Download PLNU ATEP Blood Borne Pathogen Training Course

 Occupational Safety and Health Administration
(OSHA)Bloodborne Pathogen (BBP) standard (29 CFR
part 1910.1030) does the following:
 Lists safeguards to protect workers against the health
hazards related to BBPs
 How does this affect me?
 Anyone whose job requires exposure to BBPs is required
to complete OSHA training
 As ATCs or ATSs you work in a setting where you will
come into contact with blood and/or other potentially
infectious materials (OPIM).
 All of the following are disease
causing agents:
 Viruses
 Hepatitis, measles, mumps,
chickenpox, meningitis, rubella,
influenza, etc
 Bacteria
 Tetanus, staphylococcus, MRSA,
Lyme disease, meningitis, anthrax,
etc
 Fungi
 Athlete’s foot, ring worm
 Protozoa
 Malaria, dysentery
Staph infection
 Rickettsia:
 Typhus, Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
 Parasitic worms
 Stomach worms
 Prions:
 Mad cow disease
 Yeasts:
 Candidiasis
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
 Many diseases can be spread by
coming into contact with
another person’s body fluids,
but the three diseases of
primary concern for this
training are:
 Methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
 Hepatitis B (HBV)
 Hepatitis C (HCV)
 Human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV)
HIV
 MRSA is a type of bacteria that is
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resistant to most of the common
forms of antibiotics
Most MRSA infections occur in
immunosuppressed hospital or
nursing home patients
MRSA infections that we may see as
athletic trainers are called
Community Acquired MRSA
infections
MRSA infections can be life
threatening if not treated promptly
MRSA can spread rapidly between
teammates, healthcare workers, or
anyone in contact with the infected
person
 Signs and Symptoms:
 CA-MRSA most often presents as skin or soft tissue infection
such as a boil or abscess
 Patients frequently recall a “spider bite”. The involved site is
red, swollen, and painful and may have pus or other drainage
 Staph infections also can cause more serious infections, such
as blood stream infections or pneumonia, leading to
symptoms of shortness of breath, fever, and chills
 Treatment:
 Staph skin infections may be treated by incision and drainage
 Antibiotic treatment if indicated
 Some skin infections require hospitalization with isolation
 HIV is the virus that leads to AIDS
 HIV depletes the immune system by attacking
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the T-cells
Someone may have HIV for 12 years before
symptoms surface (Nature Reviews Immunology
2003)
No vaccine exists
HIV does not survive well outside
the body
No threat on contracting HIV
through casual contact
Did you know?
 Antiretroviral medication now exists that can eradicate
HIV from your system if action is taken within 72 hours
of an exposure (VL Brashers 2005)
 1—1.25 million
Americans are
chronically infected
 Symptoms include:
jaundice, fatigue,
abdominal pain, loss of
appetite, intermittent
nausea , vomiting
 Once you get it you
can’t get rid of it
 May lead to chronic liver
disease, liver cancer, and
death
 Vaccination available since
1982
 By law vaccination must
be made available at no
cost for all at risk
employees
 HBV can survive for at least
one week (up to a month)
in
dried blood
 Symptoms can occur 1-9
months after exposure
 Hepatitis C is the most common chronic
bloodborne infection in the United States
 Leading cause of liver transplants
 No vaccine is available
 Symptoms include: jaundice, fatigue, abdominal
pain, loss of appetite, intermittent nausea,
vomiting
 May lead to chronic liver
disease and death
A liver ravished by HCV
 All four of the following conditions must be met:
 A pathogen in present
 There is enough of the pathogen to cause disease
 The pathogen passes through the correct entry site
 A person is susceptible to the pathogen
 Modes of transmission:
 Direct: Infected blood or other body fluid from one
person enters another person’s body
 Indirect: a person touches an objects that contains the
blood or body fluid of another person
 Skin tissue, cell
cultures
 Any other bodily fluid
 Blood
 Saliva
 Vomit
 Urine
 Semen or vaginal
secretions
 Contact with another
person’s blood or
bodily fluid that may
contain blood
 Mucous membranes:
eyes, mouth, nose
 Non-intact skin
 Contaminated
sharps/needles
 Administering first aid
 Close contact with
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athletes
Needle stick
Janitorial or maintenance
work
Handling of any waste
products
Handling biohazard
waste
 Use of proper Personal
protective equipment
(PPE)
 Treat all blood and
bodily fluids as if
they are contaminated
 Proper cleanup and
decontamination
 Disposal of all
contaminated material in
the proper manner
 Anything that is used
to protect a person
from exposure
 Latex or Nitrile
gloves, goggles, CPR
mouth barriers,
aprons, respirators
 Always check PPE for defects or tears before using
 If PPE becomes torn or defective remove and get new
 Remove PPE before leaving a contaminated area
 Do not reuse disposable equipment
 When cleaning up surfaces use Sanizide spray
 Spray and allow it to stand for ten minutes then
wipe up
 Dispose of all wipes in biohazard containers
 PPE should be removed and
disposed of in biohazard containers
 Wash hands
immediately after
removing PPE
 Use a soft
antibacterial soap
 A hand sanitizer can
be used but wash
with soap and water
as soon as possible.
 Engineering controls:
 Work practice controls:
 Sharps disposal
 Place sharp items in
containers
 Self-sheathing needles
 Biohazard bags and
labels
 PPE
sharps container at
point of use
 Disinfecting
equipment ASAP
 Wash hands
thoroughly
 Do not re-sheath
needles
 Liquid or semi-liquid blood or other potentially
infectious material(OPIM)
 Contaminated items that would release blood
or OPIM when compressed
 Contaminated sharps
 Pathological and
microbiological waste
containing blood or OPIM
 Labels must include the
universal biohazard
symbol, and the term
“Biohazard” must be
attached to:
 containers of regulated
biohazard waste
 refrigerators or freezers
containing blood or OPIM
 containers used to store,
transport, or ship blood or
OPIM
 A specific incident of contact with
potentially infectious bodily fluid
 If there are no infiltrations of mucous
membranes
or open skin surfaces, it is not considered
an occupational exposure
 Report all accidents involving blood or
bodily fluids to the director of the athletic
training clinic
 Post-exposure medical evaluations are
offered by the school
 Wash needlestick injuries, cuts,
and exposed skin with soap and
water
 Flush splashes of blood of OPIM
to the nose and mouth with water
 Irrigate eyes with clean water,
saline, or sterile irrigants
 Follow the procedures in the
athletic training clinic exposure
control plan (see the policies and
procedures manual).
 Confidential medical
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evaluation
Document route of
exposure
Identify source
individual
Test source individuals
blood (with individual’s
consent)
Provide results to
exposed employee
 Strongly endorsed by
medical communities
 No evidence of
harmful effects
 Offered to all
potentially exposed
employees
 Provided at no cost to
employees
Medical records include:
 Hepatitis B vaccination status
 Post-exposure evaluation and follow-up results
Training records include:
 Training dates
 Contents of the training
 Signature of trainer and trainee
 After completing this training you know more about
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How exposures occur
What causes disease
How to control the spread of BBPs
What to do if an exposure occurs
 By following the simple guidelines outlined in this training
you will reduce your risk of BBP exposure and disease
transmission
 In order to complete the training please log onto your
eclass page for the clinical class you are currently in and
complete the quiz
 Password: 185259