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Sulfide Minerals • Here you will find a short summary of the sulfides that you are studying in lab Important Sulfide Minerals • • • • • • • • • • • • Pyrite Aresonopyrite Sphalerite Chalcopyrite Covellite Galena Pyrrhotite Cinnabar Molybdenite Enargite Oriment Stibnite FeS2 FeAsS ZnS CuFeS2 PbS Fe1-xS HgS MoS Important Sulfide Minerals • Sulfide minerals have a restricted composition range and solid solutions are rare • Most sulfides (except sphalerite) are opaque semiconductors with metallic luster Sulfide parageneses • Most sulfides are deposited by hydrothermal solutions (e.g., galena, sphalerite, chalcopyrite). Metal cations are transported by cl-1 complexes at high temperature. Sulfide parageneses • Some are primary minerals in igneous and metamorphic rocks (e.g., Molybdenite, pyrrhotite) and crystallize from the magma. • Sulfides also may form, in sediments under the reducing conditions resulting from decay of organic matter. Hydroth erma Vein Depos its hypo therm al 30 0-600 o C Molybd enite Pyrrhotite Chal cop yri te Quartz To urmal ine To paz Micas Meso therm al o 20 0-300 C Sulfide Ore Mine als Chal cop yri te Born inte Gale na sp hale rite Ars enop yri te Gang ue Min eals Quartz Carbo nate s Bari te Epi therm al 50 -200 o C Cinn abar Sti binte Quartz Chal ced ony Opal Cali cte Pyrite • Cubic • Most widespread sulfide mineral. Found in all geological environments • Marcasite is a related polymorph formed at low Temperature. Pyrrhotite • Found as accessory phase in igneous rocks. Chalcopyrte • Primary copper mineral,in porphyry-copper deposits. • Most widespread copper mineral Arsenopyrite • Primary arsenic mineral Molybdenite • Primary Molybdenum ore • High temperature deposite Sphalerite • Primary ore mineral for Zn Galena • Primary ore mineral for Pb