Download Population - McEachern High School

Population
Unit 2
Copeland APHG
Population Geography
• Elements of Population Geography (focuses on spatial
aspects of demography)
• Demography (study of population)
• Population Distribution
• Population Density
• Arithmetic Population Density
• Physiological Density
• Rate of Natural Increase (the excess of births of deaths –
omitting migration)
• Growth Rate (Natural increase + Net Migration)
Why Study Population?
• As the proportion of older people in a country increases, the
proportion of younger people decreases.
• Why is this a problem?
fewer young workers paying for more pensions and
medical expenses for older population, therefore less
pension and medical benefits to go around.
Where are all the children?
• Travel to Europe, Japan or Canada and you will notice there
are very few kids to be found.
• What causes this phenomena?
– Women in wealthier countries are having fewer children. Why?
– In many of these locations, the Total Fertility Rate (TFR) has dropped
below 2.1. In order to keep a population stable over time, the women
in a country must have a TFR of 2.1 or higher.
– The Total Fertility Rate reports the average number of children born
to a woman of child-bearing age.
– The TFR highs and lows…Italy=0.8
Kenya=8.1 *highest ever
Population Terms
• Demography - the study of population
characteristics
• Overpopulation- when the available
resources cannot support the
number of people
• Density - How many? The total
number of people
Demography
• The study of human populations, particularly
the size, distribution, and characteristics of
members of population groups.
Distribution and Density
Population Growth
•
•
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•
•
•
•
0 AD
1803 AD
1903 AD
1950 AD
1987 AD
1998 AD
2011 AD
250 Million People
1 Billion People
1.6 Billion People
3.0 Billion People
5.0 Billion People
6.0 Billion People
7.0 Billion People
The
World and the Top 10
7,289, 539, 166
• World
TODAY 1/21/15 7:07AM
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
China
India
United States
Indonesia
Brazil
Pakistan
Nigeria
Bangladesh
Russia
Japan
1,369,811,000
1,267,402,000
319 million
252 million
202 million
185 million
178 million
158 million
141 million
126 million
– Next…Mexico
123 million
•
Philippines, Ethiopia
Population Distribution –
Descriptions of locations on the Earth’s surface where individuals or groups
(depending on the scale) live.
Dot Map of World Population –
On this map, one dot represents 100,000 people
Countries are displayed by size of population rather than land area. Countries named
have at least 50 million people.
World Population Clusters
• Two-thirds of the world’s population are
concentrated in four regions:
1. East Asia (East China, Japan, S. Korea, Taiwan)
- ¼ of world population here
2. South Asia (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh)
- bound by the Himalayas and a desert in
Pakistan
3. Europe
- population is concentrated in cities
4. North America
- megalopolis
Ecumene=inhabited earth
• The portion of the Earth’s surface occupied
by permanent human settlement
• Increased over time
• ¾ of world population lives on only 5% of the
Earth’s surface
Population Distribution
• Densely populated regions
– Low lands
– Fertile soil
– Temperate climate
• Sparsely Populated Regions
– dry lands
– wet lands
– high lands
– cold lands