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2.8.2 Electricity + Magnetism Electric Current + Magnetism- are related Moving charged + magnetic fields An electrical current creates a magnetic field Grater the current – grater the magnetic field Electromagnets- a temporary magnet made by wrapping a wire coil carrying an electric current around and iron core Figure 9 B Solenoid- single wire wrapped into a cylindrical wire coil Solenoid wrapped around iron core makes electromagnet Properties of electromagnets- temporary because magnetism us only present when current flows More turns in wire = stronger strength One end is south pole + one end is north pole Magnetic properties can be controlled by changing current Stereo speakers, electric motors (Read section pg. 233) Using electromagnets to make sound Electromagnet is connected to speaker core Electromagnet changes electric energy to mechanical energy, which vibrates the speaker core to produce sound CD produces varying voltage according to music Varying voltage produces varying current connected to core Varying current causes electromagnet to change, which is surrounded by permanent magnet Permanent magnet vibrates because charging magnetic field which is connected to the core (Read pg. 234) Making an electromagnet rotate A solenoid wrapped around a iron cylinder with an electric current moving through rotates when between a north and south pole Rotates until the solenoid with the current going through is stable and attracted to the opposite poles Changing the current to make the solenoid rotate Galucnometers- devices that use and electromagnet to measure electric current Gauges is your car (Figure 12) Using Glaucnometers Used in cars in gasoline gauge The current changes in the solenoid depending on the sensor in the gas tank Preset for full or empty Electric motors- a device that changes electrical energy into mechanical energy (Figure 13) What ate some things in your house that use and electrical motor? Simple electric motor main parts are wire coil, permanent magnet, and source of electric current Forms closed electric circuit with commentator and brushes Making the motor spin- the electric current is sent through wire which creates electromagnet. The electromagnet spins and then the brushes disconnect from commentator. The inertia of the coil keeps is spinning. Commentator reverse flow of electric current, which cause coil to be repelling. The rotation continues until the magnets are at opposite poles. The current reverses and process is started again.