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Problemset
Title
Introductory
Text
Self-Study Quiz
Question 1
Pollutants crossing national boundaries impose external costs because
________________.
Hint:
Chapter 16, Introduction
Type:
Multiple Choice
By Elizabeth Wheaton
Feedback for Look at the problems with controlling cross-national
all
boundary pollutants.
incorrect
answers:
Answer
Graded
As
Feedback
only pollution emitters bear the cost of Incorrect Who else bears the
the pollution
cost of pollution?
Question 2
Type:
Multiple Choice
only third parties on the other side of
the national boundary bear the cost of
the pollution
Incorrect Who else bears the
cost of pollution?
many parties on both sides of a
national border bear the cost of the
pollution
Correct
only third parties in the countries
where the pollution is being emitted
bear the cost of pollution
Incorrect Who else bears the
cost of pollution?
Correct!
Which of the following is correct when dealing with cross-boundary
pollution?
Hint:
Chapter 16, Introduction
Feedback for Look at the problems of controlling cross-boundary
all
pollution.
incorrect
answers:
Answer
Graded
As
Feedback
Proper incentives are in place for
emitters and political jurisdictions to
control cross-boundary pollution.
Incorrect Look again at the
problems of crossboundary
pollution.
The relationships between the problems Incorrect Look again at the
of cross-boundary pollution and the
problems of crosseffectiveness of strategies to eliminate
boundary
the problems are clear.
pollution.
Political jurisdictions, lack of proper
Correct
Correct!
incentives, and scientific uncertainty all
add to the complexity of solving the
problem of cross-boundary pollution.
Decisions about most efficient ways to Incorrect Look again at the
deal with cross-boundary pollution can
problems of crossbe delayed until the future.
boundary
pollution.
Question 3
Why are chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) almost totally banned by the U.S.
EPA?
Type:
Hint:
Chapter 16, The Precedent: Reducing Ozone-Depleting
Multiple Choice
Gases
Feedback for Look at the definition of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs).
all
incorrect
answers:
Answer
Graded
As
Feedback
CFCs create pollution in the
stratosphere.
Incorrect Look again at the
description of CFCs.
CFCs cause nonmelanoma skin Incorrect CFCs can indirectly
cancer in persons who come into
promote nonmelanoma
direct contact with them.
skin cancer.
CFCs are gases that deplete the
stratospheric ozone shield.
Correct
Correct!
Many people are allergic to
CFCs.
Incorrect Look again at the
description of CFCs.
Question 4
Regarding the current and likely impact of rising temperatures, rising
sea levels, and more intense storms from global pollution, the
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change found that
Type:
Multiple Choice ______________________.
Hint:
Chapter 16, The Science of Climate Change
Feedback for Look at the evidence presented by the
all
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
incorrect
answers:
Answer
Graded
As
Feedback
coastal populations will be
exposed to more flooding
and erosion
Correct
Correct!
current physical and
Incorrect Physical and biological
biological systems have been
systems have already been
unaffected by climate change
affected.
all natural systems that are
Incorrect Some natural systems will be
vulnerable to climate change
irreversibly damaged.
will be irreversibly damaged
developed countries are
expected to experience the
most severe effects of
climate
Incorrect Developing countries have
fewer resources to commit to
adapting to climate change.
Question 5
Free-rider problems affect actions to moderate global climate change in
all of the following ways EXCEPT __________________.
Type:
Hint:
Chapter 16, Negotiations over Climate Change Policy:
Multiple Choice
Game Theory as a Window on Climate Negotiations
Feedback for What is a free rider and how does a free rider affect a
all
public action?
incorrect
answers:
Answer
Graded
As
Feedback
they cause emissions to be
abnormally high
Incorrect This is an effect of a
free-rider action.
they increase the cost the of climate
change
Correct
they inhibit investment in research
and development
Incorrect This is an effect of a
free-rider action.
they inhibit the participation of
nations in the climate-change
agreements
Incorrect This is an effect of a
free-rider action.
Correct!
Question 6
Which of the following was NOT a problem encountered in
negotiations over climate-change policy options?
Type:
Hint:
Chapter 16, Negotiations over Climate-Change Policy
Multiple Choice
Options
Feedback for Look at the information on negotiations over climateall
change policy options.
incorrect
answers:
Answer
Graded
As
Feedback
Some countries, including the Incorrect This was a problem
U.S., were reluctant to go
encountered in negotiations
along with emission charges.
over climate-change policy
options.
Concerns over the magnitude Incorrect This was a problem
and distribution of revenue
from emission charges.
encountered in negotiations
over climate-change policy
options.
Governments didn't want the
responsibility of collecting
the tax revenue.
Correct
Correct!
Firms were concerned with
the financial burden of
harmonized national taxes.
Incorrect This was a problem
encountered in negotiations
over climate-change policy
options.
Question 7
The Kyoto Protocol authorized three cooperative implementation
mechanisms. Which of the following was NOT one of the three
authorized?
Type:
Multiple Choice Hint:
Chapter 16, Negotiations over Climate Change Policy:
Game Theory as a Window on Climate Negotiations
Feedback for Look at information on the Kyoto Protocol.
all
incorrect
answers:
Answer
Graded
As
Feedback
Mitigation
Correct
Correct!
Emissions trading
Incorrect This is one of the mechanisms
used by the Kyoto Protocol.
Clean Development
Mechanism
Incorrect This is one of the mechanisms
used by the Kyoto Protocol.
Joint implementation
Incorrect This is one of the mechanisms
used by the Kyoto Protocol.
Question 8
Which of the following is a reason(s) that benefit-cost studies for
controlling climate change typically suggest a “go slow” or “wait-andsee” policy?
Type:
Multiple Choice Hint:
Chapter 16, Policy Timing
Feedback for Look at the discussion on policy timing.
all
incorrect
answers:
Answer
Graded
As
Feedback
Both energy-using and energyproducing capital are long-lived.
Incorrect What other reason
exists for this policy
recommendation?
The benefits from current control
Incorrect What other reason
are experienced well into the
future, while the costs occur now.
None of these are correct.
exists for this policy
recommendation?
Incorrect Look again at the
description of policy
timing.
It is true that energy-using and
Correct
energy-producing capital are both
long-lived and the benefits from
current control are experienced
well into the future, while the costs
occur now.
Correct!
Question 9
Which of the following are concerns relating to greenhouse gas
emission trading?
Type:
Hint:
Chapter 16, Providing Context: A Brief Look at Three
Multiple Choice
Illustrative Carbon Pricing Programs, Cost Savings
Feedback for Look at the information on emissions trading and
all
controversies.
incorrect
answers:
Answer
Graded
As
Feedback
Many countries do not Incorrect Caring about greenhouse gas
care about greenhouse
emissions is not the problem, but
gas emissions.
rather being willing to do
something about them.
Monitoring and
Correct
enforcing international
agreements is difficult.
Correct!
Monitoring and
enforcing domestic
laws and regulations.
Incorrect These laws and regulations are the
responsibility of individual
nations.
The presence of
surplus allowances
raises prices.
Incorrect Surpluses lead to lower prices.
Question 10
Which branch of economics has been used to study what mechanisms
can be used to encourage participation despite the fact that there is a
free-rider problem when dealing with climate change issues?
Type:
Multiple Choice Hint:
Chapter 16, Negotiations over Climate Change Policy:
Characterizing the Broad Strategies
Feedback for Look at information on creating incentives for
all
participating in climate-change agreements.
incorrect
answers:
Answer
Graded
As
Feedback
Labor
economics
Incorrect Labor economics looks primarily at labor
markets and labor-related issues.
Environmental
economics
Incorrect Look back at the definition of
Environmental Economics in your
textbook.
Game theory
Correct
International
economics
Incorrect International economics looks primarily
at the product and services markets
between different nations and the issues
surrounding those markets.
Correct!