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APWH Chapter 5 Study Guide Helpful Vocabulary Terms 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. Republic Senate patron/client relationship Principate Augustus equites pax romana Romanization Jesus Paul aqueduct third-century crisis Constantine Qin Shi Huangdi Han Xiongnu Gaozu Sima Qian Chang'an gentry Major Concept-Based Questions 1. Examine and discuss the methods used to create a unified empire in China and in Rome. Are Romanization and Legalism comparable methods? 2. Explain the reasons for the expansion of the Roman Empire. 3. Discuss the career of Paul of Tarsus. Did his activities benefit from the pax romana? Does this benefit support the theory that Rome was a "commonwealth of peoples"? 4. Explain the expansion of Christianity at the same time that Rome was in decline. Are these factors related? 5. Describe the problems that led to the Roman Empire's "third-century crisis." 6. Discuss the unification of China under the Qin dynasty. What policies did the first emperor, Shi Huangdi, establish to create a unified Chinese civilization? 7. Describe the rise of the Han dynasty in China. 8. What was the basis of the Chinese social order under the Han dynasty? Describe the lives of the Chinese people during this period, paying particular attention to women's roles. 9. What role did technology play in the success and spread of the Han dynasty? Map-Based Items 1. Refer to Map 6.1 and show the major regions, cities, and trading centers of the Roman Empire. Include the various peoples incorporated into the empire. What natural features constituted the boundaries of the Roman Empire? 2. Refer to Map 6.1 and explain how Constantine's shift of the capital to Byzantium predicted the downfall of the western Roman Empire. Trace the empire's gradual loss of territories beginning with the first century C.E. 3. Refer to Map 6.1 and explain how the Romans managed to rule an empire of this size. Discuss the following concepts: pax romana, Romanization. 4. Refer to Map 6.1 and explain why Augustus left instructions not to expand the Roman Empire further. 5. Refer to Map 6.2 and explain why Chinese expansion did not extend into India or Southeast Asia. Are there geographic reasons why it extended to the west more than to the north? 6. Refer to Map 6.2 and show the major cities and trade routes during the Han dynasty. What is the importance of the networks of rivers and canals? What is the Silk Road? Is there a connection between the location of the Silk Road and the location of the Great Wall? 7. Refer to Map 6.2 and trace the boundaries of the Great Wall. Near the center, south of the Gobi Desert, there is an apparent "doubling back." Explain this in relation to the local nomads and the political developments of the time. 8. Using Maps 6.1 and 6.2 compare the geography of the Roman Empire and Han China. Compare the length of time taken to build the respective empires, and trace the major cities or urban areas that made the maintenance of the empires so crucial. How did overexpansion play a role in the political downfall of these empires?