Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Electronic engineering wikipedia , lookup
Resilient control systems wikipedia , lookup
Embedded system wikipedia , lookup
Wassim Michael Haddad wikipedia , lookup
Microprocessor wikipedia , lookup
Field-programmable gate array wikipedia , lookup
Public address system wikipedia , lookup
Immunity-aware programming wikipedia , lookup
Control system wikipedia , lookup
Design of SHAKTI Processor based Safety Systems for Nuclear Power Plant By Satya Rajesh Medidi, M. Manimaran, N. Anil, Ankit Kumar, Dr. D. Thirugnana Murthy, K. Madhusoodanan Prof.V. Kamakoti Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research Speaker (IGCAR) IIT-Madras Agenda Introduction • Distributed Architecture of PFBR • Fault tolerant methods • Hot standby architecture • Computer based systems / Real Time Computers • VME bus based 68020 CPU card • Component Obsolescence • SHAKTI CPU card • Road map • 1/24 Introduction • Instrumentation and Control (I&C) systems provide protection, control, supervision and monitoring in nuclear power plants • I&C systems are designed as per AERB SG D-10, D-20 & D-25 safety guides. • I&C systems are classified as ◦ Safety Critical Systems (SCS) Play principal role in achievement or maintenance of nuclear power plant safety ◦ Safety Related Systems (SRS) Play a complementary role to the Safety Critical systems ◦ Non-Nuclear Safety Systems (NNS) Play auxiliary or indirect role in achievement of nuclear power plant safety 2/24 Introduction In modern nuclear power plants, computer based systems (CBS) are extensively used for Instrumentation and Control systems. CBS intrinsically contains four important functions: ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ Scanning the inputs from sensors Processing logics Diagnostics Generation of outputs for actuators/final control elements and Sending the processed data for storage & display purpose 3/24 Computer Based Systems Typically the CBS is backplane bus based system comprises of ◦ CPU card ◦ Analog Input /Output cards ◦ Digital Input /Output cards No operating System Application software is fused in EPROM 4/24 Distributed Architecture of PFBR 5/24 Fault Tolerant Methods Single Failure Criterion Fault tolerance can be achieved in two ways Diversity ◦ Advantage: Common cause failures can be avoided ◦ Disadvantage: Stock inventory will be high Redundancy : ◦ Cold redundancy ◦ Warm redundancy ◦ Hot redundancy (SRS systems of NPP) Dual redundant systems with Switch Over Logic ◦ n-way redundancy with voting logic (SCS systems of NPP) Triplicated systems with 2/3 voting logic 6/24 Hot Standby Architecture 7/24 Typical I&C system cabinet RTC1 RTC2 DI & RO simulator AI simulator SOLS Development system at Lab 8/24 Criteria for Processor Selection for Safety Applications No bug lists Availability from more than one vendor Track record in the market Compatibility with backplane bus Preferably proven track record in Safety Applications Motorola 68020 based CPU card is used in Safety critical and Safety Related systems of Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor (PFBR). 9/24 VME CPU Card CPU FPP VME Controller EPROM Serial Port RTC VME Master Interface Display LED Indications Control Logic SRAM with ECC EEPROM Watchdog Timer WDT Testability Local Area Network : MC68020 @ 25MHz : MC68882 @ 25MHz :VIC068A : 1MB, 16 bit width : 4 No’s : 1No Battery backed : A32:D32, A24:D16, A16:D16 : 4 digit alpha-numeric :VME access, EEPROM access,WDT, RUN,DBE. : Altera MAX7256S CPLD : 2MB, 32 bit width, Battery backed : 128KB, 8 bit width (For storing configuration data) : Programmable - milliseconds to seconds (10 ms – 5 secs), : on demand, Potential Free Contact O/P for status : 2 No’s Hardwired TCP/IP Ethernet module 10/24 Block Diagram MC68020 based CPU card 11/24 Component Obsolescence 68020 is obsolete • The component life cycle is less than product (Reactor) life cycle • NPPs designed to operate for 40 to 50 years. • Electronic components used in CBS becoming obsolete in 10 to 15 years • 25% Spare inventory to sustain for next 10 years • • Obsolescence of processor used in CPU card creates demand not only on the hardware but also on the software used in the system 12/24 Ways to overcome obsolescence HDL based designs With open specification Open tool chain for application development Verification framework for open specifications FPGA or ASIC route Integration with third party peripherals with IP cores 13/24 Why SHAKTI processor? Open Specification Verification Framework Expertise (IIT-M) Obsolescence free road map Backward compatibility 14/24 Courtesy: Prof.V.Kamakoti, IIT-M, Chennai 15/24 Proposed Solution 16/24 Proof of concept • To have proof of concept SHAKTI processor based piggy back board is designed which acts as a snap-in pin to pin replacement for MC68020 on CPU base board without altering control glue logic, EDAC logic and VME Interface logic. • To establish hardware compatibility with MC68020 CPU card, SHAKTI processor is associated with wrapper Logic. Wrapper logic translates SHAKTI core's read and write cycles to MC68020 read and write cycles respectively. 17/24 Piggy back Board SHAKTI Processor and it's associated wrapper logic is being implemented in Artix 7 family FPGA from Xilinx Inc. Piggy back board consists of Artix 7 FPGA, associated power circuitry, reset circuitry, clock circuitry, level translation circuitry, debug circuitry and pin grid array for connecting to MC68020 CPU card. Power, reset and clock for piggy back board are derived from CPU base board. Power supply sequencing of core and input/output modules of FPGA is done by power circuitry. 18/24 Interfaces Joint Test Action Group (JTAG) port and Serial port are provided on piggy back board for debug purpose. JTAG port is also used for loading FPGA configuration data on on-board flash memory of piggy back board. Uni-directional and bi-directional level translators with latch-up protection are provided on piggy back board to enable voltage compatibility across voltage domains of piggy back board and CPU base board. To establish software compatibility, the application programs of MC68020 CPU card is modified accordingly. 19/24 Road Map The design of wrapper logic is taken up by IIT-M, Chennai and is in progress. Piggy back FPGA board for implementing SHAKTI processor is under fabrication. Application program that is intended to work on MC68020 CPU card will be compiled and build with the RISC V toolchain.The same will be flashed in CPU board. Functionality and performance of the SHAKTI CPU card will be evaluated with the existing CPU card. Full scale CPU card will be designed with the same specifications of existing CPU card. Thoroughly verified SHAKTI processor based CPU card will be deployed in CBSs of nuclear power plants. 20/24 Road Map 21/24 References [1] AERB SG D-1, 2003. Atomic energy regulatory board: safety classification and seismic categorisation for structures, systems and components of pressurized heavy water reactors. In: AERB Safety Guide No. AERB/NPP-PHWR/SG/D-1. AERB SG D-1, Mumbai, India [2] AERB SG D-25, 2010. Atomic energy regulatory board: computer based systems of pressurized heavy water reactors. In: AERB Safety Guide No. AERB/NPPPHWR/SG/D-25.AERB SG D-25, Mumbai, India. [3] M. Manimaran, A. Shanmugam, P. Parimalam, N. Murali, S.A.V. Satya Murty, 2015. Software development methodology for computer based I&C systems of prototype fast breeder reactor Nucl. Eng. Des 292 46–56. [4] https://riscv.org/ Dt. 01/10/2016 [5] http://rise.cse.iitm.ac.in/shakti.html Dt. 01/10/2016 [6] Chetal, S.C., Balasubramaniyan, V., Chellapandi, P., Mohanakrishnan, P., Puthiyavinayagam, P., Pillai, C.P., Raghupathy, S., Shanmugham, T.K., Sivathanu Pillai,C., 2006.The design of prototype fast breeder reactor. Nucl. Eng. Des. 236,852–860 [7]https://www.xilinx.com/products/silicon-devices/fpga/artix-7.htmlDt. 01/10/2016 22/24 Acknowledgment The authors express wholehearted thanks to • Dr. A.K. Bhaduri, Director IGCAR. • Members of Electronics and Instrumentation Group, IGCAR. • SHAKTI team of IIT-M for their valuable contribution. 23/24 Thank You 24/24