Download Cycles in the Earth System

DO NOW
• Open your textbook to Page 34
• Where does Earth gets it’s energy ?
• The Sun
Do Now
Sept. 17, 2012
• Open your book to page 34
• How is energy and matter added to and
removed from the Earth system?
– Added: sunlight and Earth’s interior meteorites
– Removed: radiation into space, spacecraft
Do Now
• Open book to page 34 (figure 4)
• What percentage of incoming solar
radiation is absorbed by water and
land?
• 51%
• How much is reflected by water and
land?
• 4%
Do Now
• Open book to page 33 figure 3
• Identify the elements of the 4 spheres in
this photo?
– Atmosphere = clouds
– Geosphere = mountains, trees
– Biosphere = trees, moose
– Hydrosphere = snow, lake
Do Now
Sept. 18, 2012
• Open book to Page 36 figure 6
• What role do animals play in the nitrogen
cycle?
Vocabulary
write the definitions and draw a sketch
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Atmosphere
Hydrosphere
Geosphere
Biosphere
Ecosystem
Carrying capacity
Food web
Crust
Mantle
Core
Lithosphere
Mesosphere
Asthenosphere
Cycles in the Earth System
Cycles in the Earth System
Nitrogen Cycle
Carbon Cycle
Phosphorus Cycle
Water Cycle
NITROGEN CYCLE
• Organisms use nitrogen to build proteins
• Proteins build cells
• Nitrogen fixing bacteria in soil and roots of plants
change nitrogen into nitrogen compounds
needed for plant growth
• Animals eat plants
• Nitrogen returns to soil by decay of dead plants
and animals
• Nitrogen from the soil re-enters the atmosphere
CARBON CYCLE
• Short term cycle
– Plants change carbon dioxide from air into carbohydrates (food)
– Organisms eat plants – plants get carbon from the carbohydrates
– Organisms release carbon back into the air
• Long term cycle
– Carbon moves through Earth’s 4 spheres over a long time
– Carbon is stored in geosphere in buried plant and animal
remains
• Burning fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas) adds carbon
dioxide back into the atmosphere
PHOSPHORUS CYCLE
• Needed to build cells
• Moves through all spheres except the
atmosphere
• Enters soil and water when rocks break down
and dissolves in water
• Plants absorb phosphorus through roots
• Animals absorb phosphorus when they eat
plants
• Animals die and return phosphorus to the soil
WATER CYCLE
• Liquid water evaporates and becomes
water vapor (gas)
• Water vapor condenses and forms water
droplets (liquid)
• Water returns to surface of Earth through
precipitation
• Precipitation = rain, snow, sleet, hail
Do Now
Sept. 18, 2008
1. Name the two sources of external
energy.
The sun and the moon
2. How is the energy from the sun used on
Earth?
Warms Earth’s atmosphere and surface
Creates wind and ocean currents
Plants use the energy to make food
• Sketch and label the following cycles :
– Solar Radiation (page 34) – done already
– Nitrogen Cycle (page 36)
– Carbon Cycle (page 37)
– Water Cycle (page 38)
Do Now
Sept. 19, 2008
1. Why do organisms need nitrogen?
We need nitrogen to build proteins to make
cells.
2. Describe how carbon dioxide from the
atmosphere moves through the carbon cycle
back into the atmosphere.
Plants use carbon dioxide from the air, animals
eat the plants and then we eat the animals to
get the carbon. Animals die and carbon returns
to the air and soil.