military service
(D) evacuate women and children to rural areas for
safety
(E) persuade families to house soldiers
24. Which of the following authors wrote of the
suffering of soldiers fighting during the First World
War?
(A) James Joyce
(B) Charles Baudelaire
(C) Erich Maria Remarque
(D) Thomas Mann
(E) Leo Tolstoi
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AP 26 TEST BANK
25. In which of the following ways did the Russian
revolution affect the course of WWI?
A.
It gave the Allies a new enemy
B.
Russia joined the Triple Entente
C.
Russia withdrew from the war
D.
It caused the Germans to launch a new
offensive in the east
E.
None of the above
26. World War I had been called a “total war” for all
of the following reasons EXCEPT
a. Campaigns were fought on every continent
b. It involved the whole civilian population of
the belliigerents
c. The entire resources of the nations at war
were marshaled for the war effort
d. Those not serving in the military, including
women, were expected to work in war
plants, buy bonds to support the war,
morally back the nation’s aims
e. There were more civilian that military
casualities
27. All of the following contributed to the outbreak
of WWI EXCEPT
A.
Rival alliances
B.
Conflicting colonial claims
C.
Slavic nationalism
D.
A naval arms race
E.
Japanese militarism
30. An important cause of the Anglo-German rivalry
from the last decades of the 19th century to 1914
was
A.
Competition in world trade and
territorial expansion
B.
The declining strength of the German
navy
C.
The conflict over the Berlin to Bagdad
railway
D.
Britain’s Entente Coridal with France
E.
Traditional enmities between the
nations
31. The significance of the Algeciras Conference of
1906 was that
a. It granted Morocco independence from
France
b. It gave Germany a foothold in North Africa
c. It demonstrated the resolve of the Triple
Alliance
d. It solidified the rivalry of the two camps,
the Triple Alliance and the Triple Entente
e. It embarrassed Kaiser Wilhelm II
32. Generally, the offensives on the Western Front
a. Made significant territorial gains
b. Were minor skirmishes
c. Saw the slaughter of massed infantry units
d. Were won by the attacking army
e. Were fought in one or two days
33. After the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand in
June of 1914, the infamous “blank check “ issued by
Germany to Austria
a. Promised support in whatever action
Austria stook against England
b. Was matched by a “blank check” from
Russia to Serbia
c. Encouraged Austrian military against
Serbia and Russia
d. Created a rift between Russia and France
e. Brought an ultimatum from Britain to
Germany
34. The German Schlieffen Plan failed for all of the
following Reasons EXCEPT
a. It was based on the strategy of attrition in
a drawn –out war
b. Russian mobilization was too swift to allow
the “holding action” in the east
c. Belgian resistance to their violated
neutrality was stiff
d. German divisions were transferred from
France to East Prussia
e. The French counter attack at the Marne
was successful
35. Bismarck’s alliance system was designed to
isolate France and
a. Expand German territory eastward
b. Challenge Britain’s dominant world
position
c. Create rival diplomatic blocs in Europe
d. Maintain peace between Russia and
Austria-Hungary
e. Prevent Russia from moving toward a
parliamentary system
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AP 26 TEST BANK
36. War on the Eastern Front
a. Quickly degenerated into static trench
warfare
b. Was similar in character to that on the
Western Front
c. Involved a defensive stand by the German
armies against the numerically superior
Russians
d. Was characterized by decisive German
victories, horrific Russian losses, and the
German acquisition of vast territories
e. Was marked by spectacular Austrian
victories against the Turks and the Russians
37. Which was an innovation first employed in WWI
a. Massed artillery
b. Tank warfare
c. Naval blockade
d. Large-scale infantry assaults over a broad
front
e. Trench warfare
38. The belligerent nations directed the war effort by
instituting all the following controls on their civilian
populations EXCEPT
a. Press censorship
b. Allocation of raw materials for industry
c. Mobilization of industrial output for war
production
d. Outlawing of labor strikes
e. Denial of religious freedom
39. The spark that ignited the Balkan “powder keg”
was the assassination of
a. Archduke Franz Ferdinand
b. Emperor Francis Joseph
c. Chancellor Bethmann-Holweg
d. Tsar Nicholas II
e. Tsar Alexander II
40. As a result of the war, all these empires ended
EXCEPT
a. The French
b. The Ottoman
c. The Austro-Hungarian
d. The Russian
e. The German
41. All of the following states were granted
independence at the peace conferences that ended
WWI EXCEPT
a. Poland
b. Czechoslavakia
c. Yugoslavia
d. Hungary
e. Romania
42. After the assassination of Russia’s tsar Alexander
II in 1881, his successor, Alexander III, adopted the
policy of
a. Constitutional reform
b. Industrialization
c. “Orthodoxy, Russification, and Autocracy”
d. Westernization
e. Modern scientific rationalism
43. What was the social significance of women
working in factories during WWi
a. Due to the wartime shortage of male
workers, even supervisors were women
b. Women were found to be more adept than
men at close detail work
c. Universal suffrage had been granted with
the outbreak of war, and women used the
vote as leverage for getting industrial jobs
d. The vital contribution of women to the war
effort helped in their liberation from
narrow social roles
e. Only women in those days would accept
such tedious , menial work
“God is on our side, each claimed and fervently
believed as they marched off in 1914. They denied
themselves the freedom to learn the truth and speak
out against the insanity of it all, and they sent a
whole generation of their young men to the
slaughter.”
44. The “they” in the passage above refers to
a. The kaiser’s military High Command
b. The British General Staff
c. The leaders of the Central Powers
d. The czarist government in Russia
e. The belligerent nations of WWI
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AP 26 TEST BANK
“ You can no more win a war than you can win an
earthquake.”
Jeanette Rankin
45. Had the above quote been written in 1914 in
one of the warring countries, its writer would likely
have been
a. Published in the mainstream press
b. Applauded by the general public
c. Publically debated by an official of the
government
d. Ostracized and censored
e. A member of parliament
46. All were weapons first employed in combat
during WWI EXCEPT
a. Armored tanks
b. Poison gas
c. Observation balloons
d. Diesel-powered submarines
e. Fighter aircraft
47. Which was NOT a provision of the Treaty of
Versailles?
a. Germany accepted sole responsibility for
starting WWI
b. Austria was required to pay reparations to
the Allies
c. Germany was effectively disarmed
d. The Rhineland was demilitarized
e. Germany was to pay the cost of damage
done to the property of Allied citizens
48. All are important reasons for the failure of the
League of Nations EXCEPT
a. Each member nation of the Assembly got
one vote regardless of it power
b. The US never joined
c. Economic sanctions could be ignored by
member nations
d. The league could but never did raise an
international force to repel aggression
e. Italy and Japan’s defence of league
mandates in the 1930s reduced its
credibility
49. Before it disbanded, the Versailles peace
congerence did all of the following EXCEPT
a. Set a very high amount of reparations
payment
b. Limited the German army to 100,000 troops
c. Establish the nations of Czechoslavakia and
Kingdom of Slav(Yougoslavia)
d. Created the League of Nations
e. Made Germany sign a war guilt clause
50. Of the three main negotiators at the Paris Peace
Conference of 1919, which one was most concerned
to make sure that Germany would never threaten
again?
a. David Lloyd George
b. Woodrow Wilson
c. Charles deGaulle
d. Georges Clemenceau
e. e.None of the above
51. What aim did Italian leader Vittorio Orlando have
during the creation of the Treaty of Versailles?
A. to gain territory from Austria-Hungary
B. to assume control of Austria’s industries
C. to guarantee the partition of Germany
D. to gain possession of Austria’s overseas colonies
52. What basic idea was shared by both Britain and
France at the Paris Peace Conference in 1919?
A. Italy should give up its colonies in Africa.
B. Germany should be divided into occupation
zones.
C. German military power should be permanently
restricted.
D. The Central Powers should divide the cost of the
war equally.
53. American President Wilson stated that his
Fourteen Points would provide a framework for
A.
a lasting peace.
B.
determining war reparations.
C.
expanding colonial empires.
D.
punishing aggressor nations.
54. Of the nations that signed the Treaty of
Versailles, which one failed to join the League of
Nations?
A.
France.
B.
Great Britain.
C.
Belgium.
D.
United States.
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AP 26 TEST BANK
55. A major goal of both France and Britain at the
Conference of Versailles was to
A.
to assume control of Austria's industry.
B.
to keep Germany from rebuilding its
military.
C.
help Germany to rebuild its industrial
economy.
D.
to restore pre-war imperial governments to
power.
56. Why did the U.S. fail to join the League of
Nations?
A.
Isolationism.
B.
Lack of support by American public.
C.
Rejection by the American Senate.
D.
All of the above.
57. The harsh conditions of the Treaty of Versailles
imposed on Germany after the war helped lay the
foundation for the
A.
Bolshevik Revolution in Russia.
B.
rise of Fascism in Germany.
C.
fascist uprisings in Italy.
D.
rise of Japan as an imperial power.
58. Who was the Premier of France who rejected the
Fourteen Points and wanted to punish Germany for
World War I?
A.
David Lloyd George.
B.
Georges Clemenceau.
C.
Woodrow Wilson.
D.
Vladimir Lenin.
59. The major impact of the Treaty of Versailles on
Germany was that the treaty led to
a. an era of peace and international good will
in Germany
b. a stable Germany that was both democratic
and strong
c. an increase in Germany’s desire to regain
its power and prestige
d. a leadership position for Germany in the
League of Nations
60. A comparison of two maps indicates that one of
the results of the war and the peace treaty was the
A.
partitioning of Germany into zones of
occupation.
B.
dismemberment of the Austrian-Hungarian
Empire.
C.
shift of the balance of power from Western
to Southern Europe.
D.
new dominant role for Russia in Eastern
Europe.
61. The collapse of the Russian and AustroHungarian empires during World War I contributed
directly to the
a. formation of the European Union.
b. start of the Cold War.
c. development of the Marshall Plan.
d. creation of new nations in Eastern Europe.
62. Which of the following describes the reaction of
the German Kaiser following the assassination of the
Archduke Franz Ferdinand
a. He urged that a European summit be held
to possibly bring about a mediated
compromise
b. He urged Austria to invade Serbia, because
he feared that the crisis could destroy
Austria
c. The Kaiser remained indecisive on what to
do and basically waited while events
unfurled around him
d. The Kaiser immediately sent troops into
Russia to make sure the Russians could not
come to the aid of their Serbian allies
e. The Kaiser urged France and Great Britain
to practice restraint before coming to the
assistance of the Serbs
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AP 26 TEST BANK
63. Which of the following did NOT contribute to the
outbreak of WWI?
a. The Anglo-German rivalry
b. The Alliance System
c. The rise of a unified Germany as an
industrial and military power in Europe
d. German military planning
e. The remilitarization of the Rhineland
64. The celabratory mood at the outset of WWI is
best explained by
a. A fascination with militarism that pervaded
European culture
b. Feelings of fraternity or botherhood that a
war effort brought out in people who lived
in an increasingly fragmented and dived
society
c. A sense of romantic adventurim that cast
war as an alternative to the mundane,
working life of industrial Europe
d. Expectations that the war would be short
e. All of the above
65. The atmosphere of “celebration” that
accompanied the declarations of war in 1914 is
partially explained by
a. Feeling of brotherhood and glory
b. Deep racial hatreds
c. Germany’s strong desire to repudiate the
humiliating conditions of the Versailles
Treaty
d. Deep resentment towards the Continental
System
e. All of the above
66. In the early 20th century, before WWI , what
France most resented about Germany was
a. It build up of a naval force
b. Its seizure of Alsace and Lorraine in 1871
c. The militaristic attitude of William I
d. Competition for colonies in Africa
e. The big increase in Germany’s armed forces
67. After the assassination of Francis Ferdinand in
1914, Serbia agreed to all of Austria’s demands
EXCEPT
a. Ending anti-Hapsburg publications
b. Allowing Austria to enter Serbia to search
out threats
c. Bringing and end to Serbian nationalist
organizations
d. The elimination of certain officials and army
officers
e. Responding within 48 hours
68. Why did Great Britain, France and Russia form
the Triple Entente in 1907?
A.
To protect their colonies from invasion by
other nations.
B.
To develop an economic alliance based on
open markets.
C.
To suppress minority nationalism in their
own countries.
D.
To respond to the increased military power
of Germany.
69. In what ways were the nations of Europe
competing for domination of Europe and the world?
A.
Control of sea lanes for purposes of trade.
B.
Creation of powerful armies to control
continental Europe.
C.
Forcing European states to become
tributaries to dominant European powers.
D.
Imperialism, militarism, nationalism, and
competition for resources.
70. The assassination of ____________ of Austria
and his wife by ____________, a member of the
terrorist group "Black Hand", led to the start of
World War I.
A.
Winston Churchill / Kaiser Wilhelm II
B.
George Clemenceau / Otto von Bismark
C.
Archduke Franz Ferdinand / Gavrillo
Princip
D.
Gavrillo Princip / Kaiser Wilhelm II
71. According to some historians, Europe’s system of
alliances prior to 1914 increased the likelihood that
A.
democratic ideals would spread throughout
the continent.
B.
nations would be protected from economic
exploitation.
C.
colonization of undeveloped nations would
cease.
D.
small disputes would develop into largescale wars.
72. Great Britain’s stated reason for declaring war on
Germany in 1914 was the
a. French attacks on German colonies.
b. U.S. entry into the war.
c. Serbian assassination of Archduke Franz
Ferdinand.
d. German invasion of Belgium.
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AP 26 TEST BANK
73. One major reason for the tension between
France and Germany before World War I was that
a. France had begun to surpass Germnay in
industrial output.
b. Germany wanted to join the Triple Entente
with Great Britain.
c. Germany controlled French access to the
North Sea.
d. France wanted to regain lands previously
seized by Germany.
74. What was the consequence of Russia's
withdrawal from World War I?
A.
It strengthened the Allied position by giving
them more respect.
B.
It strengthened the Central Powers by
allowing Germany to shift forces to the Western
Front.
C.
It helped Central Powers in the Battle of
Gallipoli.
D.
It strengthened the assault of Italy on the
Austrian Empire.
75. How did Russia’s participation in World War I
affect its empire?
A.
A string of decisive military victories gained
land from the Central Powers.
B.
Russia’s sale of supplies to its western allies
strengthened its economy.
C.
The czar adopted the reforms necessary to
win the support of the Russian people.
D.
Economic hardships brought on by the war
resulted in the downfall of the czar.
79. In which of the following ways did the Russian
revolution affect the course of WWI
a. It gave the Allies a new enemy
b. Russia joined the Triple Entente
c. It cause the Germans to launch a new
offensive in the east
d. It caused the Germans to launch a new
offensive in the East
e. None of the above
80. As a result of the Russian “Revolution” of 1905,
a. Nicholas II instituted the Duma
b. The Bolsheviks gained political power
c. A number of political prisoners were
released
d. The kulaks received more land
e. The soviets gained strength
82. The figure most responsible of Russia’s
industrialization was
a. Gregory Plakhanov
b. P.A. stolypin
c. Sergei Witte
d. Grigory Rasputin
e. Vladamir Lenin
83. Which country’s government most aggressively
and thoroughly restricted the freedom of Jews
during the second half of the 19th century
a. France
b. Germany
c. Austria-Hungary
d. Italy
e. Russia
90. All of the following were late 19th century
Russian authors EXCEPT
Tolstoy
Dostoevsky
Pasternak
Turgenev
Chekhov
95. The immediate cause of the 1905 Russian
Revolution was social strain resulting from
(A) the agitation of the Russian Social Democratic
party
(B) the mass emigration of skilled workers to the
New World
(C) attempts by the government to reform the
Russian Orthodox church
(D) the demands of ethnic groups for political
autonomy
(E) Russian losses in the Russo-Japanese War
96. Which of the following factors most stimulated
the entrance of large numbers of women into the
labor force in many European countries during the
First World War?
(A) The decline in the average size of families
(B) The increase in divorce rates
(C) Woman suffrage
(D) The spread of Wilsonian principles
(E) The shortage in the labor supply
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AP 26 TEST BANK
100. As a result of the 1905 Revolution, Tsar Nicholas
II of Russia agreed to:
(A) withdraw from the Russo-Japanese War
(B) break up the system of communal landholding
and farming
(C) abdicate in favor of his son
(D) create a national legislative assembly
(E) assist the Pan-Slavic movement in the Balkans
102. Which of the following resulted from the
Russian Revolution of 1905?
a. Emancipation of the serfs
b. Legalization of the Bolshevik party
c. Universal suffrage
d. A free press
e. The creation of the Duma
111. All of the following were results of Russia’s
dramatic industrialization on the 1890s EXCEPT
a. The doubling of its railroad mileage
b. Vastly increased exports
c. The growth of the proletariat
d. The growth of the commercial middle class
e. Private ownership of all industry
112. Which is the best characterization of Lenin’s
program at the Russian Marxist Party Conference in
Brussels and London, 1903
a. Democratic socialism open to all new
members
b. Professional revolutionaries with a small,
elite leadership
c. Rank and file participation in policy
formulation
d. Party division along the lines of
autonomous national groups
e. Party cooperation with liberal and socialist
parties
113. All are results of the Russo-Japanese War
(1904-1905) EXCEPT
a. Russian forces were decisively defeated
b. Japan was given some of the Sakhalin
islands
c. Russia was forced to pay Japan indemnity
d. Japan got Russia’s railway concessions in
Manchuria
e. Japan’s Korean protectorate was recognized
114. Which is the most valid statement regarding the
October Manifesto ussued by Tsar Nicholas II in
1905?
a. It precipitated a general strike that
paralyzed the economy
b. It brought about significant constitutional
reform of the government
c. It created the Duma(national legislature), to
which the tsar’s ministers were directly
responsible
d. It was an expedient and temporary
promise of reform in response to civil
unrest
e. It imposed martial law and suppressed
antigovernment political activities
115. The Russian people’s support for the Russian
participation in WWI changed drastically
a. When Rasputin took virtual control of the
government
b. After the Battles of Masurian Lakes and
Tannenberg
c. Because the Duma was reconvened in 1916
d. When the Germans and Austrians went on
the offensive in 1915
e. After the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917
117. Within a year of the October Revolution, the
Bolsheviks had accomplished all of these EXCEPT
a. The abolition of the provisional government
b. The establishment of the Council of
Commissars to rule Russia
c. The election of the National Constituent
Assembly to frame a new government
d. The nationalization of large industries
e. The confiscation of Russian Orthodox
Church lands
128. Which of the following advocated an
evolutionary, as opposed to a revolutionary, theory
of Marxism?
a. Eduard Bernstein
b. V.I. Lenin
c. Rosa Luxemburg
d. Joseph Stalin
e. Leon Trotsky
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AP 26 TEST BANK
129. Of the following, which of Wilson’s Fourteen
Points was fully implanted?
(A) “Adequate guarantees given and taken that
national armaments will be reduced to the lowest
point consistent with domestic safety.”
(B) “Open covenants of peace, openly arrived at . . .
.”
(C) “A free, open-minded, and absolutely impartial
adjustment of all colonial claims.”
(D) “All French territory should be freed and the
invaded portions restored, and the wrong done
to France by Prussia in 1871 in the matter
of Alsace-Lorraine . . . should be righted . . .”
(E) “A readjustment of the frontiers of Italy should
be effected along clearly recognizable lines of
nationality.”
130. The League of Nations differed from the
United Nations in that the League
(A) could send troops to any area to stop a war or
enforce economic sanctions
(B) was not concerned with the improvement of
world health standards
(C) did not have as members several of the world’s
most important industrialized nations
(D) had a larger treasury from which to make grants
for food and technological
assistance
(E) had authority to enforce decisions made by the
World Court
131. Which of the following best describes a League
of Nations “mandate”?
(A) A colonial territory assigned to a member
nation to be administered for the League
(B) A League action requiring parties in a dispute to
observe a “cooling-off period”
(C) A call on member nations to take action against
an aggressor
(D) An appointment of a member nation to the
Council of the League of Nations
(E) A report of a finding by the League that an act of
aggression has been committed
132. Which of the following provisions affecting
Germany in the Versailles Treaty (1919) was
LEAST important in fostering antagonisms
that led to the Second World War?
(A) The loss of Germany’s Pacific island possessions
(B) The creation of the Polish Corridor and the
establishment of Danzig as a self-governing city
within the Polish tariff area
(C) The payment by Germany of reparations for war
damages
(D) The limitation of the German army to 100,000
members
(E) The assignment of sole responsibility for
planning and instigating the war to Germany
134. Most historians would agree with which of the
following descriptions of the Treaty of
Versailles of 1919?
(A) A treaty that spelled out the Soviet Union’s
reparation obligations
(B) A triumph of farsighted political and economic
planning
(C) A treaty that dismantled the British Empire
(D) A destructive peace dictated by the United
States
(E) A treaty that the defeated thought too harsh
and the victors thought too lenient
135. All of the following were among President
Wilson’s Fourteen Points EXCEPT
(A) an independent Poland
(B) absolute freedom of navigation
(C) the limitation of armaments
(D) the autonomous development of the peoples of
Austria-Hungary
(E) the autonomous development of the peoples of
the Russian Empire
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AP 26 TEST BANK
135. ‘The Allied and Associated Governments affirm,
and Germany accepts, the responsibility of Germany
and her allies for causing all the loss and
damage…..as a consequence of the War.”
—Treaty of Versailles, 1919
Which of the following best states one purpose of
the treaty clause above?
(A)
To give the League of Nations the power to
impose economic and military sanctions
(B)
To provide a basis for international disarmament talks
(C)
To encourage independence for European
colonies
(D)
To include Germany in the peace
negotiations
(E)
To justify large reparations payments from
Germany
136. France regained which of the following as part
of the peace settlement after the First World War?
(A) Alsace-Lorraine
(B) Burgundy
(C) Flanders
(D) The Rhineland
(E) The Ruhr
137. After the First World War, it was difficult to
write a peace treaty according to Woodrow Wilson's
Fourteen Points primarily because:
(A) the Great Depression caused the Allies to insist
on reparations
(B) the Allies had secret treaties that conflicted
with the Fourteen Points
(C) Germany would not accept the Fourteen
Points\
(D) Wilson had disavowed the Fourteen Points after
Germany resumed unrestricted submarine warfare
(E) Wilson and his Fourteen Points were largely
unknown in Europe
138. Which of the following empires did NOT
collapse as a result of WWI?
The Russian
The British
The German
The Austro-Hungarian
The Ottoman Turk
139. During WWI, mobilization for war and planned
economies helped set the stage for which of the
following?
Post-war democratic gains
An increase in wartime strikes by unions
The entrance of women into the workplace after the
war
Totalitarianism
The establishment of laissez faire economies in
Europe
140. What is the best characterization of the Treaty
of Versailles that ended WWI?
It the League of Nations, it established an effective
deterrent to future wars
It rejected the principle of national selfdetermination
It sowed the seeds for the growth of Nazism
It served as a foundation for the post-war alliance
between Britain and France
It ended European imperialism
141. Which was not considered a long-term cause of
World War I?
The assassination of the Austrian Archduke
A system of rival military alliances
Nationalism
A naval arms race between Germany and Britain
Competition for colonies and markets
142. European though in the early 20th century was
LEAST influenced by which of the following?
The concept of existentialism proffered by Nietzsche
The Darwinist concept of evolution
The Enlightenment works of Voltaire and
Montesquieu
Wittgenstein’s ideas of logical positivism
The uncertainty principle of Heisenberg
The British economist John Maynard Keynes
proposed that governments deal with the Great
Depression by
a. Increasing their expenditures and running
temporary deficits
b. Decreasing their expenditures
c. Tightening the supply of money
d. Raising tariffs on imported goods
e. Going to war
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AP 26 TEST BANK
The influential theory of the 20th century British
economist John Maynard Keynes was that
a. Harsh war reparations are a mistake that
backfires later
b. International free trade should prevail
c. Immigration should be regulated
d. Governments should stimulate the
economy and create jobs in difficult
economic times
e. Welfare states are necessary
The deficit spending theories of this economist were
employed by governments attempting to boost GNP
during the Great Depression
a. Gustav Stresemann
b. John Maynard Keynes
c. Charles C. Dawes
d. Bertrand Russell
e. Aristide Briand
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