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THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
NAME _____________________________
Period ______ Date _________________
<Notes #1- Respiration and Excretion>
_____________________________________- the process in which OXYGEN combines with
GLUCOSE to release ENERGY for life activities.
****this occurs in the _______________________________ of every cell in your body!!
C6H12O6 + O2
Energy (ATP) + H20
+ CO2
environment
The oxygen needed for this process comes from the organism’s ______________________
while the CO2 must be released back into the environment.
ALL organisms, these gases MUST DIFFUSE through a_________________________!
In _________
______________________________- a system of organs used to exchange the
O2 and _________.
CO2
“respiratory gases”---_______
gills
lungs
Most water animals (fish, lobster, etc.) breathe with ________ while land vertebrates use ________.
1._____________________________
2._____________________________
3._____________________________
4._____________________________
5._____________________________
6._____________________________
7._____________________________
8._____________________________
9._____________________________
10.____________________________
11.____________________________
12.____________________________
13.____________________________
Air comes into your body through the....
____________________-they
are lined with mucus and tiny hairs.
Nostrils
Nasal Cavity
_____________________-air
is CLEANED, WARMED and MOISTENED here with the
mucus, etc.
Pharynx
_____________________the “throat”
Epiglottis
__________________-flap
of tissue that keeps food from entering the lungs
____________Larynx the “voice box”- is located at the top of the trachea
(The _______________ are leathery, flexible sheets that vibrate causing sound.)
Trachea
_________________the “wind pipe”- large, 2.5 cm hollow tube, supported by
rings of CARTILAGE.
Bronchi
________________two tubes, similar in structure, that lead into the lungs
Bronchial Tubes
________________________- carry air from bronchi to bronchioles
_________________Bronchioles smallest air tubes, lead to alveoli, have no cartilage, are
about one mm in diameter.
Alveoli
________________- small, moist, thin walled pouches***The alveoli are where the lungs do their “work” which is
to EXCHANGE O2 AND CO2 BETWEEN THE BLOOD AND THE LUNGS !!!!!
There are _______________________ alveoli. They look like clusters of grapes. If your lungs
were spread out into a thin sheet, it would cover an
tennis court
area the size of a ___________________
!
AIR EXCHANGE THROUGH
THE ALVEOLI----
OXYGEN CROSSES THE ALVEOLUS’ ______________________________ TO
PASS INTO THE CAPILLARY AND ENTER THE BLOODSTREAM.
The two boxes are the same size; however, one is completely hollow and the other is not. If you
had to paint the inside of the boxes, which one would require
more paint? (Hint- which one has the greater SURFACE
AREA???)
____________
The alveoli add _____________________________ to the lungs to
increase the amount of ________ that can be absorbed.
______________
______________________________- the process of taking air INTO and OUT of the lungs.
**BREATHING and RESPIRATION are ____________ the same...
breathing takes place in the ____________ while
respiration takes place in the mitochondria in the ________ all over your body!!
You usually breathe _________ times a minute. You take in about ____________ liters of air
with each breath.
The ribs and the diaphragm help you breathe...
___________________________- a strong sheet of muscle that forms
the floor of the chest cavity.
_______________- air moves INTO the lungs.
_______________- air LEAVING the lungs.
inhale
When you _____________ the RIBS move up and out
the DIAPHRAGM moves downward.
exhale
When you ____________
the RIBS move inward
the DIAPHRAGM moves upward.
Even after you forcibly exhale, there is still AIR in your lungs called
__________________________________.
warm
1. This air is __________________
and helps to warm the incoming air quickly.
collapsing
2. This air prevents the lungs from _____________________________.
Your lungs are made up of ________________________________ NOT muscle !! Therefore
inflated
they cannot move on their own. When the lungs are _________________
with air they
are like a blown-up balloon. When you exhale it is like a deflated balloon.