Download 9 th GRADE FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE HEALTH AND

9th GRADE FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE
HEALTH AND WELLNESS
1. HEALTH TRIANGLE (3 ASPECTS OF HEALTH)
Physical – how well your body functions (Sleep, nutrition, exercise, etc.)
Mental -is your feelings and thoughts (self–esteem, coping with problems, demands of
your daily life)
Social - getting along with others (seeking and lending support when needed,
communicating clearly, listening, showing respect/care for yourself and others
2. SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT- is made up of all the people around you, including your
family and peers (safe parks, clean water and nutritious food are all components)
3. LIFE EXPECTANCY- how long a person is expected to live based on their lifestyle,
a person who has more money can get better healthcare than a person who does not
have as much money
4. SELF ESTEEM - confidence and worth you feel about yourself
5. FRIENDSHIP - a significant relationship between two people based on caring,
respect, consideration and trust
6. PREVENTION – taking steps to keep something from happening or getting worse.
MENTAL HEALTH
7. MENTAL/EMOTIONAL HEALTH - the ability to accept ones self and others,
express and manage emotions, and deal with the demands and challenges you meet in
your life
8. TRAUMA- (PTSD)- stems from personal tragedy, a natural disaster or other
overwhelming life experience. It can shatter sense of security; feel vulnerable,
helpless and even numb. (War, shootings, natural disasters, rape)
9. DEPRESSION - when emptiness and despair take hold and won’t go away difficult
to function and enjoy life
10. OCD - obsessive-compulsive disorder is an anxiety disorder characterized by
uncontrollable, unwanted thoughts and behaviors you feel compelled to perform
11. PSYCHIATRIST - a medical doctor who treats mental and emotional disorders
12. PSYCHOLOGIST - a mental health professional that provides one on one therapy
by talking to a patient
13. SCHIZOPHRENIA - may see or hear things that don’t exist – hallucinations. False
beliefs – delusions. Confused thoughts and feel like others are watching them.
14. SOCIAL WORKER - a person who provides the link between the medical center
and client and family
15. PASSIVE COMMUNICATION - being unwilling or unable to express thoughts or
feelings. Putting other’s needs ahead of your own
16. COMPULSION – repeated behaviors
17. PHOBIA - an irrational fear of something
18. GROUP THERAPY - people with similar problems who discuss those problems
and solutions
19. PSYCHOTHERAPY – an ongoing dialogue between a patient and a mental health
professional.
20. OBSESSION - persistent thoughts
21. COGNITIVE THERAPY – a treatment method designed to identify and correct
distorted thinking patterns that may be troublesome, self-defeating, or selfdestructive.
HEART
22. VENTRICLE - the lower pumping chambers of the heart
23. VALVES - flaps in the heart or on one-way valves that open/close and let blood
into the chambers of the heart
24. CAPILLARIES - the smallest blood vessels closest to the surface of the skin, they
connect the arteries and veins, where the exchange of O2 and CO2 takes place.
25. PULMONARY CIRCULATION – relating to the lungs – it is the circulation of blood
from the heart to the lungs and back again
26. HEMOGLOBIN - the pigment in red blood cells that gives blood its red color
27. AORTA - the largest artery of the body
28. HEMOPHILIA - a blood disorder of your body’s platelets, blood does not clot
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
29. WHAT ARE SOME CVD RISK FACTORS - factors associated with ill health,
disease or death, examples include: smoking, alcohol, poor diet high in fats, physical
inactivity, weight, diabetes and high blood pressure
30. ATHEROSCLEROSIS - is the hardening of the arteries from plaque build up inside
the arteries
31. PANIC ATTACKS - can resemble a heart attack=chest pain, shortness of breath,
sweating caused by severe anxiety
32. HYPERTENSION - high blood pressure (120/80 normal reading for blood
pressure)
33. ANGIOPLASTY - tube with balloon inserted into blocked artery, balloon inflated
against artery walls, then deflated and removed – treatment for atherosclerosis
34. STROKE- results from a weakened blood vessel that ruptures and bleeds into the
surrounding brain or a thrombosis
35. CONGENITAL- conditions that are present at birth, can be inherited or caused by
environmental factors
36. THROMBOSIS-blood clot or clots in a blood vessel
37. EKG- (Electrocardiogram) this measures and records the electrical current of the
heart
38. CARDIOLOGIST- a doctor who treats heart disease
39. LEUKEMIA – a cancer of the white blood cells and are produced excessively and
abnormally.
40. ARRYTHMIA – Another term for irregular heartbeats.
41. HEART ATTACK – occurs due to insufficient blood supply to the heart.
42. RESTING HEART RATE – the number of times your heart beats per minute when
you are not active (60-80)
43. ANGINIA PECTORIS – Chest pain that results when the heart does not get enough
oxygen.
ALCOHOL
44. METABOLISM OF ALCOHOL – the liver breaks down the amount of alcohol in
the body.
45. BLACKOUTS - a period of time the drinker cannot remember.
46. TOLERANCE- when your body gets use to a medication or substance and you no
longer get the same affect, so you have to increase amount to get same effect.
47. ADDICTION- being physically dependent on a substance because you can’t stop
and there are withdrawal symptoms when you abstain from it.
48. WITHDRAWAL-distress and cravings that occur after use of some addictive
drugs when reduced or stopped.
49. DEPRESSENTS - slows down the CNS – drowsiness, relaxation, and decreases
inhibitions.
50. BINGE DRINKING- heavy period of drinking with the
primary intention of becoming intoxicated over a short
period of time (5 or more drinks.)
51. ALCOHOLISM- alcohol dependence, a strong need or compulsion to drinksymptoms include drinking alone and often, preoccupied with alcohol, black outs and
denial
52. BAC- Blood Alcohol Concentration -the amount of alcohol in a person’s blood (.08
= DWI)
53. CIRRHOSIS- a severe disease of the liver caused by alcohol abuse.
54. SOBRIETY – living without alcohol.
55. CO-DEPENDENCY – often, people close to alcoholics develop mentally unhealthy
behaviors.
56. ALCOHOL POISONING –a severe and potentially fatal physical reaction to an
alcohol overdose.
57. INTOXICATION – the state in which the body is poisoned by alcohol, the person’s
physical and mental control is significantly reduced.
SCHOOL CONNECT
58. INTIMACY – close attachment between two people that develops over time.
59. ACTIVE LISTENING –paying close attention to what someone is saying and
communicating.
60. MARGINALIZE – being discounted or ignored because of being different.
61. ABSTINENCE – the deliberate decision to avoid highrisk behaviors, including alcohol, drugs and tobacco.
62. RISK BEHAVIOR – actions that can potentially threaten
your health or the health of others.
63. BULLYING – deliberately harming or threatening
another person who cannot easily defend ones self.
64. EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE - It refers to identifying,
understanding, and managing our feelings and using the
skills in relating to others.
65. EMPATHY – the ability to imagine and understand how
someone else feels.
66. PREJUDICE – an unfair opinion or judgment of a
particular group of people.
67. PARAPHASE - expressing in your own words what someone said to clarify.
68. DIVERSITY – differences in regard to people of various races, cultures,
orientation, age, ability, gender or class.
69. SOCIAL RADAR - The ability to ‘read’ others
expressions, body language and tone of voice to gain a
deeper understanding of actual situations.
70. RED FLAG - a warning of danger or a problem.
SHORT ANSWER
A. DESCRIBE 5 TYPES OF TREATMENT THERAPIES FOR MENTAL ILLNESS
1. Psychotherapy – communication between patient and health professional.
2. Behavior therapy – focus on changing behavior through rewards and
reinforcements.
3. Cognitive therapy – identify and correct distorted thinking
4. Group therapy – treating a group of people who have similar problems with
meetings.
5. Drug therapy - medications
B. EXPLAIN 4 WAYS YOU CAN PREVENT CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE.
1. Healthy diet
2. Exercise aerobically
3. Lower salt intake
4. See your doctor yearly
C. WHAT DOES “SAFE” FROM THE SAFE DATES CURRICULUM MEAN AND WHEN
WOULD YOU USE IT?
S - Stay Calm
A - Ask questions
F - Find out Feelings
E - Exchange ideas for a possible solution
**A process used to communicate effectively with an abuser
D. HOW CAN YOU TELL WHAT AN EMOTIONALLY ABUSIVE RELATIONSHIP
LOOKS LIKE?
When a dating partner is suffering from psychological rather than physical abuse.
E. WHAT ARE SOME EXAMPLES OF PHYSICAL ABUSE A PARTNER MIGHT
DISPLAY?
1. Hitting
2. Biting
3. Spitting
4. Rape
F. HOW CAN YOU HELP SOMEONE IN AN ABUSIVE RELATIONSHIP?
1. Talk to them and support them – explain they don’t deserve to be treated this
way
2. Tell a trusted adult or professional
3. Look on-line for help sites