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Understanding hearing loss How we hear The ear is made up of 3 parts: • Outer ear • Middle ear • Inner ear Inner Ear Middle Ear Each of these three parts has a special function that allows us to hear Outer Ear Outer ear Sound is: Pinna • Picked up by the outer ear – pinna • Sent down the ear canal to the eardrum Ear canal Middle ear As sound is sent down the canal to the eardrum • Sound vibrations cause the eardrum to rock back and forth • Three tiny bones in the middle ear send the sound vibrations to the inner ear Middle ear bones Ear drum Inner ear The inner ear contains over 30,000 tiny hair cells • Vibrations from the middle ear cause these hair cells to move • Hair cells are connected to the hearing nerve and send hearing signals to the brain Labyrinth Cochlea Types of hearing loss 1. Conductive hearing loss Inner Ear Sound is blocked in the outer or middle ear Middle Ear Causes: • Excessive earwax • Damaged eardrum • Ear infection or fluid in the middle ear • Stiffness in the bones of the middle ear (otosclerosis) Solution: Outer Ear • Most often medically treated with high success • Very successful with hearing aids if unable to treat medically Types of hearing loss 2. Sensorineural hearing loss Inner ear hair cells or hearing nerve is damaged and cannot send complete signals to the brain Causes: • Aging • Noise exposure • Hereditary factors Solutions: • Cannot be corrected with medicine or surgery • Hearing aids can be very helpful Inner Ear Evaluating your hearing Evaluating your hearing Your hearing expert • Specializes in making the process simple and easy for you • Helps you understand your hearing loss • Matches your hearing loss to the best solution Evaluating your hearing Your hearing evaluation includes: • A quick assessment of your family’s and your hearing history • An ear exam to rule out ear wax or infection • A hearing test to determine what you can and cannot hear • Review of your hearing test results • A discussion of hearing solutions The more you know, the better decisions you can make Degrees of hearing loss Normal Hearing Mild Moderate Right Ear Severe Left Ear Profound Sensorineural hearing loss: Due to aging Normal Hearing Mild Moderate Severe Profound