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UNITED NATIONS EP United Nations Environment Programme Distr. GENERAL UNEP/NOWPAP/DINRAC/ FPM 4/10/1 ORIGINAL: ENGLISH Northwest Pacific Action Plan Data and Information Network Regional Activity Centre The 4thNOWPAP DINRAC Focal Points Meeting Dalian, People’s Republic of China, 27-28 September 2005 REPORT OF CHINA ON THE STATUS AND ACTIVITIES OF DATA AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN 2004-2005 BIENNIUM UNEP/NOWPAP/DINRAC/FPM 4/10/1 Page 1 National Report of the People’s Republic of China on Coastal and Marine Environmental GIS and RS Applications in the NOWPAP Region 1. Country People’s Republic of China 2. Issued date of the National Report 20 September 2005 3. NOWPAP DINRAC Focal Points Dr. Xiangbin Pei Office for Marine Environment Protection State Environmental Protection Administration No.115 Xizhimennei Nanxiaojie Beijing 100035, P.R. China Tel: (86-10) 66556276 Email: [email protected] Introduction to institutions in which the NOWPAP DINRAC Focal Points work The office for marine environment protection, the State Environment Protection Administration. The office for marine environment protection is affiliated with the department of pollution control of SEPA. The office is in charge of coastal and marine environment protection in SEPA, such as prevention and control of land-based pollution, supervision and administration of coastal engineering and ship-dismantling projects, ect.. 4. Current situation of GIS and RS applications on coastal and marine environmental protection 4.1 General description Geographical Information Systems (GIS) technology makes it possible to integrate data from several sources. It can manage, analyze, process data, and present results as thematic UNEP/NOWPAP/DINRAC/FPM 4/10/1 Page 2 syntheses within a geographical referential. Over the past few years, the tools have been used for the management and visualization of coastal and marine environmental factor data, integration with environmental model, marine fishery resource evaluation and information service, and coastal zone management, ect.. It can provide diagnosis analysis and decision support in many cases involving management of a complex situation. For example, it can present several scenarios for coastal zone planning and management problems. It is an efficient interface between scientific studies and analyses and decision making. 4.2 Main activities of GIS and RS applications on coastal and marine environmental protection National Coastal Data Platform Manage System, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS. Departmental/Institutional levels of the application. Coastal zone Management, Research support service. Management and visualization of multi-source data in the spatio-temporal database. China coastal zone, East China Sea. Main software platforms are ArcGIS8.3, More1.0 Data on image data and maps about National Coastal zone, 1976-2003. Marine Geographic Information System (MaXplorer, MaXcatlog, ARGOGIS) for China Coastal Management, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS. Departmental/Institutional levels of the application. Oceanography, Marine Environmental Monitoring and Resource Management. Management and visualization of multi-source data on Marine Environment Science. China coastal zone, NW Pacific. Main software platforms are MaXplorer, MaXcatlog, ARGOGIS. They are developed by LREIS. Data on Oceanographic data, ARGO data, remote-sensing images and maps, 1985-2005 Marine Fishery Geographic Information System for North Pacific Marine fishery, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS. Departmental/Institutional levels of the application. Fishery and Marine Bio-resource Management. UNEP/NOWPAP/DINRAC/FPM 4/10/1 Page 3 Analysis, Management and mapping of data on Marine Fishery. North Pacific region. This software is developed by LREIS. Data on Oceanographic data, ARGO data, remote-sensing images and maps of North Pacific, 1985-2005 GIS on Sea ice in Bohai Sea, National Satellite Meterological Center. Departmental/Institutional levels of the application. Physical Oceanography, Marine Environment Science. Bohai Sea and adjacent area. Main software platforms are ArcView, Arcinfo, ENVI. The dataset on sea ice are retrieved from FY-1D. Oil spill control. Shandong Maritime safety Administration. Departmental/Institutional levels of the application. Marine environment science, oil spill pollution control. Mapping of coastal environment sensitivity Within Yellow Sea area. Main software platform is PAMAP GIS. GIS on land-based discharge control and coastal water quality in the Dalian bay, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, State Oceanic Administration. Departmental/Institutional levels of the application. Land-based pollution control. Cartographical Visualization of data on Physical Oceanography, Marine Environment Science. Within Yellow Sea area. Main software platforms are ArcView , Arcinfo. The information system could support spatial optimization Control of total land-based discharge and Spatio-temporal Analysis of water quality The HY-1 satellite ground receiving and processing system, National Satellite Ocean Application Service, State Oceanic Administration. National levels of the application. Departmental sectors of the application. Physical Oceanography, Biological Oceanography, Support of marine disaster monitoring and forecast. Coastal land use and coastline monitoring, and scientific researches UNEP/NOWPAP/DINRAC/FPM 4/10/1 Page 4 and fishery, Yellow Sea, East China Sea, North-West Pacific Ocean. Main software platforms are ArcGis and Owner software. The NSOAS HY-1 satellite data are in archives in National Satellite Ocean Application Service. Integrated Application GIS for the individual marine disciplines, National Marine Data and Information Service, State Oceanic Administration. Departmental/Institutional levels of the application. Departmental/Enterprises sectors of the application. Physical Oceanography, Hydrometerology, Marine Ecology, Support of Scientific researches. Cartographical Visualization of data on Physical Oceanography, Hydrometerology, Marine Ecology. Yellow sea, East China Sea. NW Pacific. Main software platforms are ArcView 8.1, Mapinfo 7.0, OceanMap 2.0 GIS-based Electronic Marine Environment & Resources Atlas, National Marine Data and Information Service, State Oceanic Administration. Departmental/Institutional levels of the application. Departmental/Enterprises sectors of the application. Physical Oceanography, Hydrology, Meteorology, Chemistry, Marine Ecology, Marine Economic Resources. Cartographical Visualization of data on Physical Oceanography, Hydrology, Meteorology, Chemistry, Marine Ecology, Marine Economic Resources. Yellow Sea, East China Sea, NW Pacific. Main software platforms are ArcView, Mapinfo, and other. Coastal Surge System, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Departmental/Institutional levels of the application. Physical Oceanography, Marine Environmental Monitoring, . East China Sea, NW Pacific. Main software platform is Surge System 1.0 that is developed byIO, CAS. 4.3 The number of the institutions/organizations involved in the applications Approximate 15 Institutions, organizations that belong to different agencies, services, departments and Chinese Academy of sciences. UNEP/NOWPAP/DINRAC/FPM 4/10/1 Page 5 4.4 The number of the existing systems/projects of the applications About 12 different kind of applications are developed in the NOWPAP Region 5. the future of GIS and RS applications on coastal and marine environmental protection 5.1 General description The last few years have seen a rapid development in the coastal and marine application of GIS and RS. Remote sensing technologies are evolving and changing on a regular basis, new ways to use this problem-solving technology is being developed in coastal and marine application. GIS helps coastal managers collect, organize, and interpret a vast amount of data. GIS provides help to the users in the coastal and marine environmental protection in several ways including visualization of data, data storage, spatial analysis, environmental modeling and decision support applications, ect.. For example, 2D and 3D GIS visualization tools help represent data in a format that readily shows trends and patterns. As we become increasingly aware of the oceans and seas and the many resources they contain, we have an inherent responsibility to preserve them. Researchers, organizations, and professionals dedicated to understanding and analyzing this dynamic and changing environment are using GIS and RS to develop coastal and marine applications, and make marine-specific GIS techniques. 5.2 Activities of GIS and RS application Activities of GIS and RS application in Coastal and Marine Environment protection focus on the following: GIS Land-based pollution control. Marine environment monitoring and assessment. Marine environment modeling and forecast. Marine environment impact assessment. Marine Biological diversity and nature reserve. Monitoring and evaluation of natural disasters. Coastal Zone Management and Coastal ecosystem GIS. Oceanography UNEP/NOWPAP/DINRAC/FPM 4/10/1 Page 6 Fisheries GIS. GIS Integration and development. RS Marine environment monitoring, e.g. sea surface tempera monitoring and ocean color monitoring Ocean disaster monitoring and forecast, e.g. red tide monitoring, sea ice monitoring. Coastal zone management, e.g. Coastline change monitoring, Coastal land use and coastal vegetation and coastal ecosystem monitoring. Marine resources management, marine fishery resource environment monitoring. Oil spill emergency response. Oceanography science researches. 5.3 The important activity plans The plan of satellites to launch. According to the overall development plan of marine satellite, after the successful launch of HY-1A, the establishment and reasoning of HY-1B are carrying out according to the plan. The main technical indicators are the same as that of HY-1A.The preparation of advanced research of HY-2 has been carried out. HY-2 will mainly carry microwave remote sensor - radar altimeter, microwave radiometer and microwave scatterometer. The satellites will enhance the application of coastal and marine environmental RS, Such as coastal and Marine environment and hazards monitoring, Marine resources management, marine fishery resource environment monitoring, spill emergency response and Oceanography science researches, ect.. The plan of “digital ocean”. The project of Coastal and Marine Comprehensive Survey and Assessment (908 Special Project) has been funded. It will take 6 years (2004-2009). The project consists of 3 parts: Part 1. Coastal and marine comprehensive survey (2004-2007); Part 2. Coastal and marine comprehensive assessment (2005-2008); Part 3. To establish the ‘digital ocean’ information infrastructure (2005-2009). Using the survey data from the part 1 and assessment result data obtaining from part 2, the information platform and clearinghouse of the project will be set up in order to form the comprehensive information service system. In addition, the project includes establishment of coastal and marine information systems for special application, such as, coastal information system, island information system, marine environment information system, marine resource and energy information system, marine economic information system, ect.. 6. Institutions/organizations involved in GIS and RS applications on coastal and marine environmental protection UNEP/NOWPAP/DINRAC/FPM 4/10/1 Page 7 6.1 Introduction to the main institutions/organizations Environmental Information Center (EIC), SEPA Address: A-805, No.1 Yuhuinanlu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China Tel: 86-10-8463 4272 Fax: 86-10-8463 4272 Email: [email protected] URL: http://www.zhb.gov.cn/english Environmental Information Center (EIC) was set up in May, 1996. It is affiliated to the State Environmental Protection Administration (SEPA). The Information Center mainly provides information services to the environmental protection system, with the following responsibilities: Environmental information collection and processing, and management of information materials; Construction and management of environmental information systems; Researches and development of environmental information products. EIC has made ecological survey of the coastal provinces using RS and other data. China National Environmental Monitoring Center (CNEMC), SEPA Address: No.1 Yuhuinanlu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China Tel: 86-10-8465 3808 Fax: 86-10-8465 4244 URL: http://www.cnemc.cn China Environmental Monitoring Center (CNEMC) was founded in 1980. It is an institution directly affiliated to the State Environmental Protection Administration. It provides support and service for the SEPA’s environmental supervision management, plays a role as network center, information center and training center of national environmental monitoring system and provides professional management and guidance for the national environmental monitoring system. CNEMC is responsible for collecting, archiving, managing, analyzing national environmental monitoring data, and publishing national environmental situation. In CNEMC, GIS is used for analyzing and presenting environmental monitoring data. National Marine Data and Information Service (NMDIS), SOA Address: 93 Liuwei Rd., Hedong District, Tianjin , 300171, China Tel: 86-22-2421 4161 Fax: 86-22-2430 4408 UNEP/NOWPAP/DINRAC/FPM 4/10/1 Page 8 URL: www.coi.gov.cn Email: [email protected] The National Marine Data and information Service ( NMDIS ) under the State Oceanic Administration ( SOA ), which was set up in 1958, is a national comprehensive sector for research on marine information technologies and service for public benefit, which is composed of four operational systems, i.e.,the National Oceanographic Data Centre of China ( CNODC ), the Institute of Marine Scientific and Technological Information (IMSTI)including the National Marine Archives Centre ( NMAC ), the China Operational Centre of the International Ocean Institute ( IOI-China ) and National the Marine Space Information Research and Development Centre ( MSIRDC ). The major tasks of the Service are to organize and coordinate the national work on marine data and scientific and technological information ; take charge of the collection, processing, storage and service of various kinds of marine information; establish a variety of marine databases; and provide different marine information products and service. The Service has established and developed the National Marine Information System since 1993. The system has got into the information expressway through Internet, and joined the International Oceanographic Data & Information Exchange System. In NMDIS, GIS is used for analyzing, visualizing, presenting marine observation data. National Satellite Ocean Application Service (NSOAS), SOA Address: No.8, Dahuisi, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China Tel: 86-10- 6217 3625 Fax: 86-10-6217 3620 URL: www.nsoas.gov.cn Email: [email protected] In March 1998, State Oceanic Administration began to prepare to construct the NSOAS on the basis of the General Satellite Department, at the same time promote the construction of the HY-1 satellite ground application system. In May 1999, the construction of HY-1 satellite ground application system was established and approved by National Audit Committee. In September 2000, Central Organization Committee, CPC approved to establish NSOAS. Its responsibilities and tasks: It is responsible for the preparation of plan of ocean series satellites and the application research and the integrated reasoning of the application project of important ocean satellite remote sensing and the development of series of ocean satellites. It is responsible for the management of ocean satellite remote sensing operation and the application technology, the organization of technical research of ocean satellite remote sensing UNEP/NOWPAP/DINRAC/FPM 4/10/1 Page 9 application, the preparation of construction plan of ocean satellite remote sensing application operational system and the operational implementation of ocean satellite remote sensing application. It takes charge of construction and management of HY-1 satellite ground application system and HY-1 satellite ground receiving station, the development of special software for HY-1 satellite and the updating and upgrading. It takes charge of the real-time reception, processing, product archiving and distribution services and the issuance of HY-1 satellite information product, the construction and management of the ocean satellite database and information system, and the updating and upgrading of the data and system. It is responsible for the establishment of the standard and specification of the ocean satellite date format, data processing and product format. It is responsible for the planning, establishment and maintenance management of sea radiometric correction field and validity check field, the implementation of the tasks of sea and land test field and the organization of international technical cooperation and academic exchange of ocean satellite remote sensing. National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center (NMEMC),SOA Address: 1-8 Lingshuiqiao, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, China Tel: 86-411-467 1429 Fax: 86-411-467 2396 URL: http://www.nmemc.gov.cn Email: [email protected] The National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center (NMEMC) (i.e. Institute of Marine Environmental Protection) of China was founded in 1979. It is a public welfare institution responsible mainly for both the professional and technological management for nation-wide marine environmental monitoring and the research on marine environmental protection. The Center is organized into 10 divisions: marine biological resources, marine chemistry, marine environmental dynamics, sea ice, monitoring management, Central Laboratory, National Technical Station of Sea Water Management, Institute of Marine Engineering Research, Exploration and Design, Hi-Tech. Development, and marine information and data. Its main tasks and duties are: Technical management of nation-wide marine environmental monitoring; Assessment on the environmental quality of China Sea, forecast and prediction of the developing trends and provision of suggestions and strategies concerned; Marine environmental monitoring, surveillance and protection, ocean dumping and oil UNEP/NOWPAP/DINRAC/FPM 4/10/1 Page 10 pollution control; Development of coastal and sea island resources; Service for marine engineering; Scientific research on sea ice; International cooperation and exchange on marine environmental monitoring and protection; Nation-wide marine environmental monitoring methodology, standards and SRMs, and intercalibration; Technological management and professional training; Provision of scientific basis for the arbitration of great marine pollution accidents at home and abroad. The main projects and programs carried out in recent years are as follows: investigation and assessment on marine pollution, history of and prediction on marine pollution, ocean dumping site selections and research on the impact of ocean dumping on marine environment, prevention and control of marine oil pollution, comprehensive investigation on marine environment, marine development planning and designation of sea functional zones, comprehensive survey on sea island and coastal resources, monitoring and surveillance for major discharge pipes, feasibility survey and environmental impact assessment for construction of sea ports and marine engineering, research on cultivating technology. National Satellite Meteorological Center (NSMC), CMA Address: No. 46 Zhongguancun Nandajie, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China Tel. 86-10-6840 6213 Fax. 86-10-6217 5937 Email: [email protected] or [email protected] URL: www.nsmc.cma.gov.cn The National Satellite Meteorological Center (NSMC) was founded on July 1, 1971. It is a scientific research and operational facility affiliated to the China Meteorological Administration. NSMC has facilities of satellite meteorology research, system design, computer system, satellite,operation control , operational and service, system support, etc. The three ground stations of Beijing, Guangzhou, Urumqi are also under the supervision of NSMC. The main functions of NSMC include: UNEP/NOWPAP/DINRAC/FPM 4/10/1 Page 11 To formulate and draft strategy and development program for China's meteorological satellites. To build up the ground system for China's meteorological satellites. To conduct scientific researches on meteorological satellite and satellite meteorology. To be responsible for receiving, processing, distribution and application of foreign and China's meteorological satellite data. NSMC carries out activities of theoretical and experimental researches on radiation transmission in the atmosphere, the algorithm for meteorological satellite data processing as well as the application of meteorological satellite data. These researches have in turn supported the development of NSMC, promoted the meteorological satellite data application in China and also the international cooperation. By using the ground system, NSMC receives and processes meteorological satellite data from both Chinese and foreign satellites. These data have played an important role in the fields of weather forecasting, natural disaster monitoring and national economy. Remarkable social and economical benefits have been archived. The Institute of Remote Sensing Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IRSA/CAS) Address: P. O. Box 9718, Beijing, China 100101 Tel: 86-10-64876313 Fax: 86-10-64876313 URL: http://www.irsa.ac.cn Email: [email protected] The Institute of Remote Sensing Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IRSA/CAS), was Founded in 1979 with approval of State Council. Supported by Geographic Information System (GIS) and Global Positioning System (GPS), IRSA taking Digital Earth as its strategic goal is a comprehensive research institution engaging in basic theory, cutting edge technology, application methods and application research on remote sensing. The aims of IRSA are to develop the theory and technology of remote sensing information sciences; to provide scientific support of macro decision making for nation’s sustainable development; and to become a base for China’s remote sensing for resources and environment, a base for remote sensing engineering application and industrialization. The Center for Nature Resource and Environment Remote Sensing Application covers the innovation fields of Land Resource and Environment Crop Growing Monitor and Product Assessment 、 Nature Hazard Monitor and Prediction 、 Solid Earth and Ocean Mineral Resources、Remote Sensing Data Modeling and Knowledge Discovery. The tenet of The Center UNEP/NOWPAP/DINRAC/FPM 4/10/1 Page 12 is to use the synthetic technique advantages of different fields to provide imagery information and scientific data for sustainable development、national security、promoting earth science and national strategic decision making. The Remote-Sensing Satellite Ground Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences (RSGS /CAS) Address: (P.O.Box 2434),,#45,Bei san huan xi Road, Beijing, 100086 ,China. Tel:(+86-10)62553662 Fax:(+86-10)62587827 URL: http://www.rsgs.ac.cn Email:[email protected] The Remote-Sensing Satellite Ground Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, (i.e. China Remote-Sensing Satellite Ground Station, or China RSGS for short,). Main missions of the Station are to receive, process, archive and distribute the earth-resources data from various remote-sensing satellites, and also to make scientific researches regarding satellite remote-sensing data receiving, processing and the relevant various techniques and methods. After a series of complicated processing, the acquired earth-resources remote-sensing data are offered to users in the form of various media. China RSGS has preliminarily realized the goal of one station to a number of satellites, and has been continuously developing toward the direction of all-weather, all-time, multi-satellite, multi-resolution and nearly real-time data receiving and processing. For the time-being, the Station regularly receives and processes data from the following satellites: Landsat-5/7 (U.S.), ERS-1/2 (European Space Agency) ,JERS-1 (Japan), SPOT-1/2/4/5 (France) and Radarsat-1/2 (Canada),CBERS-1/2 (China and Brazil) and IRS(India). These data have been widely applied in many fields such as: land-resources survey, oceanic-resources survey, environmental monitoring, land-administration programming, land-use survey, crops-yield assessment, geological exploration, research on deserts, glaciers and grassland, etc. The State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System (LREIS), The Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research (IGSNRR), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Address: A-11, Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China 100101 Tel: 86-10-64889276 Fax: 86-10-64851844 URL: http://www.lreis.ac.cn/ Email: [email protected] UNEP/NOWPAP/DINRAC/FPM 4/10/1 Page 13 The State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System (LREIS) is a research institute taking remote sensing and GIS application as its basic research and application demonstration, belongs to the Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS. Directions and Aims of Scientific Researches: Based on geography and applying the methods and technical means of system science and information science synthetically, to research the universal-fundamental subjects and frontal subjects in the field of resources and environment information system, to exploit new application fields, to develop new methods and corresponding software of information management and analysis, and to promote the development and application of Chinese resources and environment information system from the aspects of theory and technical means. Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IOCAS) Address: No.7, Nanhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China Tel: 86-532-287 9062 Fax: 86-532-287 0882 Email: [email protected] URL: www.iocas.qdio.ac.cn The Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IOCAS) was first established in 1950. It is the largest and most comprehensive multidisciplinary marine research institution in China. Since its establishment, the institute has done lots of pioneering and foundation laying work in systematics of marine biota, marine ecology, mariculture, marine bio-technique, ocean circulation and ocean-atmosphere interaction, tides, waves and storm surges, marine sedimentation, marine geochemistry, lithospheric structure of ocean bottom, chemical oceanography, seaweed chemistry and marine resource chemistry, marine environment engineering, red tide and environment protection, marine erosion and its protection, marine monitoring and censoring technique, application of RS and GIS in oceanography, etc.. 6.2 Inventory of the institutions/organizations Inventory of the Institutions/organizations involved in GIS and RS applications on coastal and marine environmental protection in the NOWPAP Region Evaluation of No Name Main Directions/tasks of Research Level Main outcomes UNEP/NOWPAP/DINRAC/FPM 4/10/1 Page 14 . (High, Research/work Medium, Original) 1 EIC, Environmental information collection and EIC has made SEPA processing, ecological survey of and management of information materials; Construction and management of Medium, environmental provinces using RS information systems; researches and development of the coastal and other data. environmental information products. 2 CNEMC, As the center of network, technology, Medium, GIS is used SEPA information and training for the national analyzing environmental monitoring, China presenting National Environmental Center is environmental responsible for managing and guiding monitoring data. for and the work of the national environmental monitoring system, and providing technical support to SEPA in carrying out environmental supervision and management. The main task of CNEMC is to collect, archive, manage, analyze national environmental monitoring data, and publize national environmental situation. 3 NMDIS, SOA Medium The Service has To organize and coordinate the national established and work developed the on marine scientific and technological data and information; take National Marine charge of the collection, processing, Information System storage and service of various kinds of since 1993. marine information; establish a variety of system has got into marine databases; and provide different the marine information products and service. expressway The information through Internet, and joined the UNEP/NOWPAP/DINRAC/FPM 4/10/1 Page 15 International Oceanographic Data & Information Exchange System. 4 NSOAS, Management of ocean satellite remote High The system is SOA sensing operation and the application specially designed technology, the organization of technical for receiving, research of ocean satellite remote processing, sensing application, the preparation of archiving construction plan of ocean satellite distributing the HY-1 remote sensing application operational satellite all data and system and the operational its products to the implementation of ocean satellite remote users. and sensing application. Construction and management of HY-1 satellite ground application system and HY-1 satellite ground receiving station, the development of special software for HY-1 satellite and the updating and upgrading. The real-time reception, processing, product archiving and distribution services and the issuance of HY-1 satellite information product, the construction and management of the ocean satellite database and information system, and the updating and upgrading of the data and system. 5 NMEMC, The main projects and programs carried SOA out in recent years are as follows: analyzing investigation and assessment on marine presenting pollution, history of and prediction on environmental marine pollution, ocean dumping site monitoring data. selections and research on the impact of ocean dumping on marine environment, prevention and control of marine oil pollution, comprehensive investigation on marine environment, marine Medium GIS is used for and marine UNEP/NOWPAP/DINRAC/FPM 4/10/1 Page 16 development planning and designation of sea functional zones, comprehensive survey on sea island and coastal resources, monitoring and surveillance for major discharge pipes, feasibility survey and environmental impact assessment for construction of sea ports and marine engineering, research on cultivating technology. 6 NSMC, The main functions of NSMC include: High To take charge of the CMA To formulate and draft strategy and collection, development program for China's processing, storage, meteorological satellites. management of To build up the ground system for various of China's meteorological satellites. meteorological To conduct scientific researches on satellite meteorological satellite and satellite information; meteorology. establish a variety of To be responsible for receiving, meteorological processing, distribution and application satellite databases; of foreign and China's meteorological and provide different satellite data. meteorological kinds data and information products and service. 7 IRSA Researches on CAS mechanisms between visible, infrared, Remote and microwave information, and the interactive High remote sensing Image Earth's surface and materials; exploring the transmission Sensing Processing Analysis System, rules of remote sensing information in various media; developing frontier remote sensing technology such as hyperspectral imaging remote radar; sensing establishing and and developing theories and methods of remote sensing applied to resources, environment, and disaster etc. Web GIS software UNEP/NOWPAP/DINRAC/FPM 4/10/1 Page 17 Researches on the modeling and mapping of the spatial properties of remote sensed images, the technologies and methods of up-to data RS image location system, GPS, and the integrated technologies of RS images & GIS, as well as 3-D information extraction and real-time processing techniques. 8 RSGS Main missions of the Station are to High Remote Sensing CAS receive, process, archive and distribute data receiving and the earth-resources data from various processing. remote-sensing satellites, and also to make scientific researches regarding satellite remote-sensing data receiving, processing and the relevant various techniques and methods. After a series of complicated processing, the acquired earth-resources remote-sensing data are offered to users in the form of various media. 9 LREIS Based on geography and applying the IGSNRR CAS Several GIS-based methods and technical means of system systems are science and information science developed, e.g. synthetically, to research the Marine fishery universal-fundamental subjects and service GIS, frontal subjects in the field of resources Information and environment information system, to on exploit new application fields, to develop etc... new methods and corresponding software of information management and analysis, and to promote the development and application of Chinese resources and environment information system from the aspects of theory and technical means. High coastal system zone, UNEP/NOWPAP/DINRAC/FPM 4/10/1 Page 18 10 IOCAS marine biota, marine ecology, mariculture, physical oceanography, Medium Using Remote and ocean-atmosphere interaction, Sensing Biological oceanography, marine Development sedimentation, marine geochemistry, Coastal Surge System chemical oceanography, marine to simulate the surface environment engineering, red tide and of the sea by the environment protection, marine altimeter data. monitoring and censoring technique, application of RS and GIS in oceanography, ect.. 7. Activities relating to GIS and RS applications on coastal and marine environmental protection 7.1 Introduction of the main activities 7.1.1 Coastal hazard monitoring and forecast National Satellite Ocean Application Service (NSOAS), SOA, National Satellite Meteorological Center (NSMC), CMA, National Marine Data and Information Service (NMDIS), SOA, Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research (IGSNRR), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), the second institute of oceanography, SOA, Maritime Safety Administration of China, MAS. Activity: Establishment of National Satellite Ocean Application Service (NSOAS). Monitoring and Forecast of sea ice and red tides, Control of the disastrous results from the hazards. Oil spill monitoring and prevention. Development of the forecast system of sea ice in the Bohai sea. Establishment of marine environment and marine disaster information system. Training of GIS and Oil spill model for oil spill pollution prevention. 7.1.2 Marine Bioresources and Marine fisheries The State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System (LREIS), The Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research (IGSNRR), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Chinese Academy of Fishery (CAFS) Sciences, Institute of Oceanology of the China Academy of Sciences (IO CAS), National Satellite Ocean Application Service (NSOAS), SOA data, of UNEP/NOWPAP/DINRAC/FPM 4/10/1 Page 19 Activity: Monitoring of bioresources and bioproductivity and fishing ground environment factors using the remote-sensing and ocean survey and fishery production investigation. Construction of oceanic fishery database including Background database, Fishery capture and production database, biology survey database, Environmental database, Archive database of the fishery ship. Development of GIS software and GIS-based information service systems. Establishment of fleetness forecast system and dynamic management system of ocean fishery. Development of resource evaluation model and control of over fishery activities. Provision of marine fishery information products. Bioresource assessment, planning and decision making support. Promotion of sustainable development of oceanic fisheries. 7.1.3 Coastal zone management National Satellite Ocean Application Service (NSOAS), SOA, National Marine Data and Information Service (NMDIS), SOA, Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research (IGSNRR), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). Activity: Monitoring of coastline change and coastal land use using the satellite remote sensing. Establishment of the coastal zone environment information system. Establishment of the National Coastal Data platform Manage System to manage coastal data and offshore multi-source data within a geographical referential, and realize the access the database by the object-oriented means, and spatial data analysis and visualization. Provision of information service and Support of coastal zone management. Data include image data and maps about National Coastal zone, 1976-2003. 7.1.4 Coastal and Marine environmental monitoring and protection China National Environmental Monitoring Center (CNEMC), SEPA, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center (NMEMC),SOA, National Satellite Ocean Application Service (NSOAS), SOA. Activity: monitoring of marine environment using the satellite remote sensing, Monitoring of the sea surface temperature fields and sea water color using the satellite remote-sensing. Spatial analysis and visualization of coastal and marine environmental data using GIS. Mapping of coastal and marine environment quality. Control of land-based pollution and protection of coastal water quality. 7.1.5 Information service and Scientific researches The Institute of Remote Sensing Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IRSA/CAS), National Satellite Ocean Application Service (NSOAS), SOA, China National Environmental UNEP/NOWPAP/DINRAC/FPM 4/10/1 Page 20 Monitoring Center (CNEMC), SEPA, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center (NMEMC),SOA, National Satellite Meteorological Center (NSMC), CMA, National Marine Data and Information Service (NMDIS), SOA, Institute of Oceanology of the China Academy of Sciences (IO CAS), The Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research (IGSNRR), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Chinese Academy of Fishery (CAFS) Sciences, Activity: Collection, Archive, storage, analysis of the national and foreign oceanographic and RS data. Development of coastal and marine information products and distribution of these products via Internet/Intranet and on CD-ROMs. Developing of the satellite remote sensing data receiving and processing system and the data distribution system. Establishment of Web-based information service system and Integrated application GIS for the individual marine disciplines. Under support of GIS and RS, some scientific issues on oceanography and Meteorology are studied, e.g. the sea surface physics processes and sea surface height, ect.. Development of new equipment and software. Establishment of oceanic information infrastructure. Application of RS and GIS and information technology for coastal and marine sustainable development. Provision of information services for scientific researches and sustainable development. 7.2 Inventory of the activities Inventory of the Activities Relating to GIS and RS Systems on Coastal and Marine Environmental Protection in the NOWPAP Region No . 1 The Dates of Title Study Area Research Fields Beginning Main Outcomes and End Coastal Bohai Sea, hazard Yellow sea, monitoring East China and forecast sea Marine ecology, Monitoring and forecast of Physical Oceanography, Environmental protection 2000-2005 coastal hazards, Control of the results from coastal hazards Monitoring of bioresources and bioproductivity and fishing ground environment 2 factors, Development of Marine China East Bioresource Sea. GIS-based information Biological service systems. UNEP/NOWPAP/DINRAC/FPM 4/10/1 Page 21 s and Marine fisheries Oceanography, NW Pacific 1997-2005 Establishment of fleetness Marine Ecology, forecast system and Fishery dynamic management management, system of ocean fishery. Development of resource evaluation model and control of over fishery activities. Promotion of sustainable development of oceanic fisheries. Monitoring Coastal zone 3 managemen t of coastline China Coastal ecology, change and coastal land Coastal Coastal resources, use Zone, Coastal wetland and Yellow Sea, reserves, East China GIS application Sea technology 2001-2005 using the satellite remote sensing. Establishment National of Coastal the Data platform Manage System Monitoring of marine environment, Monitoring of the sea surface temperature fields and sea Coastal water color. Spatial analysis Marine 4 Physical environment Yellow sea, Oceanography, monitoring East China Environmental and Sea. protection, Pollution environment and visualization of coastal and marine environmental 1998-2005 data. mapping of coastal and marine environment control, quality. Control of protection land-based pollution and protection of coastal water quality. 5 Yellow Sea, Information Information East China Technology, Physical Services and Sea, NW Oceanography, Scientific Pacific Hydrometeorology, Development of coastal and 1999-2005 marine information products and distribution of these products via UNEP/NOWPAP/DINRAC/FPM 4/10/1 Page 22 researches Biological Internet/Intranet and on Oceanography, CD-ROMs. Research Support Developing of the satellite Services remote sensing data receiving and processing system Under support of GIS and RS, some scientific issues on oceanography and Meteorology are studied. Provision of information services for scientific researches and sustainable development. 8. Inventory of the GIS and RS data Inventory of the GIS and RS Data on Coastal and Marine Environmental Protection in the NOWPAP Region Number of Number of DataType No. Institutions/ Organizations Sea Dataset Database s s 12 8 Meta-Databases Maps Atlases Multimedia 12 12 6 1 Yellow sea East 1 China 12 sea NW Pacific 9. Inventory of the GIS and RS systems Inventory of the GIS and RS Systems on Coastal and Marine Environmental Protection in the NOWPAP Region N System Type Number of Number of UNEP/NOWPAP/DINRAC/FPM 4/10/1 Page 23 o. Sea Application Systems WebGIS Services 10 2 Institutions/Organizatio ns Yellow sea 1 East China sea 8 NW Pacific 10. Inventory of the GIS and RS reports Inventory of the GIS and RS Reports on Coastal and Marine Environmental Protection in the NOWPAP Region N o. 1 Sea Number of Reports Number of Institutions/Organizations Yellow sea East China sea 10 8 NW Pacific 11. Summary The brief introduction to the national history of GIS and RS applications on coastal and marine environmental protection in the NOWPAP Region In China, some projects of GIS and RS applications on coastal and marine environmental protection have been implemented successively in the Nowpap region since 1990, for example, the project of National Coastal Data Platform Manage System, the project of Marine Fishery Geographic Information System, ect.. The GIS applications are presented in detail: Land-based pollution control, Marine environment monitoring and assessment, Marine environment modeling, Marine environment impact assessment, Monitoring and evaluation of coastal hazards, Coastal Zone Management, Oceanography and Fisheries GIS, Coastal and marine mapping, GIS Integration and development for coastal and marine application. In the process of establishment of the ‘digital ocean’ information infrastructure (2005-2009) of The project of Coastal and Marine Comprehensive Survey and Assessment, GIS applications on coastal and marine environmental protection in the region will be developed further. HY-1A satellite and FY-1D satellite that were launched in2002 make it easy thatData acquisition of high-resolution satellite information in the Region. The satellites remote-sensing applications have been further developed on coastal and marine environmental protection in the UNEP/NOWPAP/DINRAC/FPM 4/10/1 Page 24 region. The RS applications are presented in detail: coastal and Marine environment monitoring, Marine resources management, marine fishery resource environment monitoring, Red tide monitoring, spill emergency response and Oceanography science researches, ect.. Through past few years’ efforts, National marine GIS information infrastructure construction has made a certain extent of development, especially in construction of Marine information technology infrastructure, marine information system, and marine information network infrastructure. For instance, Marine environment monitoring and forecast system has been established, Marine Geographical spatial database of 1 to 1 million has been constructed, National marine information network has been working. Quantity of the related institutions/organizations, experts, budget and data Most of institutions/organizations related to coastal and marine environmental protection in the Nowpap region have experiences of GIS applications on coastal and marine environmental protection. Some of them have developed specific applications, and made GIS software and information management systems. Quantity of GIS and RS experts depends on the main research directions of the institutes or organizations. In some institutes that take GIS and RS as main research directions, there are 4-5 experts who are in charge of development of the GIS and RS application in each institute. For some institutes/organizations that take GIS and RS as main research directions, there are 10-20 experts who are responsible for development of the GIS and RS applications, GIS software, and maintenance of the developed information system in each institute. For GIS and RS data on the coastal and marine environmental protection in the NOWPAP Region, acquisition of RS data is easy, but GIS data are not enough and need to be developed. Evaluation on the development level of technology at present and the description of its characteristics Geographical Information Systems (GIS) technology makes it possible to integrate data from several sources. It can manage, analyze, process coastal and marine environmental data, and present results. In addition, 2D and 3D GIS visualization tools help represent data in a format that readily shows trends and patterns. The tools can be used for environmental modeling by integration with environmental model. It can provide information service and decision support, ect.. The GIS application activities of the ocean industry sector are wide ranging—from offshore oil and gas facilities management to deep-sea fishing. Geographical UNEP/NOWPAP/DINRAC/FPM 4/10/1 Page 25 Information Systems (GIS), the natural framework for spatial data handling, are being recognised as a powerful tool with useful applications in marine sciences. The GIS Integration and Development can make it possible to Provide relevant, easily accessible spatial data, tools, and support services to the coastal and marine environment and resource management. It can provide an online service to address coastal and marine issues. GIS I&D projects typically focus on data access and distribution, Internet mapping, and spatial data analysis and visualization as a means of addressing coastal and marine environmental problems, marine protected areas and so on. 12. Comments Main sources of the report are: Web-sites of Agencies/Institutions/Organizations. National Report on Coastal and Marine Environmental Data and Information Network in the Northwest Pacific Region. UNEP/NOWPAP/DINRAC/Publication No. 1. DINRAC, Beijin, October 2004. NOWPAP/DINRAC Questionnaries for Coastal and Marine Environmental GIS and RS Data Products/Systems/Reports in the NOWPAP Region. Annual Reports of Activities of institutions/organizations which are available as hardcopies and Internet files. Papers of some Journals That are available as hardcopies. Note: The numbers of inventories of data and systems and reports on GIS and RS applications are incomplete information from the