Download Practicing Anatomical Termonology Using Anatomical Terms (Ch. 1

Anatomy & Physiology
2010-2011
Names:
_________________, _________________
Period _____ date: _________ _________________
Practicing Anatomical Termonology
The most important thing to understand when studying anatomy is the terminology. Using
standard anatomical terminology ensures that anatomists have a common method of
communicating to avoid confusion when identifying structures. Anatomical directional terms
are like the directions on a compass rose of a map. Like the directions, North, South, East and
West, they can be used to describe the locations of structures in relation to other structures or
locations in the body. This is particularly useful when studying anatomy as it provides a
common method of communication that helps to avoid confusion when identifying structures.
Also as with a compass rose, each directional term often has a counterpart with converse or
opposite meaning. These terms are very useful when describing the locations of structures to
be studied in dissections.
Understanding anatomical directional terms and body planes will make it easier to study
anatomy. It will help you to be able to visualize positional and spacial locations of structures
and navigate directionally from one area to another.
Using Anatomical Terms (Ch. 1, pgs. 9-17):
1. Using Anatomic Directional Terms, describe the location of one organ or body part to
the other for those listed below:
a. The head is _________________ to the neck
b. The calf is _________________ to the thigh
c. The skin is _______________ to muscle
d. The shoulder is ____________ to the hand
e. The heart is _____________ to the arms
f.
The navel is ______________ to the spine
2. Using the Regional Terms below, point to a regional term on your body and ask your lab
partner to identify the anatomic term. Write the common names next to the regional
terms listed below.
a. Cephalic - head
j.
b. Cervical - neck
k. Patellar -
c. Thoracic - mid back
l.
d. Lumbar -
m. Femoral -
e. Pectoral -
n. Carpal -
f.
o. Tarsal -
Sternal -
Brachial Popliteal -
g. Vertebral -
p. Digital -
h. Gluteal -
q. Pedal -
i.
r. Plantar -
Axillary -
Anatomy & Physiology
2010-2011
Names:
_________________, _________________
Period _____ date: _________ _________________
3. Using Body Cavities - be able to name the organs in each body cavity.
ORGANS
Cranial cavity
Dorsal Cavity
Spinal Cavity
Thoracic Cavity
Ventral Cavity
Abdominal Cavity
Pelvic Cavity
4. Using Abdominopelvic Quadrant – Have your lab partner point to each of the 4
quadrants listed below and identify 2 organs that are found in each.
ORGANS
right upper quadrant: ___________________ and ____________________
right lower quadrant: ___________________ and ____________________
left upper quadrant: ____________________ and ____________________
left lower quadrant: ____________________ and ____________________
Celery surgery
You have been working on memorizing anatomical terms. Be sure you have a good
grasp of them before attempting this assignment. The goal of this activity is to use
anatomic terms to perform surgery on a stalk of celery.
After placing the celery in the supine position, assume you are a surgeon
performing the following 4 surgical procedures on the celery. Draw a picture
illustrating your “cut” lines for each of the 4 surgeries.
1. At the umbilicus on the ventral surface of the celery, make a superficial midsagittal incision and
proceed inferiorally to the end of the stalk.
2. At the Superior end, on the dorsal surface, make a deep transverse incision. Do not transect
(completely cut through) the celery.
3. Enter from the LATERAL surface at the level of the umbilicus and make a complete coronal incision
and proceed inferiorly.
4. Make a complete (transect) transverse incision approximately 2 cm from the superior and inferior
ends. Make two ipsilatteral sagittal cuts from the pectoral region to the end of the stalk.
Anatomy & Physiology
2010-2011
1
Names:
_________________, _________________
Period _____ date: _________ _________________
2
3
4
Anatomy & Physiology
2010-2011
Names:
_________________, _________________
Period _____ date: _________ _________________
Lab answer sheet – Understanding Anatomical Terms
1.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
The head is superior to the heart
The fibula is lateral to the tibia
The leg is inferior to the thigh
The brain is deep to the skull
The skin is superficial to muscle
The arm is proximal to the forearm
The hand is distal to the shoulder
The left ear and left eye are ipsilateral to each other.
The ears are contralateral to each other
The heart is medial to the arms
k. Cephalic - head
l.
Cervical - neck
m. Thoracic - mid back
n. Lumbar o. Abdominal p. Pectoral q. Sternal r. Vertebral s. Gluteal t. Pubic u. Inguinal v. Genital w. Axillary x. Brachial y. Antebrachial z. Cubital aa. Antecubital bb. Patellar cc. Popliteal dd. Manual ee. Femoral ff. Crural gg. Sural hh. Carpal ii. Tarsal jj. Digital kk. Pedal -
Anatomy & Physiology
2010-2011
Names:
_________________, _________________
Period _____ date: _________ _________________
ll. Plantar –
The abdominopelvic quadrants evenly divide the space of the torso below the diaphragm into four.
They are referred to simply by location: the right upper quadrant, right lower quadrant, left upper
quadrant, and left lower quadrant. The right upper quadrant contains the right portion of the liver,
the gallbladder, right kidney, a small portion of the stomach, portions of the ascending and
transverse colon and parts of small intestine. The left upper quadrant is the location of the left
portion of the liver, the larger portion of the stomach, the pancreas, left kidney, spleen, portions of
the transverse and descending colon and parts of the small intestine. In the right lower quadrant sits
the cecum, appendix, part of the small intestines, the right reproductive organs, and the right ureter.
The left lower quadrant houses the majority of the small intestine, some of the large intestine, the
left reproductive organs and the left ureter.