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Practice Exam 1
1. The first step in the scientific method is to
A. make an observation.
C. design an experiment.
B. formulate an hypothesis.
D. publish your idea.
2. A scientific theory can best be described as a(n)
A. initial speculation on the cause of a phenomenon.
B. tentative explanation for the cause of some observation.
C. well-tested description of processes and mechanisms for some phenomenon.
D. none of the above.
3. The person that developed the idea of multiple creation sites and times was
A. Cuvier.
B. Lamark.
C. Buffon.
D. Linnaeus.
4. The person that favored the idea of uniformitarianism was
A. Cuvier.
C. Buffon.
B. Lamark.
D. Lyell.
5. (4) Define the phrase “natural selection and descent with modification”, and identify the
person who proposed this idea?
6. A homeostatic mechanism that follows a negative loop would ? the original stimulus.
A. decrease or increase
B. just increase
C. only maintain
D. not change
7. (4) Cite four characteristics used to classify something as an animal?
8. (3) Explain two ways in which the fossil record is examined to support descent with
modification?
Biology& 212
Mr. Brumbaugh
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Practice Exam 1
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9. Analogous structures have
A. an outward similarity, but differ inwardly, like a wing.
B. a common structure, but different function, like forelimbs.
C. no apparent purpose in the organism, like pelvic bones.
D. a truly novel design, like an eye
10. Evidence of evolution occurring today comes from examples like
A. the cloning of Dolly.
B. the peppered moth of England.
C. artificial selection.
D. both B and C.
11. An alternative form of a gene is a(n)
A. phenotype.
C. chromosome.
B. morphotype.
D. allele.
12. An organism that carries two different variants of a gene is a/an
A. homozygote.
C. polyzygote.
B. mutation.
D. heterozygote.
13. A large group of interbreeding individuals living in the same area is a
A. species.
B. population.
C. taxa.
D. genus.
14. Mendel’s principles predicts that gene frequency in a population should
A. continuously change.
B. decrease.
C. stay relatively stable.
D. increase.
15. (3) Cite three conditions for the Hardy-Weinberg Principle to hold true for gene frequency in
a population?
16. Changes in a population due to immigration is called
A. gene flow.
C. genetic drift.
B. chance encounters.
D. gene pool alteration.
17. (3) Explain how a founder effect changes a populations gene pool?
Biology& 212
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Practice Exam 1
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18. The ultimate source of genetic variation is
A. gene flow.
C. mutation.
B. genetic drift.
D. natural selection.
19. Assortative mating would ? the frequency of genes in a gene pool.
A. increase
C. decrease
B. disrupt
D. randomize
20. (4) Which natural selection trend would occur during environmental change? Why?
21. (2) Cite and describe two reasons that could place a population at risk for extinction?
22. Speciation caused by a edge effect event is called ? speciation.
A. parapatric
C. allopatric
B. sympatric
D. lucky-o-patric
23. (4) Describe how a temporal and a mechanical pre-zygotic mechanism may operate to
prevent speciation?
24. The fossil record favors a ? mode of evolution.
A. gradual
C. mosaic
B. punctuated
D. pie-ala-
25. Life on earth first appeared approximately ? years ago.
A.200,000
C. 65.5 million
B. 15.3 billion
D. 3.5 billion
Biology& 212
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Practice Exam 1
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26. (4) Explain how the shifting of the continents at different times throughout time effected
the diversity of organisms on earth?
27. (4) Explain the principle behind radioisotope and racemization in dating the fossil record?
28. The “pre-life” atmosphere consisted mainly of N2, NH3, H2, H2O, and
A. CO2.
B. O2.
C. ozone (O3).
D. only A and B.
29. (3) Explain how a phylogenetic tree differs from a cladistic analysis of specie relationships?
30. (4) Describe the structure and function of an epithelial tissue?
31. (2) Describe how an ectotherm can regulate temperature by blood flow?
Biology& 212
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32. The embryonic layer that will eventually form the muscles of the adult is the
A. musclederm.
B. mesoderm.
C. endoderm.
D. ectoderm.
33. Electrical is too nervous, as ? is too endocrine
A. chemical
C. phospholipid
B. signal
D. gland
34. (2) Cite the animal body systems designed to move substances through the body?
35. (2) Cite the animal body systems designed to move the entire animal body?
36. (2) Cite the animal body systems designed to protect the body from unwanted entry?
37. (2) Cite two examples of respiration strategies seen in animals?
38. (2) Classify a chordate animal as per body cavity type and symmetry?
39. (2) What would you tell someone if they accused you of being a deuterostomic ecdyzoan?
40. (10) Match the statements in column B with the phyla in column A.
Porifera
Cnidaria
Platyhelminthes
Nemertea
Mollusca
Annelida
Nematoda
Arthropoda
Echinodermata
Mammalia
Biology& 212
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A. Segmented body with a true coelom, earthworms and leeches
B. Highly successful, “chewing” mouth parts, some fly
C. Furry, live births, mammary glands, and feed young
D. No true tissues and sessile adults
E. Round worms covered with a cuticle and some reeeealy like us
F. Slow moving water living radial, kind of a throw back
G. Flat worm with complete simple nervous and digestive systems
H. Both medusan and polyp stages in a radial life style
I. The first closed circulatory system and they have a proboscis
J. All of us have (can put) a foot and (on a) mantle
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Practice Exam 1
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